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About: Evidentialism

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Evidentialism is a thesis in epistemology which states that one is justified to believe something if and only if that person has evidence which supports said belief. Evidentialism is, therefore, a thesis about which beliefs are justified and which are not. Evidentialism enjoys wide popular support and has for centuries. Perhaps the earliest known proponents of evidentialism is David Hume who said "A wise man apportions his beliefs to the evidence." Similarly, Hitchens's Razor states "what can be asserted without evidence can also be dismissed without evidence." Carl Sagan has also stated "Extraordinary claims require extra ordinary evidence." All of these statements imply acceptance of philosophical evidentialism.

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  • Evidentialism is a thesis in epistemology which states that one is justified to believe something if and only if that person has evidence which supports said belief. Evidentialism is, therefore, a thesis about which beliefs are justified and which are not. Evidentialism enjoys wide popular support and has for centuries. Perhaps the earliest known proponents of evidentialism is David Hume who said "A wise man apportions his beliefs to the evidence." Similarly, Hitchens's Razor states "what can be asserted without evidence can also be dismissed without evidence." Carl Sagan has also stated "Extraordinary claims require extra ordinary evidence." All of these statements imply acceptance of philosophical evidentialism. For philosophers Richard Feldman and Earl Conee, evidentialism is the strongest argument for justification because it identifies the primary notion of epistemic justification. They argue that if a person's attitude towards a proposition fits their evidence, then their doxastic attitude for that proposition is epistemically justified. Feldman and Conee offer the following argument for evidentialism as an epistemic justification: (EJ) Doxastic attitude D toward proposition p is epistemically justified for S at t if and only if having D toward p fits the evidence. For Feldman and Conee one's doxastic attitude is justified if it fits one's evidence. EJ is meant to show the idea that justification is characteristically epistemic. This idea makes justification dependent on evidence. Feldman and Conee believe that because objections to EJ have become so prominent their defense for it is appropriate. The theses that object EJ are implying that epistemic justification is dependent upon the "cognitive capacities of an individual or upon the cognitive processes or information-gatherings practices that lead to an attitude." For Feldman and Conee, EJ is in contrast to these theses; EJ contends that the epistemic justification for an attitude is only dependent upon evidence. (en)
  • 증거주의란 인식론적 정당성에 관한 주장이다. 그것은 지식이 필요하다고 생각된다는 점에서 사람들이 정당하게 혹은 이성적으로 믿어지는 것에 관한 이론이다. 전제주의 변증법과는 다른 접근 방식이다. (ko)
  • Evidentialism är en filosofisk term som framhåller att det endast är rationellt att tro sådant som det finns goda skäl att hålla för sant. Exempelvis framhåller evidentialisterna att om det inte finns några goda skäl för Guds existens, och några goda skäl emot, så är det inte är rationellt att tro att Gud existerar. Denna filosofiartikel saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att lägga till den. (sv)
  • Evidencialismo em epistemologia consiste na ideia de que uma crença só se justifica se ela for suportada por uma evidência. Essa posição foi defendida principalmente por Richard Feldman e Earl Conee. . A ideia de que aquilo que justifica nossas crenças são evidências é bastante intuitiva e foi aceita sem maior discussão na história da filosofia. Mas, segundo esses autores, ela foi desafiada por teorias externalistas da justificação, como a teoria causal da conhecimento e o confiabilismo de processo, defendido por Alvin Goldman . Segundo essa última teoria, aquilo que justifica uma crença é um processo causal que torna a crença confiável. Teorias externalistas da crença se baseiam em casos como os de crenças que atribuímos a crianças pequenas e animais, que não são capazes de as justificar, ou de crenças que muitas vezes possuímos (por exemplo, o número de um telefone) mas que já há muito esquecemos onde as aprendemos e por isso não temos a menor ideia de que evidências internas teríamos para justificá-las. (pt)
  • Евіденціалізм (від англ. evidence — доказ) у епістемології визначається як позиція, відповідно до якої раціонально виправдане епістемічне переконання (віра) можливе тільки за умови його підтвердження емпіричними даними. Виникнення евіденціалізму пов'язують з іменем англійського філософа Джона Лока (1632—1704). Англійський філософ вважав, що доказ існування будь-чого може бути визнаний достатнім, якщо кожна людина, яка мислить раціонально, визнає його хорошим доказом. (uk)
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  • 증거주의란 인식론적 정당성에 관한 주장이다. 그것은 지식이 필요하다고 생각된다는 점에서 사람들이 정당하게 혹은 이성적으로 믿어지는 것에 관한 이론이다. 전제주의 변증법과는 다른 접근 방식이다. (ko)
  • Evidentialism är en filosofisk term som framhåller att det endast är rationellt att tro sådant som det finns goda skäl att hålla för sant. Exempelvis framhåller evidentialisterna att om det inte finns några goda skäl för Guds existens, och några goda skäl emot, så är det inte är rationellt att tro att Gud existerar. Denna filosofiartikel saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att lägga till den. (sv)
  • Евіденціалізм (від англ. evidence — доказ) у епістемології визначається як позиція, відповідно до якої раціонально виправдане епістемічне переконання (віра) можливе тільки за умови його підтвердження емпіричними даними. Виникнення евіденціалізму пов'язують з іменем англійського філософа Джона Лока (1632—1704). Англійський філософ вважав, що доказ існування будь-чого може бути визнаний достатнім, якщо кожна людина, яка мислить раціонально, визнає його хорошим доказом. (uk)
  • Evidentialism is a thesis in epistemology which states that one is justified to believe something if and only if that person has evidence which supports said belief. Evidentialism is, therefore, a thesis about which beliefs are justified and which are not. Evidentialism enjoys wide popular support and has for centuries. Perhaps the earliest known proponents of evidentialism is David Hume who said "A wise man apportions his beliefs to the evidence." Similarly, Hitchens's Razor states "what can be asserted without evidence can also be dismissed without evidence." Carl Sagan has also stated "Extraordinary claims require extra ordinary evidence." All of these statements imply acceptance of philosophical evidentialism. (en)
  • Evidencialismo em epistemologia consiste na ideia de que uma crença só se justifica se ela for suportada por uma evidência. Essa posição foi defendida principalmente por Richard Feldman e Earl Conee. . A ideia de que aquilo que justifica nossas crenças são evidências é bastante intuitiva e foi aceita sem maior discussão na história da filosofia. Mas, segundo esses autores, ela foi desafiada por teorias externalistas da justificação, como a teoria causal da conhecimento e o confiabilismo de processo, defendido por Alvin Goldman . Segundo essa última teoria, aquilo que justifica uma crença é um processo causal que torna a crença confiável. Teorias externalistas da crença se baseiam em casos como os de crenças que atribuímos a crianças pequenas e animais, que não são capazes de as justifi (pt)
rdfs:label
  • Evidentialism (en)
  • 증거주의 (ko)
  • Evidencialismo (pt)
  • Evidentialism (sv)
  • Евіденціалізм (uk)
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