Centella asiatica and Oldenlandia corymbosa are in traditional medicinal use for thousands of yea... more Centella asiatica and Oldenlandia corymbosa are in traditional medicinal use for thousands of years. Centella asiatica is mainly used for wound healing and treating different skin condition whereas Oldenlandia corymbosa is used for the removing toxins as well as activating blood circulation etc. The present study was designed to identify different active compound present in both the plants and to look for their biological activity. GC-MS analysis was performed to identify different active compounds and their activity was identified using the previous literature.
Screening of phyto-chemicals and determination of total phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity of water extract of Camellia assamica leaves, 2023
The study involves cold extraction of the powdered dried leaves of Camellia assamica, which helps... more The study involves cold extraction of the powdered dried leaves of Camellia assamica, which helps in ensuring that all the plant components are extracted to the maximum for better outcome. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard procedure. Total phenolic content was determined using standard Folin-Ciocalteau's (FC) method. In vitro antioxidant property was analyzed using both DPPH method and H2O2 scavenging activity method. The alpha-amylase inhibition activity was used for evaluating the in-vitro anti-diabetic activity. The plant extract was used at different concentrations to ensure which concentration causes the highest inhibition. The phytochemical screening of the green tea extract showed positive results for steroids, Saponin, Tannins, Flavonoid, Phenols etc.The total phenolic content of aqueous extract for green tea is 630µg/ml of GAE or 0.63mg of phenol compound and the antioxidant analysis shows maximum inhibition at 250µg/ml concentration of water extract with a inhibition percentage of 76.5433 ±0.157% in case of H2O2 method whereas it was 73.9633 ±0.0693% of inhibition at 250µg/ml concentration of water extract with the DPPH method. The anti-diabetic property was maximum at 200µg/ml concentration of water extract with an inhibition percentage of 83.3533 ±0.0693%.
In traditional cultures all throughout the world, medicinal plants and their derivatives are wide... more In traditional cultures all throughout the world, medicinal plants and their derivatives are widely used, and they are also gaining popularity in modern society as healthy substitutes for synthetic chemicals. This review is a step towards gaining more understanding of Tagetes erecta's therapeutic effectiveness. Literature were searched in Google Scholar and PubMed using the term "Tagetes erecta AND biological activity" and a total of 38 references were selected for this study. Results have shown presence of different phytoconstituents which demonstrates a variety of pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, insecticidal, wound healing, anti-diabetic, anti-depressant etc.The findings in this study recommend that Tagetes erecta species may be studied further for its anti-microbial and wound healing activity.
In the recent years, the consumption of microgreens has increased among the people due to their h... more In the recent years, the consumption of microgreens has increased among the people due to their high nutritional value and thus there is a growing demand of it. The yield and quality of microgreens depend on different factors like soil condition, temperature etc. Microgreens can be grown in greenhouses, soil or soilless, organic or non-organic, solid or hydroponic. The present study was conducted on growing of two different microgreens samples in different soil conditions and to estimate its total protein and carbohydrate content on it. Three different soil samples were collected from different locations of Panikhaiti, Assam, India. Total two microgreen samples were grown with and without vermicompost with all the three soil samples. Results: It has been observed that the growth of Fenugreek microgreen is faster than that of red spinach microgreen. The soil with vermicompost has grown microgreen in a faster, healthier and taller manner than that of untreated soil. Total protein content of fenugreek is found to be higher while carbohydrate content is higher is red spinach. The data generated in this research may be used as region based reference for consumer choice as well as dieticians recommendation.
Northeast India, the reservoir of plant diversity is rich in medicinal and aromatic plants. A hug... more Northeast India, the reservoir of plant diversity is rich in medicinal and aromatic plants. A huge population here is still dependent on these medicinal plants for curing various ailments. Various diseases that require pharmaceutical medications are also associated with many risk factors. Extracts from such medicinal plants are capable of minimizing side effects caused by chemically synthesized drugs. The present study was conducted to detect the presence of various potent phytochemicals, evaluation of invitro antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activity from the leaf extracts of Allium odorum. Extraction was carried out using solvents with varied polarity. Various phytochemicals such as saponins, phenols, tannins, flavonoids etc were found to be present. The extract showed anti-microbial activity with a clear zone of inhibition of 2.5mm and 2.8mm against E. coli (gram negative) and S. aureus (gram positive) respectively for hexane; 5mm (E. coli) and 5.2mm (S. aureus) for acetone and 5.7mm (E. coli) and 6mm (S. aureus) for distilled water extracts. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated where 200µg/ml of hexane extract showed a maximum value of 68.20%. The above results conclude that leaves of Allium odorum possesses various pharmacologically active molecules which can be further
The study involves two methods of methanolic extraction of the powdered leaves, which ensure all ... more The study involves two methods of methanolic extraction of the powdered leaves, which ensure all the plant components of the extracted for better results. Phytochemical analysis from the extracts was performed by using standard protocols. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin–Ciocalteau's (FC) method. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the extracts was tested against E coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsilla sp. using agar disc diffusion method. Antioxidant property of the plant was evaluated using DPPH Method. The plant extracts were used at varying concentrations to ensure which plant extract and concentration causes the most inhibition. Phytochemical analysis of the extract indicated the present of phenol, tannin, terpenoid(except in heat extraction method of methanol extract) and carbohydrates while protein, flavonoid, steroidwere absent. The phenolic content in cold extraction of methanol extract is 360μg/ml of GAE or 0.36mg of phenolic compound and in heat extraction of ...
There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated wi... more There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated with microorganisms. The range of microorganisms associated with outbreaks linked to fresh product encompasses bacteria, viruses and parasites. This study was undertaken to investigate microbial safety aspects of some fruits such as Mango (Mangifera indica), Plum (Prunus sp.), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Grapes (Vitis vinifera), Apple (Malus domestica) and Banana (Musa acuminate). The presence of different bacteria which were responsible for spoiling fruits was confirmed by various biochemical and microbial tests. The microorganisms isolated were characterized by VITEK analysis and identified. The results showed the presence of the bacteria like Enterobacter cloacae complex, Providencia rettgeri, Pantoea spp and Serratia plymuthica. The isolated strains were then tested against 19 different antibiotics to look into their antibiotic susceptibility. The fruits in Guwahati region are mainly spoiled by Enterobacter cloacae complex, though other organisms are also there such as Pantoea spp, Providencia rettgeri, Serratia plymuthica. Methods to control these microbes need to be framed and applied for long term storage of the fruits.
Introduction: The rhizome, leaves and stem of Costus speciosus has been in use for a long time an... more Introduction: The rhizome, leaves and stem of Costus speciosus has been in use for a long time and is believed to have estrogenic, antibacterial, anti inflammatory, diuretic, anti diabetic and hepatoprotective property by the people of North East and especially in Assam. Aim: The current study was conducted to Extract, estimate and to compare the proteins and carbohydrates content from different parts of Costus speciosus and to look for the photochemical contents. Materials and methods: Extraction was carried out using 70% methanol for protein estimation while water extraction was done for carbohydrate quantification. Alcohol Test, Ring Test (Heller's Test)[ Qualitative tests], (Lowry's Method) and Modified Lowry's Method[ Quantitative tests] were performed to detect and estimate the total proteins while Fehling's Test, Benedict's Test, Molisch's Test [Qualitative tests] and Anthrone Method [Quantitative tests] were performed to detect and estimate the total ...
Introduction: Green synthesis of nanoparticles is a novel way to synthesize nanoparticles by usin... more Introduction: Green synthesis of nanoparticles is a novel way to synthesize nanoparticles by using biological sources. It is gaining attention due to its cost effectiveness, eco-friendly nature and large scale production possibilities. Again silver nanoparticles are of special interest to researcher due to its evocative physical and chemical properties. Aim: The study was designed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using the aqueous solution of Neptunia oleraceae fresh leaf extract and AgNO3. Materials and Methods: A fixed ratio of plant extract to metal ion was prepared and the colour change was observed that proved the formation of nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles synthesized were confirmed by their change of colour to dark brown due to the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance. The characterization was done by UV-VIS spectroscopy and X-RAY diffraction analysis. The size of the silver crystallites has been estimated using Debye Scherer formula. Stability of the nanopartic...
Open Access Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2017
Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants... more Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants and have diverse protective properties .Most Phytochemicals like carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols have antimicrobial activity and serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens. In the present study, five indigenous plants of Assam namely Oldenlandia corymbosa, Ricinus communis, Lpomea aquatica, Xanthium strumarium, Mentha piperita were analyzed for various Phytochemicals present and their antimicrobial activity. Methods: Phytochemical screening tests was conducted for five plant species and found that extract contains a variety of Phytochemicals like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and reducing sugars and among which there is higher level of precipitation for phenol and flavonoids. As they are essential source of antimicrobial agents against pathogens, their extract were tested for its antimicrobial activity by well diffusion method using Nutrient agar against human pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. Results: The study plant extract of Xanthium strumarium(leaves, roots) and Mentha piperita(stem) had shown a strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the plant extract of Ricinus communis(leaves ,stem, roots), Lpomea aquatica (stem)had shown antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Oldenlandia corymbosa hadn’t shown antimicrobial activity for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study provided evidence to confirm the presence of various medicinally important bioactive compounds or Phytochemicals that has got biological importance and it justifies their use in the traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases and this findings suggest that the selected plant extracts possesses antimicrobial properties that could be used for biological control of bacterial cultures and this bioactive compounds serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens.
Journal of Forensic Toxicology & Pharmacology, 2016
Phytochemical Analysis of Solanum virginianum and its Effect on Human Pathogenic Microbes with Sp... more Phytochemical Analysis of Solanum virginianum and its Effect on Human Pathogenic Microbes with Special Emphasis on Salmonella typhi Solanum virginianum belongs to the family Solanaceae, with medicinal properties as per folk medicine. Solanum virginianum is used for treating in cough and fever in India, especially Manipur. The objective of the present study was to scientifically evaluate typhoid potential of Solanum virginianum. Phytochemicals present in leaves, stem, roots and fruit of Solanum virginianum was studied in the current study by biochemical tests. It was found that various phytochemical were present in high proportion alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, tannin, proteins and amino acids. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method. It was found that the aqueous extract of S. virginianum inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens. The most susceptible Gram-negative bacterial pathogens were Salmonella typhi leaf (2.5 cm), stem (2 cm), root (1.5 cm), fruit (1.4 cm), and Escherichia coli leaf (2.2 cm), stem (3.3 cm) root (1.2 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).Solanum virginianum inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus stem (2.6 cm), Klebsiella pneumonia leaf (1 cm), stem (1 cm), root (1 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).This study findings can be useful in considering the studied plant for preparing drugs in near future and also justifies the age old practice of ayurvedic treatment. However, large scale advanced studies followed by animal study needs to be carried out before large scale commercial application of the plant.
Bioinformatics software development is a very fast and versatile sector. There are many utility s... more Bioinformatics software development is a very fast and versatile sector. There are many utility software already exists in the market but for faster development of such utility software we need reusable components. Component reusability is about building a library of frequently used component, thus allowing new programs to be assembled quickly from existing components. It has produced greater schedule and effect savings than any other practice. In this paper we have tried to design such a component which can find the restriction enzyme cut site in a given DNA sequence and also it can provide sequence of any given restriction enzyme
The main etiological agent, which is considered to cause acute hepatitis is the Hepatitis E virus... more The main etiological agent, which is considered to cause acute hepatitis is the Hepatitis E virus. Northeast India has a huge reservoir of medicinal plants for treating jaundice using folk medicine (ITK). The current study focuses on model 32 sequences of HEV core protein submitted in GenBank (KJ879461-KJ879492) and to evaluate the docking pattern with 10 selected active compounds (Glycyrrhizin, Lignans, Piperine, Wedelolactone, Galactomannan, Zingerone, Cajanin, Catechin, Gallic acid, Vasicinone) which are found in various medicinal plants species. Using Open Babel, the protein sequences, as well as the structures, were first converted to PDB format. The Gene Bank provided these sequences [protein sequence id: AIH14833-AIH14864]. The sequences were analyzed by PROTPARAM for chemical compositions and RaptorX for structure. Finally, PASS was applied for toxicity determination and ADME for screening the safety. The Raptor X and PROTPARAM analysis showed stable protein structures of HEV core protein. The analysis categorically showed the composition of C, H, N, O, and S in the studies sequences in a ratio of 108: 171: 35: 36: 1. However, the best results were found in Bhui-amla (Lignans) with the highest docking score of 6944 against sequence ID AIH14838. Lipinski Rule was carried out for all the active compounds and was found to be excellent. The docking score and minimum energy associated show efficient activity of the studied compounds against HEV protein and generates baseline scientific data on the use of folk medicine and the possibility of their commercial utilization.
HSP gene polymorphism has been widely studied across the globe and particularly with reference to... more HSP gene polymorphism has been widely studied across the globe and particularly with reference to various liver diseases and HCC. Data pertaining to HSP gene polymorphism is lacking from NE India region and there are lacunae of information at the proteomic and bioinformatics level. NE region of India is known for its high incidence of cancer cases. The current study was designed to study the polymorphism of HSP genes in different liver disease cases from Guwahati, India and to predict 3D structure of the proteins from the studied genes by using different bioinformatics tools as well as calculating different physio-chemical information of those studied proteins. The DNA extraction was done followed by PCR amplification and RFLP. EMBOSS Transeq tool and I- TASSER SERVER were used to model the proteins of interest. The results showed that HSPA1B and HSPA1L polymorphisms are significantly associated with advanced stages of liver diseases. Stable protein 2D and 3D models were successfully proposed in this study. The current study highlights the importance of studying cancer critical gene and the need of bioinformatics softwares to generate data.
Aim: The current study was designed to investigate the genetic variation of cancer critical gene ... more Aim: The current study was designed to investigate the genetic variation of cancer critical gene namely GST in patients with HCC and healthy individuals from NE region of India. Consecutive 40 confirmed cases of HCC and 80 cases of age and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki guidelines. The DNA extraction was done from whole blood in all the cases by DNA extraction kit followed by PCR amplification and RFLP. Representative amplicons were sent for commercial sequencing. Results were analyzed using Mutation Taster. GSTM1 non-null genotype was found in 16 out of 40 (40%) cancer cases whereas it was found in 66 out of 80 (82.5%) control cases. GSTM1 null genotype was observed in 24 out of 40 (60%) cases and 14 out of 80 (17.5%) control cases, respectively. It was observed that people with GSTM1 null genotype had seven times higher risk of developing liver cancer compared to people harboring GSTM1 non-null type. GSTT1 non-null genotype was found in 29 out of 40 (72.5%) cancer cases whereas it was found in 72 out of 80 (90%) control cases. Again, GSTT1 null genotype was found in 11 out of 40 (27.5%) cases whereas it was 8 out of 80 (10%) control cases. It was observed that people with GSTT1 null genotype had roughly 3 times higher risk of developing liver cancer compared to people harboring GSTT1 non-null type. The study would be greatly beneficial if multiple cancer critical genes and their synergistic effect with GST gene polymorphism have been studied in a large population. Nonetheless, the present study will generate some baseline data pertaining to HCC in the northeastern population with distinct genetic makeup.
Solanum virginianum belongs to the family Solanaceae, with medicinal properties as per folk medic... more Solanum virginianum belongs to the family Solanaceae, with medicinal properties as per folk medicine. Solanum virginianum is used for treating in cough and fever in India, especially Manipur. The objective of the present study was to scientifically evaluate typhoid potential of Solanum virginianum. Phytochemicals present in leaves, stem, roots and fruit of Solanum virginianum was studied in the current study by biochemical tests. It was found that various phytochemical were present in high proportion alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, tannin, proteins and amino acids. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method. It was found that the aqueous extract of S. virginianum inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens. The most susceptible Gram-negative bacterial pathogens were Salmonella typhi leaf (2.5 cm), stem (2 cm), root (1.5 cm), fruit (1.4 cm), and Escherichia coli leaf (2.2 cm), stem (3.3 cm) root (1.2 cm), fruit (1.6 cm). Solanum virginianum inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus stem (2.6 cm), Klebsiella pneumonia leaf (1 cm), stem (1 cm), root (1 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).This study findings can be useful in considering the studied plant for preparing drugs in near future and also justifies the age old practice of ayurvedic treatment. However, large scale advanced studies followed by animal study needs to be carried out before large scale commercial application of the plant.
Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants... more Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants and have diverse protective properties .Most Phytochemicals like carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols have antimicrobial activity and serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens. In the present study, five indigenous plants of Assam namely Oldenlandia corymbosa, Ricinus communis, Lpomea aquatica, Xanthium strumarium, Mentha piperita were analyzed for various Phytochemicals present and their antimicrobial activity. Methods: Phytochemical screening tests was conducted for five plant species and found that extract contains a variety of Phytochemicals like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and reducing sugars and among which there is higher level of precipitation for phenol and flavonoids. As they are essential source of antimicrobial agents against pathogens, their extract were tested for its antimicrobial activity by well diffusion method using Nutrient agar against human pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. Results: The study plant extract of Xanthium strumarium(leaves, roots) and Mentha piperita(stem) had shown a strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the plant extract of Ricinus communis(leaves ,stem, roots), Lpomea aquatica (stem)had shown antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Oldenlandia corymbosa hadn't shown antimicrobial activity for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study provided evidence to confirm the presence of various medicinally important bioactive compounds or Phytochemicals that has got biological importance and it justifies their use in the traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases and this findings suggest that the selected plant extracts possesses antimicrobial properties that could be used for biological control of bacterial cultures and this bioactive compounds serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens.
There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated wi... more There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated with microorganisms. The range of microorganisms associated with outbreaks linked to fresh product encompasses bacteria, viruses and parasites. This study was undertaken to investigate microbial safety aspects of some fruits such as Mango (Mangifera indica), Plum (Prunus sp.), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Grapes (Vitis vinifera), Apple (Malus domestica) and Banana (Musa acuminate). The presence of different bacteria which were responsible for spoiling fruits was confirmed by various biochemical and microbial tests. The microorganisms isolated were characterized by VITEK analysis and identified. The results showed the presence of the bacteria like Enterobacter cloacae complex, Providencia rettgeri, Pantoea spp and Serratia plymuthica. The isolated strains were then tested against 19 different antibiotics to look into their antibiotic susceptibility. The fruits in Guwahati region are mainly spoiled by Enterobacter cloacae complex, though other organisms are also there such as Pantoea spp, Providencia rettgeri, Serratia plymuthica. Methods to control these microbes need to be framed and applied for long term storage of the fruits.
Centella asiatica and Oldenlandia corymbosa are in traditional medicinal use for thousands of yea... more Centella asiatica and Oldenlandia corymbosa are in traditional medicinal use for thousands of years. Centella asiatica is mainly used for wound healing and treating different skin condition whereas Oldenlandia corymbosa is used for the removing toxins as well as activating blood circulation etc. The present study was designed to identify different active compound present in both the plants and to look for their biological activity. GC-MS analysis was performed to identify different active compounds and their activity was identified using the previous literature.
Screening of phyto-chemicals and determination of total phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity of water extract of Camellia assamica leaves, 2023
The study involves cold extraction of the powdered dried leaves of Camellia assamica, which helps... more The study involves cold extraction of the powdered dried leaves of Camellia assamica, which helps in ensuring that all the plant components are extracted to the maximum for better outcome. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard procedure. Total phenolic content was determined using standard Folin-Ciocalteau's (FC) method. In vitro antioxidant property was analyzed using both DPPH method and H2O2 scavenging activity method. The alpha-amylase inhibition activity was used for evaluating the in-vitro anti-diabetic activity. The plant extract was used at different concentrations to ensure which concentration causes the highest inhibition. The phytochemical screening of the green tea extract showed positive results for steroids, Saponin, Tannins, Flavonoid, Phenols etc.The total phenolic content of aqueous extract for green tea is 630µg/ml of GAE or 0.63mg of phenol compound and the antioxidant analysis shows maximum inhibition at 250µg/ml concentration of water extract with a inhibition percentage of 76.5433 ±0.157% in case of H2O2 method whereas it was 73.9633 ±0.0693% of inhibition at 250µg/ml concentration of water extract with the DPPH method. The anti-diabetic property was maximum at 200µg/ml concentration of water extract with an inhibition percentage of 83.3533 ±0.0693%.
In traditional cultures all throughout the world, medicinal plants and their derivatives are wide... more In traditional cultures all throughout the world, medicinal plants and their derivatives are widely used, and they are also gaining popularity in modern society as healthy substitutes for synthetic chemicals. This review is a step towards gaining more understanding of Tagetes erecta's therapeutic effectiveness. Literature were searched in Google Scholar and PubMed using the term "Tagetes erecta AND biological activity" and a total of 38 references were selected for this study. Results have shown presence of different phytoconstituents which demonstrates a variety of pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, insecticidal, wound healing, anti-diabetic, anti-depressant etc.The findings in this study recommend that Tagetes erecta species may be studied further for its anti-microbial and wound healing activity.
In the recent years, the consumption of microgreens has increased among the people due to their h... more In the recent years, the consumption of microgreens has increased among the people due to their high nutritional value and thus there is a growing demand of it. The yield and quality of microgreens depend on different factors like soil condition, temperature etc. Microgreens can be grown in greenhouses, soil or soilless, organic or non-organic, solid or hydroponic. The present study was conducted on growing of two different microgreens samples in different soil conditions and to estimate its total protein and carbohydrate content on it. Three different soil samples were collected from different locations of Panikhaiti, Assam, India. Total two microgreen samples were grown with and without vermicompost with all the three soil samples. Results: It has been observed that the growth of Fenugreek microgreen is faster than that of red spinach microgreen. The soil with vermicompost has grown microgreen in a faster, healthier and taller manner than that of untreated soil. Total protein content of fenugreek is found to be higher while carbohydrate content is higher is red spinach. The data generated in this research may be used as region based reference for consumer choice as well as dieticians recommendation.
Northeast India, the reservoir of plant diversity is rich in medicinal and aromatic plants. A hug... more Northeast India, the reservoir of plant diversity is rich in medicinal and aromatic plants. A huge population here is still dependent on these medicinal plants for curing various ailments. Various diseases that require pharmaceutical medications are also associated with many risk factors. Extracts from such medicinal plants are capable of minimizing side effects caused by chemically synthesized drugs. The present study was conducted to detect the presence of various potent phytochemicals, evaluation of invitro antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activity from the leaf extracts of Allium odorum. Extraction was carried out using solvents with varied polarity. Various phytochemicals such as saponins, phenols, tannins, flavonoids etc were found to be present. The extract showed anti-microbial activity with a clear zone of inhibition of 2.5mm and 2.8mm against E. coli (gram negative) and S. aureus (gram positive) respectively for hexane; 5mm (E. coli) and 5.2mm (S. aureus) for acetone and 5.7mm (E. coli) and 6mm (S. aureus) for distilled water extracts. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated where 200µg/ml of hexane extract showed a maximum value of 68.20%. The above results conclude that leaves of Allium odorum possesses various pharmacologically active molecules which can be further
The study involves two methods of methanolic extraction of the powdered leaves, which ensure all ... more The study involves two methods of methanolic extraction of the powdered leaves, which ensure all the plant components of the extracted for better results. Phytochemical analysis from the extracts was performed by using standard protocols. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin–Ciocalteau's (FC) method. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the extracts was tested against E coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsilla sp. using agar disc diffusion method. Antioxidant property of the plant was evaluated using DPPH Method. The plant extracts were used at varying concentrations to ensure which plant extract and concentration causes the most inhibition. Phytochemical analysis of the extract indicated the present of phenol, tannin, terpenoid(except in heat extraction method of methanol extract) and carbohydrates while protein, flavonoid, steroidwere absent. The phenolic content in cold extraction of methanol extract is 360μg/ml of GAE or 0.36mg of phenolic compound and in heat extraction of ...
There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated wi... more There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated with microorganisms. The range of microorganisms associated with outbreaks linked to fresh product encompasses bacteria, viruses and parasites. This study was undertaken to investigate microbial safety aspects of some fruits such as Mango (Mangifera indica), Plum (Prunus sp.), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Grapes (Vitis vinifera), Apple (Malus domestica) and Banana (Musa acuminate). The presence of different bacteria which were responsible for spoiling fruits was confirmed by various biochemical and microbial tests. The microorganisms isolated were characterized by VITEK analysis and identified. The results showed the presence of the bacteria like Enterobacter cloacae complex, Providencia rettgeri, Pantoea spp and Serratia plymuthica. The isolated strains were then tested against 19 different antibiotics to look into their antibiotic susceptibility. The fruits in Guwahati region are mainly spoiled by Enterobacter cloacae complex, though other organisms are also there such as Pantoea spp, Providencia rettgeri, Serratia plymuthica. Methods to control these microbes need to be framed and applied for long term storage of the fruits.
Introduction: The rhizome, leaves and stem of Costus speciosus has been in use for a long time an... more Introduction: The rhizome, leaves and stem of Costus speciosus has been in use for a long time and is believed to have estrogenic, antibacterial, anti inflammatory, diuretic, anti diabetic and hepatoprotective property by the people of North East and especially in Assam. Aim: The current study was conducted to Extract, estimate and to compare the proteins and carbohydrates content from different parts of Costus speciosus and to look for the photochemical contents. Materials and methods: Extraction was carried out using 70% methanol for protein estimation while water extraction was done for carbohydrate quantification. Alcohol Test, Ring Test (Heller's Test)[ Qualitative tests], (Lowry's Method) and Modified Lowry's Method[ Quantitative tests] were performed to detect and estimate the total proteins while Fehling's Test, Benedict's Test, Molisch's Test [Qualitative tests] and Anthrone Method [Quantitative tests] were performed to detect and estimate the total ...
Introduction: Green synthesis of nanoparticles is a novel way to synthesize nanoparticles by usin... more Introduction: Green synthesis of nanoparticles is a novel way to synthesize nanoparticles by using biological sources. It is gaining attention due to its cost effectiveness, eco-friendly nature and large scale production possibilities. Again silver nanoparticles are of special interest to researcher due to its evocative physical and chemical properties. Aim: The study was designed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using the aqueous solution of Neptunia oleraceae fresh leaf extract and AgNO3. Materials and Methods: A fixed ratio of plant extract to metal ion was prepared and the colour change was observed that proved the formation of nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles synthesized were confirmed by their change of colour to dark brown due to the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance. The characterization was done by UV-VIS spectroscopy and X-RAY diffraction analysis. The size of the silver crystallites has been estimated using Debye Scherer formula. Stability of the nanopartic...
Open Access Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2017
Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants... more Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants and have diverse protective properties .Most Phytochemicals like carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols have antimicrobial activity and serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens. In the present study, five indigenous plants of Assam namely Oldenlandia corymbosa, Ricinus communis, Lpomea aquatica, Xanthium strumarium, Mentha piperita were analyzed for various Phytochemicals present and their antimicrobial activity. Methods: Phytochemical screening tests was conducted for five plant species and found that extract contains a variety of Phytochemicals like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and reducing sugars and among which there is higher level of precipitation for phenol and flavonoids. As they are essential source of antimicrobial agents against pathogens, their extract were tested for its antimicrobial activity by well diffusion method using Nutrient agar against human pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. Results: The study plant extract of Xanthium strumarium(leaves, roots) and Mentha piperita(stem) had shown a strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the plant extract of Ricinus communis(leaves ,stem, roots), Lpomea aquatica (stem)had shown antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Oldenlandia corymbosa hadn’t shown antimicrobial activity for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study provided evidence to confirm the presence of various medicinally important bioactive compounds or Phytochemicals that has got biological importance and it justifies their use in the traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases and this findings suggest that the selected plant extracts possesses antimicrobial properties that could be used for biological control of bacterial cultures and this bioactive compounds serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens.
Journal of Forensic Toxicology & Pharmacology, 2016
Phytochemical Analysis of Solanum virginianum and its Effect on Human Pathogenic Microbes with Sp... more Phytochemical Analysis of Solanum virginianum and its Effect on Human Pathogenic Microbes with Special Emphasis on Salmonella typhi Solanum virginianum belongs to the family Solanaceae, with medicinal properties as per folk medicine. Solanum virginianum is used for treating in cough and fever in India, especially Manipur. The objective of the present study was to scientifically evaluate typhoid potential of Solanum virginianum. Phytochemicals present in leaves, stem, roots and fruit of Solanum virginianum was studied in the current study by biochemical tests. It was found that various phytochemical were present in high proportion alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, tannin, proteins and amino acids. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method. It was found that the aqueous extract of S. virginianum inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens. The most susceptible Gram-negative bacterial pathogens were Salmonella typhi leaf (2.5 cm), stem (2 cm), root (1.5 cm), fruit (1.4 cm), and Escherichia coli leaf (2.2 cm), stem (3.3 cm) root (1.2 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).Solanum virginianum inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus stem (2.6 cm), Klebsiella pneumonia leaf (1 cm), stem (1 cm), root (1 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).This study findings can be useful in considering the studied plant for preparing drugs in near future and also justifies the age old practice of ayurvedic treatment. However, large scale advanced studies followed by animal study needs to be carried out before large scale commercial application of the plant.
Bioinformatics software development is a very fast and versatile sector. There are many utility s... more Bioinformatics software development is a very fast and versatile sector. There are many utility software already exists in the market but for faster development of such utility software we need reusable components. Component reusability is about building a library of frequently used component, thus allowing new programs to be assembled quickly from existing components. It has produced greater schedule and effect savings than any other practice. In this paper we have tried to design such a component which can find the restriction enzyme cut site in a given DNA sequence and also it can provide sequence of any given restriction enzyme
The main etiological agent, which is considered to cause acute hepatitis is the Hepatitis E virus... more The main etiological agent, which is considered to cause acute hepatitis is the Hepatitis E virus. Northeast India has a huge reservoir of medicinal plants for treating jaundice using folk medicine (ITK). The current study focuses on model 32 sequences of HEV core protein submitted in GenBank (KJ879461-KJ879492) and to evaluate the docking pattern with 10 selected active compounds (Glycyrrhizin, Lignans, Piperine, Wedelolactone, Galactomannan, Zingerone, Cajanin, Catechin, Gallic acid, Vasicinone) which are found in various medicinal plants species. Using Open Babel, the protein sequences, as well as the structures, were first converted to PDB format. The Gene Bank provided these sequences [protein sequence id: AIH14833-AIH14864]. The sequences were analyzed by PROTPARAM for chemical compositions and RaptorX for structure. Finally, PASS was applied for toxicity determination and ADME for screening the safety. The Raptor X and PROTPARAM analysis showed stable protein structures of HEV core protein. The analysis categorically showed the composition of C, H, N, O, and S in the studies sequences in a ratio of 108: 171: 35: 36: 1. However, the best results were found in Bhui-amla (Lignans) with the highest docking score of 6944 against sequence ID AIH14838. Lipinski Rule was carried out for all the active compounds and was found to be excellent. The docking score and minimum energy associated show efficient activity of the studied compounds against HEV protein and generates baseline scientific data on the use of folk medicine and the possibility of their commercial utilization.
HSP gene polymorphism has been widely studied across the globe and particularly with reference to... more HSP gene polymorphism has been widely studied across the globe and particularly with reference to various liver diseases and HCC. Data pertaining to HSP gene polymorphism is lacking from NE India region and there are lacunae of information at the proteomic and bioinformatics level. NE region of India is known for its high incidence of cancer cases. The current study was designed to study the polymorphism of HSP genes in different liver disease cases from Guwahati, India and to predict 3D structure of the proteins from the studied genes by using different bioinformatics tools as well as calculating different physio-chemical information of those studied proteins. The DNA extraction was done followed by PCR amplification and RFLP. EMBOSS Transeq tool and I- TASSER SERVER were used to model the proteins of interest. The results showed that HSPA1B and HSPA1L polymorphisms are significantly associated with advanced stages of liver diseases. Stable protein 2D and 3D models were successfully proposed in this study. The current study highlights the importance of studying cancer critical gene and the need of bioinformatics softwares to generate data.
Aim: The current study was designed to investigate the genetic variation of cancer critical gene ... more Aim: The current study was designed to investigate the genetic variation of cancer critical gene namely GST in patients with HCC and healthy individuals from NE region of India. Consecutive 40 confirmed cases of HCC and 80 cases of age and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki guidelines. The DNA extraction was done from whole blood in all the cases by DNA extraction kit followed by PCR amplification and RFLP. Representative amplicons were sent for commercial sequencing. Results were analyzed using Mutation Taster. GSTM1 non-null genotype was found in 16 out of 40 (40%) cancer cases whereas it was found in 66 out of 80 (82.5%) control cases. GSTM1 null genotype was observed in 24 out of 40 (60%) cases and 14 out of 80 (17.5%) control cases, respectively. It was observed that people with GSTM1 null genotype had seven times higher risk of developing liver cancer compared to people harboring GSTM1 non-null type. GSTT1 non-null genotype was found in 29 out of 40 (72.5%) cancer cases whereas it was found in 72 out of 80 (90%) control cases. Again, GSTT1 null genotype was found in 11 out of 40 (27.5%) cases whereas it was 8 out of 80 (10%) control cases. It was observed that people with GSTT1 null genotype had roughly 3 times higher risk of developing liver cancer compared to people harboring GSTT1 non-null type. The study would be greatly beneficial if multiple cancer critical genes and their synergistic effect with GST gene polymorphism have been studied in a large population. Nonetheless, the present study will generate some baseline data pertaining to HCC in the northeastern population with distinct genetic makeup.
Solanum virginianum belongs to the family Solanaceae, with medicinal properties as per folk medic... more Solanum virginianum belongs to the family Solanaceae, with medicinal properties as per folk medicine. Solanum virginianum is used for treating in cough and fever in India, especially Manipur. The objective of the present study was to scientifically evaluate typhoid potential of Solanum virginianum. Phytochemicals present in leaves, stem, roots and fruit of Solanum virginianum was studied in the current study by biochemical tests. It was found that various phytochemical were present in high proportion alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, tannin, proteins and amino acids. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method. It was found that the aqueous extract of S. virginianum inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens. The most susceptible Gram-negative bacterial pathogens were Salmonella typhi leaf (2.5 cm), stem (2 cm), root (1.5 cm), fruit (1.4 cm), and Escherichia coli leaf (2.2 cm), stem (3.3 cm) root (1.2 cm), fruit (1.6 cm). Solanum virginianum inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus stem (2.6 cm), Klebsiella pneumonia leaf (1 cm), stem (1 cm), root (1 cm), fruit (1.6 cm).This study findings can be useful in considering the studied plant for preparing drugs in near future and also justifies the age old practice of ayurvedic treatment. However, large scale advanced studies followed by animal study needs to be carried out before large scale commercial application of the plant.
Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants... more Introduction: Phytochemicals are non-nutritive, chemical compounds that occur naturally on plants and have diverse protective properties .Most Phytochemicals like carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols have antimicrobial activity and serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens. In the present study, five indigenous plants of Assam namely Oldenlandia corymbosa, Ricinus communis, Lpomea aquatica, Xanthium strumarium, Mentha piperita were analyzed for various Phytochemicals present and their antimicrobial activity. Methods: Phytochemical screening tests was conducted for five plant species and found that extract contains a variety of Phytochemicals like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and reducing sugars and among which there is higher level of precipitation for phenol and flavonoids. As they are essential source of antimicrobial agents against pathogens, their extract were tested for its antimicrobial activity by well diffusion method using Nutrient agar against human pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. Results: The study plant extract of Xanthium strumarium(leaves, roots) and Mentha piperita(stem) had shown a strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the plant extract of Ricinus communis(leaves ,stem, roots), Lpomea aquatica (stem)had shown antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Oldenlandia corymbosa hadn't shown antimicrobial activity for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study provided evidence to confirm the presence of various medicinally important bioactive compounds or Phytochemicals that has got biological importance and it justifies their use in the traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases and this findings suggest that the selected plant extracts possesses antimicrobial properties that could be used for biological control of bacterial cultures and this bioactive compounds serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against human pathogens.
There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated wi... more There is potentiality for a wide range of vegetables and fruit products to become contaminated with microorganisms. The range of microorganisms associated with outbreaks linked to fresh product encompasses bacteria, viruses and parasites. This study was undertaken to investigate microbial safety aspects of some fruits such as Mango (Mangifera indica), Plum (Prunus sp.), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Grapes (Vitis vinifera), Apple (Malus domestica) and Banana (Musa acuminate). The presence of different bacteria which were responsible for spoiling fruits was confirmed by various biochemical and microbial tests. The microorganisms isolated were characterized by VITEK analysis and identified. The results showed the presence of the bacteria like Enterobacter cloacae complex, Providencia rettgeri, Pantoea spp and Serratia plymuthica. The isolated strains were then tested against 19 different antibiotics to look into their antibiotic susceptibility. The fruits in Guwahati region are mainly spoiled by Enterobacter cloacae complex, though other organisms are also there such as Pantoea spp, Providencia rettgeri, Serratia plymuthica. Methods to control these microbes need to be framed and applied for long term storage of the fruits.
A large population in India
and North East India in particular depends on folk
medicine to treat ... more A large population in India and North East India in particular depends on folk medicine to treat any type of jaundice. Off late many incidence of drug induced liver disease has been reported. There is an urgent need to elucidate the scientific merit for the use of such traditional medicines
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Papers by Dr. PARTHA P R A T I M KALITA
liver diseases and HCC. Data pertaining to HSP gene polymorphism is lacking from NE India region and there
are lacunae of information at the proteomic and bioinformatics level. NE region of India is known for its high
incidence of cancer cases. The current study was designed to study the polymorphism of HSP genes in different
liver disease cases from Guwahati, India and to predict 3D structure of the proteins from the studied genes by
using different bioinformatics tools as well as calculating different physio-chemical information of those studied
proteins. The DNA extraction was done followed by PCR amplification and RFLP. EMBOSS Transeq tool and
I- TASSER SERVER were used to model the proteins of interest. The results showed that HSPA1B and
HSPA1L polymorphisms are significantly associated with advanced stages of liver diseases. Stable protein 2D
and 3D models were successfully proposed in this study. The current study highlights the importance of
studying cancer critical gene and the need of bioinformatics softwares to generate data.
liver diseases and HCC. Data pertaining to HSP gene polymorphism is lacking from NE India region and there
are lacunae of information at the proteomic and bioinformatics level. NE region of India is known for its high
incidence of cancer cases. The current study was designed to study the polymorphism of HSP genes in different
liver disease cases from Guwahati, India and to predict 3D structure of the proteins from the studied genes by
using different bioinformatics tools as well as calculating different physio-chemical information of those studied
proteins. The DNA extraction was done followed by PCR amplification and RFLP. EMBOSS Transeq tool and
I- TASSER SERVER were used to model the proteins of interest. The results showed that HSPA1B and
HSPA1L polymorphisms are significantly associated with advanced stages of liver diseases. Stable protein 2D
and 3D models were successfully proposed in this study. The current study highlights the importance of
studying cancer critical gene and the need of bioinformatics softwares to generate data.
and North East India in particular depends on folk
medicine to treat any type of jaundice. Off late many incidence of drug induced liver disease has been reported.
There is an urgent need to elucidate the scientific merit
for the use of such traditional medicines