Josephine Margaret Mitchell (June 30, 1912 – December 28, 2000) was a Canadian-American mathematician specializing in the mathematical analysis of functions of several complex variables. She was the victim of a notorious case of discrimination against women in academia when, after she married another more junior faculty member at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, the university used its anti-nepotism rules to revoke her tenured position while allowing her husband to keep his untenured one.