Dreng Osama
Al-Azhar University, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty Member
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Culverts are often required under earth embankment to allow for the crossing of a watercourse, like streams, to prevent the road embankment from obstructing the natural waterway. The opening of the culvert is determined based on the... more
Culverts are often required under earth embankment to allow for the crossing of a watercourse, like streams, to prevent the road embankment from obstructing the natural waterway. The opening of the culvert is determined based on the waterway required to accommodate the design flood, whereas the thickness of the culvert section is designed based on the loads applied to the culvert. From the previous literature review, it is noted that the effect of haunch on the stresses of the culvert was not studied. Therefore, this research focuses on the impact of using haunches on the economy of the culvert design. This paper studies some design parameters of box culverts, such as the thickness of the haunch, the coefficient of earth pressure, the thickness of box culvert, and depth of fill on the top slab. The objectives show the effect of haunch on the stresses of the box culvert. The study investigated the variation in stresses and the cost comparison made for different width of the box culvert. The percentage reduction in the cost of culvert based on the presence of haunch is presented. At last, several significant conclusions are given based on numerical results as the presence of haunch is the best solution for decreasing the values of stresses from the economic point of view.
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This age is called communication age and the earth is considering a small village. Communication towers are required to carry the antennas and equipment necessary to maintain communication. They are designed to resist all loads, including... more
This age is called communication age and the earth is considering a small village. Communication towers are required to carry the antennas and equipment necessary to maintain communication. They are designed to resist all loads, including own weight, wind, and earthquakes. There are two types of towers, self supported and cable-supported. This paper proposes an analytical model to simulate the behavior of cable-supported towers subjected to lateral loads (wind load). A parametric study was carried out using 140 finite element models for towers and cables to investigate the significance of dimensions of cable. (diameter, Length and height) on the overall response
Research Interests: Computer Science and CRC
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. It can be modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which can... more
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. It can be modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which can beconveniently divided into two categories, those controlled by the stiffness of tethers, and thosecontrolled by the buoyancy. The former category includes motion in the vertical plane and consistsof heave, roll and pitch (stiff DOF); whereas the latter comprises the horizontal motions of surge, sway andyaw (flexible DOF). This paper investigates the nonlinear response of the Square TLP configuration under different random wave approach angles, 0 and 30. Random waves were generated according to Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum and acts on the structure in the surge direction. The hydrodynamic forces evaluation is based on the modified Morison equation. Coupling effect and added mass are considered in the developing of the equation of motion. The nonlinear equation of...
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ABSTRACT
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This paper focuses on the relationship between leakage opening areas and pressure heads for 90° long radius elbows under elastic limits using finite element analysis (SAP 2000). The results indicate that leakage opening areas grow... more
This paper focuses on the relationship between leakage opening areas and pressure heads for 90° long radius elbows under elastic limits using finite element analysis (SAP 2000). The results indicate that leakage opening areas grow linearly as the system pressure increases and the relation is described by the pressure–area slope (M). A sensitivity study was performed to show the effect of various parameters on M, as well as the leakage exponent (N). It was found that elbow internal diameter has the largest influence on the pressure–area slope, followed by the modulus of elasticity and finally elbow wall thickness. The longitudinal stress and Poisson’s ratio have a negligible effect on M. Furthermore, leak quantity is related to the pressure raised to a power ranging from 0.495 to 0.592. Regression analysis was used to derive an empirical equation to predict the pressure–area slope of round holes within elbows with different properties.
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The thrust block is one of the most widely recognized methods of resisting thrust forces. This type of infrastructure should be installed in bends, dead ends, tees and wyes. Thrust blocks perform the function of transferring thrust force... more
The thrust block is one of the most widely recognized methods of resisting thrust forces. This type of infrastructure should be installed in bends, dead ends, tees and wyes. Thrust blocks perform the function of transferring thrust force to the ground safely. Thrust block dimensions are designed based on hydrostatic pressures, bend angles, and soil properties in the surrounding area. Several codes exist for designing thrust blocks, but we focus on Egyptian code for design and implementation of pipelines for drinking water and sewage networks (ECDIPWSN) and the American Water Works Association (AWWA). In this methodology, the steps of thrust block design by the codes are demonstrated and applied individually to one of the published papers. The goal of the study was to find the optimum percentages between the dimensions of the block in the two codes and to compare the quantity of concrete after the block was designed by each code. Based on the research, it was found that the concrete ...
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The thrust block is one of the most widely recognized methods of resisting thrust forces. This type of infrastructure should be installed in bends, dead ends, tees and wyes. Thrust blocks perform the function of transferring thrust force... more
The thrust block is one of the most widely recognized methods of resisting thrust forces. This type of infrastructure should be installed in bends, dead ends, tees and wyes. Thrust blocks perform the function of transferring thrust force to the ground safely. Thrust block dimensions are designed based on hydrostatic pressures, bend angles, and soil properties in the surrounding area. Several codes exist for designing thrust blocks, but we focus on Egyptian code for design and implementation of pipelines for drinking water and sewage networks (ECDIPWSN) and the American Water Works Association (AWWA). In this methodology, the steps of thrust block design by the codes are demonstrated and applied individually to one of the published papers. The goal of the study was to find the optimum percentages between the dimensions of the block in the two codes and to compare the quantity of concrete after the block was designed by each code. Based on the research, it was found that the concrete amount of the block designed by AWWA was smaller than that designed by ECDIPWSN.
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A culvert is a crosswise and fully enclosed drainage structure that runs under a road. The amount of water flowing is the main role in determining the dimension of the opening and then which type of culvert, the area that is discharged... more
A culvert is a crosswise and fully enclosed drainage structure that runs under a road. The amount of water flowing is the main role in determining the dimension of the opening and then which type of culvert, the area that is discharged into it and how deep the culvert is being installed. Whereas the thickness of the culvert section is designed based on the loads applied to the culvert. Therefore, this research focuses on the impact of using haunches on the economy of the culvert design. The results show the effect of haunch on the stresses of the box culvert while prediction equations for most of the cases are provided. The study considered the cost comparison made for different width of the haunch.
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The use of a damping system is one of the seismic protection systems that improve the seismic response of structures. The proposed methodology estimates the location (which bay and which floor) where the dampers must be placed to... more
The use of a damping system is one of the seismic protection systems that improve the seismic response of structures. The proposed methodology estimates the location (which bay and which floor) where the dampers must be placed to dissipate the maximum energy. The goal is the cost reduction comparing the optimal place to a uniform damper placement (one damper per floor). The historical analysis of two earthquakes, El Centro and Altadena, was performed to investigate the optimum locations of dampers. Numerical simulations are performed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization method. Finally, several significant conclusions are given based on numerical results. The numerical cases based on the use of SolidWorks2016 and SAP2000 programs are modified by introducing unified mechanical properties. This made it possible to reflect the Eigen-nature of frame structures.
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Culverts are often required under earth embankment to allow for the crossing of a watercourse, like streams, to prevent the road embankment from obstructing the natural waterway. The opening of the culvert is determined based on the... more
Culverts are often required under earth embankment to allow for the crossing of a watercourse, like streams, to prevent the road embankment from obstructing the natural waterway. The opening of the culvert is determined based on the waterway required to accommodate the design flood, whereas the thickness of the culvert section is designed based on the loads applied to the culvert. From the previous literature review, it is noted that the effect of haunch on the stresses of the culvert was not studied. Therefore, this research focuses on the impact of using haunches on the economy of the culvert design. This paper studies some design parameters of box culverts, such as the thickness of the haunch, the coefficient of earth pressure, the thickness of box culvert, and depth of fill on the top slab. The objectives show the effect of haunch on the stresses of the box culvert. The study investigated the variation in stresses and the cost comparison made for different width of the box culvert. The percentage reduction in the cost of culvert based on the presence of haunch is presented. At last, several significant conclusions are given based on numerical results as the presence of haunch is the best solution for decreasing the values of stresses from the economic point of view.
Research Interests:
This paper focuses on the relationship between leakage opening areas and pressure heads for 90° long radius elbows under elastic limits using finite element analysis (SAP 2000). The results indicate that leakage opening areas grow... more
This paper focuses on the relationship between leakage opening areas and pressure heads for 90° long radius
elbows under elastic limits using finite element analysis (SAP 2000). The results indicate that leakage opening
areas grow linearly as the system pressure increases and the relation is described by the pressure–area slope
(M). A sensitivity study was performed to show the effect of various parameters on M, as well as the leakage
exponent (N). It was found that elbow internal diameter has the largest influence on the pressure–area slope,
followed by the modulus of elasticity and finally elbow wall thickness. The longitudinal stress and Poisson’s ratio
have a negligible effect on M. Furthermore, leak quantity is related to the pressure raised to a power ranging
from 0.495 to 0.592. Regression analysis was used to derive an empirical equation to predict the pressure–area
slope of round holes within elbows with different properties.
elbows under elastic limits using finite element analysis (SAP 2000). The results indicate that leakage opening
areas grow linearly as the system pressure increases and the relation is described by the pressure–area slope
(M). A sensitivity study was performed to show the effect of various parameters on M, as well as the leakage
exponent (N). It was found that elbow internal diameter has the largest influence on the pressure–area slope,
followed by the modulus of elasticity and finally elbow wall thickness. The longitudinal stress and Poisson’s ratio
have a negligible effect on M. Furthermore, leak quantity is related to the pressure raised to a power ranging
from 0.495 to 0.592. Regression analysis was used to derive an empirical equation to predict the pressure–area
slope of round holes within elbows with different properties.
Research Interests:
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. It can be modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which can... more
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. It can be modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which can beconveniently divided into two categories, those controlled by the stiffness of tethers, and thosecontrolled by the buoyancy. The former category includes motion in the vertical plane and consistsof heave, roll and pitch (stiff DOF); whereas the latter comprises the horizontal motions of surge, sway andyaw (flexible DOF). This paper investigates the nonlinear response of the Square TLP configuration under different random wave approach angles, 0 o and 30 o. Random waves were generated according to Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum and acts on the structure in the surge direction. The hydrodynamic forces evaluation is based on the modified Morison equation. Coupling effect and added mass are considered in the developing of the equation of motion. The nonlinear equation of motion is solved in the time domain utilizing the modified Euler scheme. Time history responses, phase planes, and Power spectrum densities (PSD) for the nonlinear responses for both approach angles are shown. It was found that, Variation of wave approach angle activates specific degrees of freedom like sway and roll which otherwise are not activated under unidirectional wave force.
Research Interests:
In 2015, there was one of the awful incidents in civil engineering. That was the collapse of the formwork strength of the building inside the Qassim University, resulting in the death and injury a number of engineers and workers. This is... more
In 2015, there was one of the awful incidents in civil engineering. That was the
collapse of the formwork strength of the building inside the Qassim University,
resulting in the death and injury a number of engineers and workers. This is just an
example of the long-recorded history which tells us about a large number of different
collapses of formwork, which resulted in the loss of many lives and equipment.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new vision for the design of formwork using
many different sectors to ensure access to the lowest possible cost, taking into
account the safety aspect. This goal can be achieved by certifying the stability of
the sectors when taking into account the effects of bending stresses, shear stresses,
and deflection. Calibration was achieved using the beforehand published method in
2000. This method is used to ensure the results obtained for the slab thickness less
than 15 cm then the results were extrapolated to include slabs with a larger thickness.
The results of the present search come out into a set of indicating curves point
to the required quantity of lumber for each sector. This strategy is much easier and
straightforward to help in the design process rather than using conventional
equations.
collapse of the formwork strength of the building inside the Qassim University,
resulting in the death and injury a number of engineers and workers. This is just an
example of the long-recorded history which tells us about a large number of different
collapses of formwork, which resulted in the loss of many lives and equipment.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new vision for the design of formwork using
many different sectors to ensure access to the lowest possible cost, taking into
account the safety aspect. This goal can be achieved by certifying the stability of
the sectors when taking into account the effects of bending stresses, shear stresses,
and deflection. Calibration was achieved using the beforehand published method in
2000. This method is used to ensure the results obtained for the slab thickness less
than 15 cm then the results were extrapolated to include slabs with a larger thickness.
The results of the present search come out into a set of indicating curves point
to the required quantity of lumber for each sector. This strategy is much easier and
straightforward to help in the design process rather than using conventional
equations.
This paper presents a developed three dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model, using ABAQUS software, to explore the effect of the reinforcing rebar distribution on the flexural strength for exterior beam-column joints. The results of... more
This paper presents a developed three dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model, using ABAQUS software, to explore the effect
of the reinforcing rebar distribution on the flexural strength for exterior beam-column joints. The results of the experimental tests
conducted by Rekha S. P. et al. [1], are used to validate the results of the developed FE model. Three exterior beam-column joint
specimens, have been experimentally investigated under the effect of static loading by Rekha S. P. et al. [1]. Each of the tested
specimen has the same reinforcement ratio but with varying bar diameters to allow for variable distribution of reinforcing rebar.
Three more beam-column joint specimens have been prepared exactly as the first three specimens but with beam of closer stirrups
spacing. The six specimens have been statically loaded reaching the failure load and hence the flexural strength was determined
for each. Six FE models of exterior beam-column joint are created simulating the former experimentally tested concrete joints.
The developed geometrically and material nonlinear 3D model is able to trace the load-displacement path for all the tested
concrete joints with adequate accuracy.
of the reinforcing rebar distribution on the flexural strength for exterior beam-column joints. The results of the experimental tests
conducted by Rekha S. P. et al. [1], are used to validate the results of the developed FE model. Three exterior beam-column joint
specimens, have been experimentally investigated under the effect of static loading by Rekha S. P. et al. [1]. Each of the tested
specimen has the same reinforcement ratio but with varying bar diameters to allow for variable distribution of reinforcing rebar.
Three more beam-column joint specimens have been prepared exactly as the first three specimens but with beam of closer stirrups
spacing. The six specimens have been statically loaded reaching the failure load and hence the flexural strength was determined
for each. Six FE models of exterior beam-column joint are created simulating the former experimentally tested concrete joints.
The developed geometrically and material nonlinear 3D model is able to trace the load-displacement path for all the tested
concrete joints with adequate accuracy.
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. It can be modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which can... more
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The
TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. It can be modeled as a rigid
body with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which can beconveniently divided into two
categories, those controlled by the stiffness of tethers, and thosecontrolled by the
buoyancy. The former category includes motion in the vertical plane and consistsof
heave, roll and pitch (stiff DOF); whereas the latter comprises the horizontal motions of
surge, sway andyaw (flexible DOF). This paper investigates the nonlinear response of
the Square TLP configuration under different random wave approach angles, 0o and
30o. Random waves were generated according to Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum and
acts on the structure in the surge direction. The hydrodynamic forces evaluation is
based on the modified Morison equation. Coupling effect and added mass are
considered in the developing of the equation of motion. The nonlinear equation of
motion is solved in the time domain utilizing the modified Euler scheme. Time history
responses, phase planes, and Power spectrum densities (PSD) for the nonlinear
responses for both approach angles are shown. It was found that, Variation of wave
approach angle activates specific degrees of freedom like sway and roll which
otherwise are not activated under unidirectional wave force.
TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. It can be modeled as a rigid
body with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which can beconveniently divided into two
categories, those controlled by the stiffness of tethers, and thosecontrolled by the
buoyancy. The former category includes motion in the vertical plane and consistsof
heave, roll and pitch (stiff DOF); whereas the latter comprises the horizontal motions of
surge, sway andyaw (flexible DOF). This paper investigates the nonlinear response of
the Square TLP configuration under different random wave approach angles, 0o and
30o. Random waves were generated according to Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum and
acts on the structure in the surge direction. The hydrodynamic forces evaluation is
based on the modified Morison equation. Coupling effect and added mass are
considered in the developing of the equation of motion. The nonlinear equation of
motion is solved in the time domain utilizing the modified Euler scheme. Time history
responses, phase planes, and Power spectrum densities (PSD) for the nonlinear
responses for both approach angles are shown. It was found that, Variation of wave
approach angle activates specific degrees of freedom like sway and roll which
otherwise are not activated under unidirectional wave force.
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The TLP is a compliant structure behaving like a floating one. This paper investigates the nonlinear response of the Square TLP configuration due to a... more
Tension leg platform (TLP) is a suitable type for very deep-water oil production. The TLP is a compliant structure
behaving like a floating one. This paper investigates the nonlinear response of the Square TLP configuration due to a
random sea waves. Random waves were generated according to Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum and acts on the structure in
the surge direction. The hydrodynamic forces evaluation is based on the modified Morison equation. Coupling effect and
added mass are considered in the developing of the equation of motion. The nonlinear equation of motion is solved in the
time domain utilizing the modified Euler scheme. Time history responses, phase planes, and Power spectrum densities
(PSD) for the nonlinear responses are shown. Since only uni-directional waves in the surge direction was considered in the
analysis, surge, heave and pitch degrees-of-freedom responses are influenced significantly.
behaving like a floating one. This paper investigates the nonlinear response of the Square TLP configuration due to a
random sea waves. Random waves were generated according to Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum and acts on the structure in
the surge direction. The hydrodynamic forces evaluation is based on the modified Morison equation. Coupling effect and
added mass are considered in the developing of the equation of motion. The nonlinear equation of motion is solved in the
time domain utilizing the modified Euler scheme. Time history responses, phase planes, and Power spectrum densities
(PSD) for the nonlinear responses are shown. Since only uni-directional waves in the surge direction was considered in the
analysis, surge, heave and pitch degrees-of-freedom responses are influenced significantly.
Several techniques for modeling the loads applied on the raft were studied in this research. The goal of this research is to study the effect of applying the load on the raft on the bending moments in the raft. Four models for the loads... more
Several techniques for modeling the loads applied on the raft were studied in this research. The goal of this research is to study the effect of applying the load on the raft on the bending moments in the raft. Four models for the loads are used, the first model considers the loads concentrated of the center of gravity of the column and acting directly on the raft, the second model considers the loads distributed on the area of the column, the third model considers the column as solid elements in the model and apply the load at the top of it, the fourth model considers a three dimensional model of the entire 5-story structure. All these models are made by SAP2000v14 finite element program. The results of this research outlined the large variation in straining actions among these models. Based on the results, the use of second model is recommended.
Elevated tanks are widely recognized to supply water to humans in the ordinary daily use but the great role of elevated tank is to supply water to control fires that usually occur from disasters and earthquakes, which cause a great deal... more
Elevated tanks are widely recognized to supply water to humans in the ordinary daily use but the great role of elevated tank is to supply water to control fires that usually occur from disasters and earthquakes, which cause a great deal of damage and loss of life. Therefore, the elevated tanks should remain functional in post-earthquake periods to ensure water supply in affected regions. This paper proposes an analytical model to simulate the behavior of the connection between the column and elevated tank. A parametric study is carried out on numerous finite element models of elevated tanks to investigate the behavior of the connection between the tank and columns. The parameters included the tank dimensions (diameter and height). The investigation is conducted using the Computer program "SAP2000V14”, A3-D FE model in the analysis. At the connection, the moments and normal forces in the slab are investigated as well as the normal force, shear force, bending moment and torsion in the beams.
This age is called communication age and the earth is considering a small village. Communication towers are required to carry the antennas and equipment necessary to maintain communication. They are designed to resist all loads, including... more
This age is called communication age and the earth is considering a small village.
Communication towers are required to carry the antennas and equipment necessary to maintain
communication. They are designed to resist all loads, including own weight, wind, and
earthquakes. There are two types of towers, self supported and cable-supported. This paper
proposes an analytical model to simulate the behavior of cable-supported towers subjected to
lateral loads (wind load). A parametric study was carried out using 140 finite element models
for towers and cables to investigate the significance of dimensions of cable. (diameter, Length and height) on the overall response
Communication towers are required to carry the antennas and equipment necessary to maintain
communication. They are designed to resist all loads, including own weight, wind, and
earthquakes. There are two types of towers, self supported and cable-supported. This paper
proposes an analytical model to simulate the behavior of cable-supported towers subjected to
lateral loads (wind load). A parametric study was carried out using 140 finite element models
for towers and cables to investigate the significance of dimensions of cable. (diameter, Length and height) on the overall response
Since the force generated in special pieces as elbows, fittings, branches, reducers and valves …. etc. due to change of flow direction, velocity, pipe diameter and internal pressure affect pipe stability in nature, thrust blocks are... more
Since the force generated in special pieces as elbows, fittings, branches, reducers and
valves …. etc. due to change of flow direction, velocity, pipe diameter and internal pressure
affect pipe stability in nature, thrust blocks are designed to safeguard any movement that
may occur due to this force. This research investigate the economical dimensions that can
be used against the main variables which soil characteristics, angle of elbow, static liquid
pressure and pipe diameter. Therefore, different scenarios for block dimension, soil density,
pipe diameter and internal pressure are used to gained factor of safety to reach the most
economical design of these blocks.
valves …. etc. due to change of flow direction, velocity, pipe diameter and internal pressure
affect pipe stability in nature, thrust blocks are designed to safeguard any movement that
may occur due to this force. This research investigate the economical dimensions that can
be used against the main variables which soil characteristics, angle of elbow, static liquid
pressure and pipe diameter. Therefore, different scenarios for block dimension, soil density,
pipe diameter and internal pressure are used to gained factor of safety to reach the most
economical design of these blocks.
In this paper, the influence of aspect ratio, number of layers and orientation angle is examined on laminated composite plates with respect to stresses and displacements. Comparative study is conducted to investigate the effect of aspect... more
In this paper, the influence of aspect ratio, number of layers and orientation angle is
examined on laminated composite plates with respect to stresses and displacements.
Comparative study is conducted to investigate the effect of aspect ratio, number of
layers and orientation angle on the behavior of stresses and deflections of simply
supported laminated composite plates under uniformly distributed load using the finite
element system LUSAS 13.5.
examined on laminated composite plates with respect to stresses and displacements.
Comparative study is conducted to investigate the effect of aspect ratio, number of
layers and orientation angle on the behavior of stresses and deflections of simply
supported laminated composite plates under uniformly distributed load using the finite
element system LUSAS 13.5.
In this research, several techniques for modeling columns in finite element analysis of flat slabs were explored. A flat slab consisting of 3 spans in the X-direction and 2 spans in the Y-direction was analyzed using the SAP2000 finite... more
In this research, several techniques for modeling columns in finite element analysis of flat slabs
were explored. A flat slab consisting of 3 spans in the X-direction and 2 spans in the Y-direction
was analyzed using the SAP2000 finite element program. A parametric study was conducted to
investigate the effect of the column modeling technique on the negative moment over the
columns. For each modeling technique the lengths of adjacent spans were varied to study the
effect of this variation on the values of the negative moments over the columns. It was noticed
that there was a considerable variation between the results obtained using different techniques
especially in cases were the difference in adjacent spans was large. Based on these results,
guidelines for choosing a finite elements modeling technique for columns in flat slabs are
proposed.
were explored. A flat slab consisting of 3 spans in the X-direction and 2 spans in the Y-direction
was analyzed using the SAP2000 finite element program. A parametric study was conducted to
investigate the effect of the column modeling technique on the negative moment over the
columns. For each modeling technique the lengths of adjacent spans were varied to study the
effect of this variation on the values of the negative moments over the columns. It was noticed
that there was a considerable variation between the results obtained using different techniques
especially in cases were the difference in adjacent spans was large. Based on these results,
guidelines for choosing a finite elements modeling technique for columns in flat slabs are
proposed.
The beams are considered as a common element in our practical life and the cost of steel reinforcement is high. Thus, this paper searches for the economic percentage of reinforcement of R.C. sections. The beam is constrained by two hinged... more
The beams are considered as a common element in our practical life and the cost of
steel reinforcement is high. Thus, this paper searches for the economic percentage of
reinforcement of R.C. sections. The beam is constrained by two hinged supports in the first
model and is constrained by roller support at one end and hinged support at the other
end in the second model. The effect of reinforcement on the failure load of reinforced
concrete beams is studied to obtain the best economic percentage of reinforcement. A
parametric study was carried out on 480 finite element models of reinforced concrete
beams to investigate the significance of beam dimensions (length, depth and width), beam
supports and the percentage reinforcement on the failure load. The investigation was conducted using the Computer program "OpenSeeS" [2], which is a finite element education package capable of performing the nonlinear analysis. This paper presents curves for estimating the
difference in failure load between the minimum and maximum percentages of reinforcement.
steel reinforcement is high. Thus, this paper searches for the economic percentage of
reinforcement of R.C. sections. The beam is constrained by two hinged supports in the first
model and is constrained by roller support at one end and hinged support at the other
end in the second model. The effect of reinforcement on the failure load of reinforced
concrete beams is studied to obtain the best economic percentage of reinforcement. A
parametric study was carried out on 480 finite element models of reinforced concrete
beams to investigate the significance of beam dimensions (length, depth and width), beam
supports and the percentage reinforcement on the failure load. The investigation was conducted using the Computer program "OpenSeeS" [2], which is a finite element education package capable of performing the nonlinear analysis. This paper presents curves for estimating the
difference in failure load between the minimum and maximum percentages of reinforcement.
Reinforced concrete structural walls are widely recognized to provide adequate lateral load resistance and drift control for multi-story buildings in seismic regions. If properly designed and detailed, they can exhibit high ductility and... more
Reinforced concrete structural walls are widely recognized to provide adequate lateral load resistance and drift control for multi-story buildings in seismic regions. If properly designed and detailed, they can exhibit high ductility and excellent energy dissipation capacity. This paper proposes an analytical model to simulate the behavior of reinforced concrete walls subjected to lateral loads when supported at the top by slab and at the bottom by footing. A parametric study was carried out on 1225 finite element models of reinforced concrete shear walls to investigate the significance of wall and slab dimensions on load transfer. The parameters included the wall dimensions (length and thickness) and the slab dimensions (length, width and thickness). The investigation was conducted using the Computer program "OpenSeeS" [1], which is a finite element education package capable of performing nonlinear analysis of concrete shear walls under lateral loads. This paper presents a formula for estimating the difference of drift between cantilever shear wall and shear wall with slab subjected to lateral loads .