Sociology

Modal sosial tidak saja berdampak positif dalam pengertian memperkuat diri namun juga dapat berdampak negatif jika elemen jaringan, norma dan kepercayaan yang menjadi prasyarat agar dapat saling memperkuat diri tidak terpenuhi. Berbagai aksi kolektif yang dilakukan warga dalam mengatasi dampak bencana gempa bumi terbukti dapat menjadi kekuatan bersama dan pembangkit dari keterpurukan. Aksi kolektif  yang dipandu oleh pemimpin dengan pengetahuan yang dilandasi dengan kesadaran akan kondisi lingkunganya serta ditunjang oleh kemampuan dalam membentuk konsensus untuk mencapai kesepakatan-kesepakatan di antara anggota kelompok menjadi faktor penting bagi munculnya masyarakat aktif. Peran individu dalam institusi sosial juga ikut mendorong warga korban bencana menjadi masyarakat aktif yang dapat menentukan sendiri nasib mereka dan mengubah hukum sosial jika diperlukan. Namun begitu ketika modal sosial warga korban bencana dapat menjadi melemah ketika bersentuhan dengan kepentingan pihak eksternal.

Disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation sounds familiar as program implemented by NGOs in many places recently. Even though the existence of NGO in West Sumatra has been started since 80s and yet activities related to disaster risk reduction efforts began right after earthquake and tsunami devastated Aceh on December 26th, 2004. Not long after that several earthquakes hit like in Nias on March 2005, 8.7 SR; on March 2007, 6.2 SR earthquake as impact of Sumatra fault activity, precisely at Sumani and Sianok segment, followed by 6.3 SR earthquake occured on September 2007 in Bengkulu, on September 20, 2009 in West Sumatra and destroyed 7 districts/municipalities and on October 26th, 2010 in Mentawai Island which was follow by tsunami.
The above disaster incidents made NGOs activists who previously volunteers in devastated area to find the missing people and distribute logistic and other equipment’s realize the important to do efforts to minimize disaster risk. It is related to the role of NGOs that attached to themselves as to conduct social transformation efforts against condition of partiality, inequity or life threatened among community.
The awareness of the importance to do disaster risk reduction efforts is stronger and develops post September 30th, 2009 earthquake since many foreign aid agencies, humanitarian agencies and NGOs promoting disaster risk disaster issues. Current situation shows that post the establishing West Sumatra DRR Forum, that is partner of Local Agency of Disaster Management (BPBD) and NGOS and other stake holders in DRR mainstreaming in every development sector, and the integration of climate change adaptation issue into DRR make the works of DRR in West Sumatra are richer, varies and makes the actors of DRR in West Sumatra are optimist.
However, many obstacles found in the journey. It relates to capacity, resources, communication and coordination barrier due to sectoral ego. NGOs’ activists are still learning and keep on doing efforts to build disaster resilience in community. They should do it side by side with government, private sector, the press and other DRR actors so that all efforts of reducing disaster risk will be more effective and efficient in the future.

Keywords: Role, NGO, DRR

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