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- Le hano (ou raga) est une langue océanienne parlée au Vanuatu par 6 500 locuteurs, dans le nord de l’île de Pentecôte et au sud de Maewo. Cette langue est aussi appelée Bwatvenua, Lamalanga, North Raga, Qatvenua, Raga, Vunmarama. Il présente peu de différences dialectales. (fr)
- Raga (also known as Hano) is the language of northern Pentecost Island in Vanuatu. Like all Vanuatu languages, Raga belongs to the Oceanic subgroup of the Austronesian languages family. In old sources the language is sometimes referred to by the names of villages in which it is spoken, such as Bwatvenua (Qatvenua), Lamalanga, Vunmarama and Loltong. It is the most conservative language of Pentecost Island, having preserved final vowels while also retaining the five-vowel system inherited from Proto-Oceanic, compared to other languages spoken on the island, which have all developed additional vowels in addition to pervasive vowel deletion. With an estimated 6,500 native speakers (in the year 2000), Raga is the second most widely spoken of Pentecost's five native languages (after Apma), and the seventh largest vernacular in Vanuatu as a whole. There are significant communities of Raga speakers on Maewo island and in Port Vila and Luganville as a result of emigration from Pentecost. Walter Lini, the independence leader of Vanuatu, was a native Raga speaker. The Raga spoken by most people today is heavily mixed with Bislama, Vanuatu's national language. The Turaga indigenous movement, based at Lavatmanggemu in north-eastern Pentecost, have attempted to purge the language of foreign influences by coining or rediscovering native words for introduced concepts such as "torch battery" (vat bongbongi, literally "night stones") and "hour" (ngguha, literally "movement"). Members of the Turaga movement write in Raga language using Avoiuli, a unique writing system inspired by local sand drawings. Raga is generally considered an easy language to speak and learn, and is known as a second language by a number of speakers of other Vanuatu languages. Modern Raga is relatively homogeneous, with no significant dialectal variation. A distinctive southern dialect of Raga, Nggasai, is now extinct; its last native speaker died in 1999. Several grammatical sketches, vocabulary lists and short papers on Raga have been published, beginning with the work of R H Codrington and von der Gabelentz in the late 19th century, and a number of religious texts have been translated into the language. (en)
- ラガ語（ラガご、Raga）とは主にバヌアツの北部で話されている言語である。「ラガ」はペンテコスト島全体を指す言葉であるがその南部では、、といった異なる言語が話されており、本言語を指して北部ラガ語（ほくぶラガご、英: North Raga）とする場合もある。現地ではHanoという呼称が好まれる。 (ja)
- Raga (também chamada Hano) é a língua do norte da ilha de Pentecostes em Vanuatu. Raga das línguas Vanuatu Leste, um ramo das línguas austronésias. Em fontes mais antigas é muitas vezes referida pelos nomes das vilas nas quais era falada, tais como Bwatvenua (Qatvenua), Lamalanga, Vunmarama e Loltong. (pt)
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- Le hano (ou raga) est une langue océanienne parlée au Vanuatu par 6 500 locuteurs, dans le nord de l’île de Pentecôte et au sud de Maewo. Cette langue est aussi appelée Bwatvenua, Lamalanga, North Raga, Qatvenua, Raga, Vunmarama. Il présente peu de différences dialectales. (fr)
- ラガ語（ラガご、Raga）とは主にバヌアツの北部で話されている言語である。「ラガ」はペンテコスト島全体を指す言葉であるがその南部では、、といった異なる言語が話されており、本言語を指して北部ラガ語（ほくぶラガご、英: North Raga）とする場合もある。現地ではHanoという呼称が好まれる。 (ja)
- Raga (também chamada Hano) é a língua do norte da ilha de Pentecostes em Vanuatu. Raga das línguas Vanuatu Leste, um ramo das línguas austronésias. Em fontes mais antigas é muitas vezes referida pelos nomes das vilas nas quais era falada, tais como Bwatvenua (Qatvenua), Lamalanga, Vunmarama e Loltong. (pt)
- Raga (also known as Hano) is the language of northern Pentecost Island in Vanuatu. Like all Vanuatu languages, Raga belongs to the Oceanic subgroup of the Austronesian languages family. In old sources the language is sometimes referred to by the names of villages in which it is spoken, such as Bwatvenua (Qatvenua), Lamalanga, Vunmarama and Loltong. Raga is generally considered an easy language to speak and learn, and is known as a second language by a number of speakers of other Vanuatu languages. (en)
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