Horticultural Science, 2024 (vol. 51), issue 2
Investigations on identification of pests in horticultural crops under greenhouse conditionsOriginal Paper
Shanthi Chinnasamy, Revathy Baskar
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):75-84 | DOI: 10.17221/158/2022-HORTSCI 
The early detection of pests in plants and crops is essential for the production of good quality food. Computer vision techniques can be applied for the early detection of pests and which can minimise the pesticides used on the plants. Among many pests, white flies, mites, aphids and thrips are the most hazardous pests that affect the leaves. This paper presents an automated approach for the detection of different types of pests from leaf images of plants. The images of the plant leaves were acquired using a digital camera. Image pre-processing techniques, such as noise removal, filtering and contrast enhancement, are used for improving the quality...
Comparison of the blossom and shoot susceptibility of European and Asian pear cultivars to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringaeOriginal Paper
Iveta Pánková, Václav Krejzar, Radka Krejzarová
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):85-97 | DOI: 10.17221/18/2023-HORTSCI
The susceptibility of 14 pear cultivars to the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, the causal agent of bacterial blast, was evaluated using three different methods of in vivo inoculation detached shoots inoculation in a growth chamber, and terminal shoot and blossom inoculation of potted trees in a net house in the period 2020–2022. The 20-week assessment of infection symptoms in the net house showed different dynamics of disease development depending on the inoculation method, the weather during the growing season and the susceptibility of the pear cultivars. Most of the cultivars were during the study low susceptible...
Putrescine alleviates cold injury in peach fruit via elevating the conjugated polyamines in tonoplast and thereby maintaining vacuole conformationOriginal Paper
Huaipan Liu, Dongxiao Liu
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):98-110 | DOI: 10.17221/87/2023-HORTSCI
Exogenous polyamines can elevate postharvest fruit cold resistance and alleviate cold injury. However, the mechanism, by which polyamines mediate cold tolerance, is still to be explored. So in this paper, the conjugated polyamines in tonoplast and vacuole conformation were illuminated in the flesh cells of peach fruit subjected to cold stress, which were pretreated with exogenous putrescine. The results showed that under cold condition, fruit firmness decreased and flesh browning area increased, and vacuole conformation changed. The cold injury could be alleviated by pretreatment with exogenous putrescine, as judged by stabilization of the vacuole...
Evaluation of the total phenolic content, sugar, organic acid, volatile compounds and antioxidant capacities of fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes selected from the Mediterranean region of TürkiyeOriginal Paper
Muhammet Ali Gündeşli, Remzi Ugur, Ipek Urün, Sezai Ercisli, Nesibe Ebru Kafkas, Gulce Ilhan, Velibor Spalevic, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):111-126 | DOI: 10.17221/84/2023-HORTSCI
Nowadays, the interest in research to determine the healthy compounds in fig fruits has increased, as many of them have been found to be beneficial to human health. This study aimed to determine the sugars, organic acids, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and volatile compounds in the fruits of 19 fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes sampled from the Kahramanmaras province in Türkiye in 2018 and 2019. In the fruit of the fig genotypes, the total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the total antioxidant capacity was determined by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazil) method, the sugars, organic acids and volatile...
Changes in growth and leaf hyperspectral reflectance of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) under various soil compaction intensitiesOriginal Paper
Jae Eun Choi, Ki Eun Song, Sun Hee Hong, Petr Konvalina, Jong Il Chung, Min Chul Kim, Sangin Shim
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):127-140 | DOI: 10.17221/173/2022-HORTSCI
This study was conducted to determine the effect of traffic stress by soil compaction on zoysiagrass by analyzing the aerial and underground parts and hyperspectral analysis. Zoysiagrass plants were subjected to a compaction strength gradient from 35 to 80 kgf/cm2 to confirm the compaction resistance and recoverable limit and measure the physiological change during stress. Changes in leaf color, photosynthesis, and hyperspectral reflectance due to continuous weak and strong traffic stress were measured, and vegetation indices were evaluated for the critical traffic stress injury assessment. As a result, the stem of the zoysiagrass was severely...
Effects of sodium selenate and selenomethionine on reproductive growth, fruit quality, and 5-hydroxytryptophan metabolism of ‘Qingcui’ plumOriginal Paper
Sun Xieping, Chen Yang, Lin Ling Kou, Chun Xia Lu, Guo Qiang Han
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):141-151 | DOI: 10.17221/45/2023-HORTSCI
Selenium (Se) is a beneficial element for plant growth and development. In this study, three-year-old potted ‘Qingcui’ plums were treated with Na2SeO4 (Se6+) or selenomethionine (SeMet Se2-) to explore the effect of Se on the plant growth, fruit quality, and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) metabolism. Flower and fruit numbers, fruit quality and yield, Se content, and 5-HTP metabolites and enzymes were detected. The results showed that the flower and fruit numbers, and yield were significantly increased by the Se application. There were no significant differences in the fruit diameters, fruit mass, edible part ratio, titratable acids, water...
Effect of ripening temperature on early-season ‘Hass’ avocado fruit exocarp colour development and pigmentation during ripeningOriginal Paper
December Simphiwe Sibeko, Kingsly Shikwambana, Nhlanhla Mathaba
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):152-159 | DOI: 10.17221/72/2023-HORTSCI
South African ‘Hass’ avocado fruit harvested early season are vulnerable to colour desynchronisation with softening during ripening, reducing their international and local market aesthetic value. So far, research has proven that ‘Hass’ avocado fruit exocarp colour desynchronization is an early season conundrum. However, there is insufficient literature on underlying factors causing exocarp colour desynchronisation. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the ripening temperature effect on early season ‘Hass’ avocado fruit exocarp colour development and pigments during ripening. Early season ‘Hass’ avocado...
Living mulches in-rows as an alternative for herbicide fallow in a pear Pyrus communis L. orchardOriginal Paper
Ireneusz Sosna, Ewa Fudali
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):160-167 | DOI: 10.17221/14/2023-HORTSCI
Weed control and replenishing soil moisture and fertility are important areas in fruit production. The number of studies focused to determine whether living mulches in tree rows can fulfil these tasks increases recently. In the paper the results of an 11-year experiment on the effect of two such mulches (Trifolium repens L. and Agrostis capillaris L.) on the growth, yield, and fruit quality of three pear cultivars (‘Alfa’, ‘Dolores’, ‘Amfora’) in relation to herbicide fallow are presented. In the experiment, a single sowing of covering plants without additional treatments was used. A statistically significant...