Ph.D in History. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, National Academy of Science, Republic of Armenia Phone: +37410565884 Address: Yerevan, 0025, Charents st.15
The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed... more The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed from burial No. 19. The deceased was buried in an unusual position. In this article, we characterise the pathological bony changes indicative of tuberculous spondylitis. The skeleton was subject to a detailed macroscopic investigation. Besides age at death estimation and sex determination, a careful palaeopathological evaluation was performed on the bone remains. In addition, volumetric (3D) computed tomography was carried out on four lumbar vertebrae (L2-5) to complement the macromorphology-based diagnosis.
Аннотация. В работе приводятся сведения о поле и возрасте умерших из трех некрополей одной локаль... more Аннотация. В работе приводятся сведения о поле и возрасте умерших из трех некрополей одной локальной области Армении-Лори. Серии, привлеченные для анализа, включают скелетные останки 134 индивидов. Все три некрополя показали различные результаты по средней продолжительности жизни, детской смертности, пикам смертности. Они отличаются процентным соотношением мужчин и женщин и представительностью финальной возрастной когорты. Сходство лишь в общей тенденции-малой смертности детей и доживаемости мужчин до старческого возраста. Могильники имеют отличительные признаки: высокий средний возраст смерти и средние значения возраста смерти без учета детей. Межгрупповой анализ проведен с использованием метода главных компонент многомерной статистики. К сериям из провинции Лори наиболее близки более ранние выборки хвалынской и трипольской культур. Ключевые слова: Армения, эпоха поздней бронзы и раннего железного века, археология, палеодемография, некрополь, возрастная когорта, средняя продолжительность жизни, процент детской смертности, пик смертности.
Since ancient times, women have been seen primarily as keepers of the home, but this has not prev... more Since ancient times, women have been seen primarily as keepers of the home, but this has not prevented them from showing courage throughout history. Most often, women took part in battles when their home, territory or country was attacked. Anthropological material was obtained from the Jrapi cemetery as a result of the 2013-2022 rescue archaeological work in northwestern Armenia (Shirak Province). The female burials from the 8th to 6th century BC in the cemetery contained weapons. The anthropological study used a combination of visual inspection and radiography. The article lists the types of injuries found in the skeletal bones of the women. The consequences of the trauma suffered by the women are presented as ante-mortem and peri-mortem injuries. Their nature (head injuries, arrow and weapon wounds) indicate a violent event that led to serious injury or death of these women. These data provide evidence of the paramilitary nature of the local population.
The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed... more The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed from burial No. 19. The deceased was buried in an unusual position. In this article, we characterize the pathological bony changes indicative of tuberculous spondylitis. The skeleton was subject to a detailed macroscopic investigation. Besides age at death estimation and sex determination, a careful palaeopathological evaluation was performed on the bone remains. In addition, volumetric (3D) computed tomography was carried out on four lumbar vertebrae (L2-5) to complement the macromorphology-based diagnosis.
Информация, которой я хочу поделиться, связана с фотографией одного изосновоположников русской, с... more Информация, которой я хочу поделиться, связана с фотографией одного изосновоположников русской, советской школы антропологии – В.В. Бунака. Рассматривать старыефотографии – дело интересное и увлекательное, ведь они в некоторых случаях дают возможностьприкоснуться к прошлому, проследить различные эпизоды жизни людей и истории страны, однакодля этого необходима как уверенность в достоверности фотографии, даты ее производства, так иправильная интерпретация изображенного на ней. Так, например, долгие годы считалось, чтоизвестная фотография В.В. Бунака сделана на фоне останков армян – жертв геноцида. В статьеговорится о монографии В.В. Бунака «Crania Armenica» и приведены характерные особенностиарменоидных черепов. По мнению автора, исследование разных источников, многолетний стаж вобласти антропологии дают основание заключить, что кости скелетов на фотографии не могутпринадлежать истребленному армянскому населению.
Osteological data from Late Bronze a nad Early Iron Ages skeletal series provide insight into hea... more Osteological data from Late Bronze a nad Early Iron Ages skeletal series provide insight into health, disease, and stress levels in Bardzryal site (Armenia, Lori Region). The sample was recovered during excavations in 2009 and 2018. Fifty-five skeletons from burial ground Bardzryal were analyzed macroscopically and X-ray for pathological conditions such as traumatic injuries, trepanation, infectious disease, and dental pathology. This study has shown that average age at death was relatively high. Life expectancy at birth for the Bardzryal population is 36.3 years. Traumatic injuries appear to have been common (23.7 %). Six individuals show evidence of strenuous physical activity. Recent discoveries in Lori province have revealed that this area represents one of the most active centers of cultural transformation in the medical field. The Bardzryal individuals (2 cases) represent an important example of successful surgery in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages. Cases of benign neoplasm's observed in group (3 individuals) should be viewed as non-life-threatening disorders. Bardzryal site showed a high frequency of auditory exostosis (54.6%). Four men from this cemetery are of special interest owing to the presence of lesions associated with a chronic ear infection. Тuberculosis (33.3%), brain abscess (36.4%), chronic osteomyelitis (1 individual) also were present in the Bardzryal population. The dental pathology conditions of this population were numerous. Agriculture introduced people to carbohydrates, or sugars, which affect the teeth and cause dental caries (29.04%). The staple diet of ancient population from Lori Region (Shnogh River) consisted of wine, bread, vegetables, and fruits.
В статье рассматриваются эпохальные изменения oстеометрических признаков в Армении. В I и II пер... more В статье рассматриваются эпохальные изменения oстеометрических признаков в Армении. В I и II периодах большая часть мужских скелетов характеризуются крепким телосложением, развитие их костно-мускульного рельефа связано со стрельбой из лука и верховой ездой. В III периоде население неоднородное, прослеживается некоторое отличие в физическом развитии. Длина тела в женских группах стабильна. Наблюдается сходство мужской группы I и V периодов, к ним примыкают группы II и IV периодов. Максимальные различия фиксируются с характеристиками III периода. Женская группа II периода имеет сходство с индивидами III периода, к ним близки группы I и V периодов. Максимальные различия фиксируются с характеристиками IV периода. Эпохальные колебания длины тела определяют уровень межпопуляционной изменчивости и являются проявлением микроэволюционного процесса, происходящего в популяциях человека.
Исследованы антропологические материалы 9 индивидуумов раннесредневековойкультуры из Армении. Исс... more Исследованы антропологические материалы 9 индивидуумов раннесредневековойкультуры из Армении. Исследование костных останков проводилось комплексно в кон-тексте интегративной антропологии, что является объединением двух ее разделов —физической антропологии и палеопатологии. Для распознавания и описания патологических состояний костей применялись макроскопический, рентгеновский и гистологический методы исследования. Индивиды, перезахароненные у церкови Сурб Вар-дана, являются носителями традиций преднамеренной и непреднамеренной деформа-ции головы. Скелеты обладают характеристиками южноевропеоидного типа. Остеологический анализ позволяет констатировать у индивидов высокий рост и крепкое телосложение. Исследование костно-мышечного рельефа позволяет зафиксировать ин-дикаторы механического стресса, связанные с верховой ездой. Травматические повре-ждения, обнаруженные на скелетах, не повлекшие за собой смерти, могли возникнутькак при ведении военных операций, так и при «бытовых» действиях.
Аннотация. Публикуются предварительные результаты антропологического иссле дования костных останк... more Аннотация. Публикуются предварительные результаты антропологического иссле дования костных останков, полученных при раскопках средневековых памятников на территории Армении. Исследование осуществлялось путем визуального осмотра скелетов, их измерения, описания. В основу работы положены классические краниометрические, краниоскопические, одонтологические, остеологические и палеопатологические методы исследования. Степень развития мышечного рельефа указывает на значительные физические нагрузки в процессе трудовой деятельности. Наличие затылочных структур связано с подъемом и перемещением тяжелых грузов. Выявлены следы патологических процессов на скелетах, и реконструирована их этиология. В структуре палеопатологического профиля групп преобладают такие стрессовые маркеры, как сribra orbitalia, эмалевая гипоплазия, аномалии и травмы. Прижизненные травмы связаны с конфликтными ситуациями на бытовой почве. В результате проведенной работы удалось установить важные особенности жизнедеятельности групп, определить половозрастные показатели, антропогенетические характеристики и особенности распространения заболеваний.
Thirty-two skeletons from burial ground Bakheri chala were analysed macroscopically for pathologi... more Thirty-two skeletons from burial ground Bakheri chala were analysed macroscopically for pathological conditions such as trepanation, traumatic injuries, infectious disease and dental pathology. This study has shown that average age at death was relatively high. Trepanation with rectangular sawing for the first time found in the Armenia at two individuals. Trauma to the skull was common, which suggests a high level of inter-personal violence. We here report a case of decapitation. Bakheri chala site showed a high frequency of auditory exostosis. The dental pathology conditions of this population were numerous. Agriculture introduced people to carbohydrates, or sugars, which affect the teeth and cause dental caries. The staple diet of ancient population from Shnogh river consisted of wine, bread, vegetables, and fruits. Males do show a slightly higher rate of wear than females possibly suggesting a greater proportion of bread in the diet of males.
Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asi... more Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asia since the Bronze Age that can be complemented by genetics. Mycenaean period elites in Greece did not differ from the general population and included both people with some steppe ancestry and others, like the Griffin Warrior, without it. Similarly, people in the central area of the Urartian Kingdom around Lake Van lacked the steppe ancestry characteristic of the kingdom’s northern provinces. Anatolia exhibited extraordinary continuity down to the Roman and Byzantine periods, with its people serving as the demographic core of much of the Roman Empire, including the city of Rome itself. During medieval times, migrations associated with Slavic and Turkic speakers profoundly affected the region.
This paper identifies the presence of palate cleft in the individual from Middle Bronze Age and L... more This paper identifies the presence of palate cleft in the individual from Middle Bronze Age and Late Bronze Age in the Armenia. The remains of skeleton from Lchashen site (burial 221/2), comprise the skull and post-cranial skeleton of a female 30-39 years. Macroscopic physical examination revealed that individual suffered from inflammation. The study reveals that inflammation possibly caused by because of sinusitis or inhaling polluted air for a long duration. In addition, we have seen skeletal evidence for pulmonary disease: tuberculosis. The female from Lchashen led a physically strenuous lifestyle
Ancient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European population structure changed d... more Ancient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European population structure changed dramatically in the prehistoric period (14,000-3,000 years before present, YBP), reflecting the widespread introduction of Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age Steppe ancestries. However, little is known about how population structure changed in the historical period onward (3,000 YBP - present). To address this, we collected whole genomes from 204 individuals from Europe and the Mediterranean, many of which are the first historical period genomes from their region (e.g. Armenia, France). We found that most regions show remarkable inter-individual heterogeneity. Around 8% of historical individuals carry ancestry uncommon in the region where they were sampled, some indicating cross-Mediterranean contacts. Despite this high level of mobility, overall population structure across western Eurasia is relatively stable through the historical period up to the present, mirroring the geographic map. We ...
This article is about unusual individuals of the 9th–11th centuries from Dvin (Armenia), among wh... more This article is about unusual individuals of the 9th–11th centuries from Dvin (Armenia), among which traces of delay of growth processes were revealed. The paper analyzes individual features of craniological, cranioscopic, odontological, osteological and paleopathological characteristics of two individuals. The research of bones of the skeleton showed presence of serious pathologies, unrepresentative for so young age, related to excessive exercise stresses. Harris lines, or growth arrest lines are clearly seen on Х-ray images of two diaphyses of tibial bones. Another marker of growth delays (enamel hypoplasia) is also found in the individuals
Subject to discovery and description being cases of trepanations with representatives of late Bro... more Subject to discovery and description being cases of trepanations with representatives of late Bronze Age and early Iron Age from the territory of Armenia. Totally, subject to investigation being 130 crania from 6 burial sites. Eight of the identified perforations are located on parietal bones, and one each perforation - on temporal and occipital bones. The crania belong to 6 males and 1 female, with one cranium not identified on grounds of sex, as well as to 1 child (aged 8–10). The males’ age: from 18 up to 60, the female’s age: 25–30. Symbolic trepanations - cuts on occipital bones - being identified with 15 individuals; while 3 individuals being fixed with surface abnormalities of the external bone compact, resembling «scraping». Besides, the investigated materials revealed two possible. cases of posthumous trepanation. Обнаружены и описаны случаи трепанации у представителей населения эпохи поздней бронзы и раннего железного века территории Армении. Всего исследовано 130 черепов из 6 могильников. Восемь обнаруженных перфораций располагаются на теменных костях, по одной — на височной и затылочной костях. Черепа принадлежат 6 мужчинам в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет, женщине 25–30 лет и ребенку 8–10 лет, у одного индивида пол не определен. Символические трепанации — порезы на теменных костях — обнаружены у 15 индивидов, у трех зафиксированы поверхностные нарушения внешней компакты, похожие на «выскабливания». Выявлены два возможных случая посмертной трепанации.
The Armenia is well known for its archaeological richness and its frequent earthquakes. Recent ex... more The Armenia is well known for its archaeological richness and its frequent earthquakes. Recent excavations at Dvin of Armenia have revealed a medieval building as well as domestic and ceremonial structures spanning the periods in the 12th and 13th Centuries. The present paper reviews several of damage that can be attributed with high certainty to earthquakes. Body of human and artifacts, which are found beneath collapsed ceiling, indicate a sudden unexpected destruction, typical of earthquakes. The presence of diseases (periostitis, enamel hypoplasia, mastoiditis, tuberculosis) showed that were no distinctive health in female. The she also showed evidence for muscular trauma as a result of repetitive activities, suggesting that it must have been physically active. At the proximal end of the femur belonging to the individual, there are some enthesopathies previously noted as common in horse riders. The biological analysis of the remains has demonstrated that the female suffered from ...
Antropological data from a (n=140) Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age skeletal series provide ins... more Antropological data from a (n=140) Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age skeletal series provide insight into health, disease, and stress levels in Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age in Armenia. The samples were recovered from the Lori region during excavations in 2009 and 2015. Macroscopic (observational) analysis of the teeth relied on inspection and exploration of the teeth in their totality. The southern gracile type is characteristic for individuals of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age from Lori region. The Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age was a time of greater nutritional stress. The most common findings were the dental caries with related complications and enamel hypoplasias.
The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed... more The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed from burial No. 19. The deceased was buried in an unusual position. In this article, we characterise the pathological bony changes indicative of tuberculous spondylitis. The skeleton was subject to a detailed macroscopic investigation. Besides age at death estimation and sex determination, a careful palaeopathological evaluation was performed on the bone remains. In addition, volumetric (3D) computed tomography was carried out on four lumbar vertebrae (L2-5) to complement the macromorphology-based diagnosis.
Аннотация. В работе приводятся сведения о поле и возрасте умерших из трех некрополей одной локаль... more Аннотация. В работе приводятся сведения о поле и возрасте умерших из трех некрополей одной локальной области Армении-Лори. Серии, привлеченные для анализа, включают скелетные останки 134 индивидов. Все три некрополя показали различные результаты по средней продолжительности жизни, детской смертности, пикам смертности. Они отличаются процентным соотношением мужчин и женщин и представительностью финальной возрастной когорты. Сходство лишь в общей тенденции-малой смертности детей и доживаемости мужчин до старческого возраста. Могильники имеют отличительные признаки: высокий средний возраст смерти и средние значения возраста смерти без учета детей. Межгрупповой анализ проведен с использованием метода главных компонент многомерной статистики. К сериям из провинции Лори наиболее близки более ранние выборки хвалынской и трипольской культур. Ключевые слова: Армения, эпоха поздней бронзы и раннего железного века, археология, палеодемография, некрополь, возрастная когорта, средняя продолжительность жизни, процент детской смертности, пик смертности.
Since ancient times, women have been seen primarily as keepers of the home, but this has not prev... more Since ancient times, women have been seen primarily as keepers of the home, but this has not prevented them from showing courage throughout history. Most often, women took part in battles when their home, territory or country was attacked. Anthropological material was obtained from the Jrapi cemetery as a result of the 2013-2022 rescue archaeological work in northwestern Armenia (Shirak Province). The female burials from the 8th to 6th century BC in the cemetery contained weapons. The anthropological study used a combination of visual inspection and radiography. The article lists the types of injuries found in the skeletal bones of the women. The consequences of the trauma suffered by the women are presented as ante-mortem and peri-mortem injuries. Their nature (head injuries, arrow and weapon wounds) indicate a violent event that led to serious injury or death of these women. These data provide evidence of the paramilitary nature of the local population.
The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed... more The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed from burial No. 19. The deceased was buried in an unusual position. In this article, we characterize the pathological bony changes indicative of tuberculous spondylitis. The skeleton was subject to a detailed macroscopic investigation. Besides age at death estimation and sex determination, a careful palaeopathological evaluation was performed on the bone remains. In addition, volumetric (3D) computed tomography was carried out on four lumbar vertebrae (L2-5) to complement the macromorphology-based diagnosis.
Информация, которой я хочу поделиться, связана с фотографией одного изосновоположников русской, с... more Информация, которой я хочу поделиться, связана с фотографией одного изосновоположников русской, советской школы антропологии – В.В. Бунака. Рассматривать старыефотографии – дело интересное и увлекательное, ведь они в некоторых случаях дают возможностьприкоснуться к прошлому, проследить различные эпизоды жизни людей и истории страны, однакодля этого необходима как уверенность в достоверности фотографии, даты ее производства, так иправильная интерпретация изображенного на ней. Так, например, долгие годы считалось, чтоизвестная фотография В.В. Бунака сделана на фоне останков армян – жертв геноцида. В статьеговорится о монографии В.В. Бунака «Crania Armenica» и приведены характерные особенностиарменоидных черепов. По мнению автора, исследование разных источников, многолетний стаж вобласти антропологии дают основание заключить, что кости скелетов на фотографии не могутпринадлежать истребленному армянскому населению.
Osteological data from Late Bronze a nad Early Iron Ages skeletal series provide insight into hea... more Osteological data from Late Bronze a nad Early Iron Ages skeletal series provide insight into health, disease, and stress levels in Bardzryal site (Armenia, Lori Region). The sample was recovered during excavations in 2009 and 2018. Fifty-five skeletons from burial ground Bardzryal were analyzed macroscopically and X-ray for pathological conditions such as traumatic injuries, trepanation, infectious disease, and dental pathology. This study has shown that average age at death was relatively high. Life expectancy at birth for the Bardzryal population is 36.3 years. Traumatic injuries appear to have been common (23.7 %). Six individuals show evidence of strenuous physical activity. Recent discoveries in Lori province have revealed that this area represents one of the most active centers of cultural transformation in the medical field. The Bardzryal individuals (2 cases) represent an important example of successful surgery in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages. Cases of benign neoplasm's observed in group (3 individuals) should be viewed as non-life-threatening disorders. Bardzryal site showed a high frequency of auditory exostosis (54.6%). Four men from this cemetery are of special interest owing to the presence of lesions associated with a chronic ear infection. Тuberculosis (33.3%), brain abscess (36.4%), chronic osteomyelitis (1 individual) also were present in the Bardzryal population. The dental pathology conditions of this population were numerous. Agriculture introduced people to carbohydrates, or sugars, which affect the teeth and cause dental caries (29.04%). The staple diet of ancient population from Lori Region (Shnogh River) consisted of wine, bread, vegetables, and fruits.
В статье рассматриваются эпохальные изменения oстеометрических признаков в Армении. В I и II пер... more В статье рассматриваются эпохальные изменения oстеометрических признаков в Армении. В I и II периодах большая часть мужских скелетов характеризуются крепким телосложением, развитие их костно-мускульного рельефа связано со стрельбой из лука и верховой ездой. В III периоде население неоднородное, прослеживается некоторое отличие в физическом развитии. Длина тела в женских группах стабильна. Наблюдается сходство мужской группы I и V периодов, к ним примыкают группы II и IV периодов. Максимальные различия фиксируются с характеристиками III периода. Женская группа II периода имеет сходство с индивидами III периода, к ним близки группы I и V периодов. Максимальные различия фиксируются с характеристиками IV периода. Эпохальные колебания длины тела определяют уровень межпопуляционной изменчивости и являются проявлением микроэволюционного процесса, происходящего в популяциях человека.
Исследованы антропологические материалы 9 индивидуумов раннесредневековойкультуры из Армении. Исс... more Исследованы антропологические материалы 9 индивидуумов раннесредневековойкультуры из Армении. Исследование костных останков проводилось комплексно в кон-тексте интегративной антропологии, что является объединением двух ее разделов —физической антропологии и палеопатологии. Для распознавания и описания патологических состояний костей применялись макроскопический, рентгеновский и гистологический методы исследования. Индивиды, перезахароненные у церкови Сурб Вар-дана, являются носителями традиций преднамеренной и непреднамеренной деформа-ции головы. Скелеты обладают характеристиками южноевропеоидного типа. Остеологический анализ позволяет констатировать у индивидов высокий рост и крепкое телосложение. Исследование костно-мышечного рельефа позволяет зафиксировать ин-дикаторы механического стресса, связанные с верховой ездой. Травматические повре-ждения, обнаруженные на скелетах, не повлекшие за собой смерти, могли возникнутькак при ведении военных операций, так и при «бытовых» действиях.
Аннотация. Публикуются предварительные результаты антропологического иссле дования костных останк... more Аннотация. Публикуются предварительные результаты антропологического иссле дования костных останков, полученных при раскопках средневековых памятников на территории Армении. Исследование осуществлялось путем визуального осмотра скелетов, их измерения, описания. В основу работы положены классические краниометрические, краниоскопические, одонтологические, остеологические и палеопатологические методы исследования. Степень развития мышечного рельефа указывает на значительные физические нагрузки в процессе трудовой деятельности. Наличие затылочных структур связано с подъемом и перемещением тяжелых грузов. Выявлены следы патологических процессов на скелетах, и реконструирована их этиология. В структуре палеопатологического профиля групп преобладают такие стрессовые маркеры, как сribra orbitalia, эмалевая гипоплазия, аномалии и травмы. Прижизненные травмы связаны с конфликтными ситуациями на бытовой почве. В результате проведенной работы удалось установить важные особенности жизнедеятельности групп, определить половозрастные показатели, антропогенетические характеристики и особенности распространения заболеваний.
Thirty-two skeletons from burial ground Bakheri chala were analysed macroscopically for pathologi... more Thirty-two skeletons from burial ground Bakheri chala were analysed macroscopically for pathological conditions such as trepanation, traumatic injuries, infectious disease and dental pathology. This study has shown that average age at death was relatively high. Trepanation with rectangular sawing for the first time found in the Armenia at two individuals. Trauma to the skull was common, which suggests a high level of inter-personal violence. We here report a case of decapitation. Bakheri chala site showed a high frequency of auditory exostosis. The dental pathology conditions of this population were numerous. Agriculture introduced people to carbohydrates, or sugars, which affect the teeth and cause dental caries. The staple diet of ancient population from Shnogh river consisted of wine, bread, vegetables, and fruits. Males do show a slightly higher rate of wear than females possibly suggesting a greater proportion of bread in the diet of males.
Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asi... more Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asia since the Bronze Age that can be complemented by genetics. Mycenaean period elites in Greece did not differ from the general population and included both people with some steppe ancestry and others, like the Griffin Warrior, without it. Similarly, people in the central area of the Urartian Kingdom around Lake Van lacked the steppe ancestry characteristic of the kingdom’s northern provinces. Anatolia exhibited extraordinary continuity down to the Roman and Byzantine periods, with its people serving as the demographic core of much of the Roman Empire, including the city of Rome itself. During medieval times, migrations associated with Slavic and Turkic speakers profoundly affected the region.
This paper identifies the presence of palate cleft in the individual from Middle Bronze Age and L... more This paper identifies the presence of palate cleft in the individual from Middle Bronze Age and Late Bronze Age in the Armenia. The remains of skeleton from Lchashen site (burial 221/2), comprise the skull and post-cranial skeleton of a female 30-39 years. Macroscopic physical examination revealed that individual suffered from inflammation. The study reveals that inflammation possibly caused by because of sinusitis or inhaling polluted air for a long duration. In addition, we have seen skeletal evidence for pulmonary disease: tuberculosis. The female from Lchashen led a physically strenuous lifestyle
Ancient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European population structure changed d... more Ancient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European population structure changed dramatically in the prehistoric period (14,000-3,000 years before present, YBP), reflecting the widespread introduction of Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age Steppe ancestries. However, little is known about how population structure changed in the historical period onward (3,000 YBP - present). To address this, we collected whole genomes from 204 individuals from Europe and the Mediterranean, many of which are the first historical period genomes from their region (e.g. Armenia, France). We found that most regions show remarkable inter-individual heterogeneity. Around 8% of historical individuals carry ancestry uncommon in the region where they were sampled, some indicating cross-Mediterranean contacts. Despite this high level of mobility, overall population structure across western Eurasia is relatively stable through the historical period up to the present, mirroring the geographic map. We ...
This article is about unusual individuals of the 9th–11th centuries from Dvin (Armenia), among wh... more This article is about unusual individuals of the 9th–11th centuries from Dvin (Armenia), among which traces of delay of growth processes were revealed. The paper analyzes individual features of craniological, cranioscopic, odontological, osteological and paleopathological characteristics of two individuals. The research of bones of the skeleton showed presence of serious pathologies, unrepresentative for so young age, related to excessive exercise stresses. Harris lines, or growth arrest lines are clearly seen on Х-ray images of two diaphyses of tibial bones. Another marker of growth delays (enamel hypoplasia) is also found in the individuals
Subject to discovery and description being cases of trepanations with representatives of late Bro... more Subject to discovery and description being cases of trepanations with representatives of late Bronze Age and early Iron Age from the territory of Armenia. Totally, subject to investigation being 130 crania from 6 burial sites. Eight of the identified perforations are located on parietal bones, and one each perforation - on temporal and occipital bones. The crania belong to 6 males and 1 female, with one cranium not identified on grounds of sex, as well as to 1 child (aged 8–10). The males’ age: from 18 up to 60, the female’s age: 25–30. Symbolic trepanations - cuts on occipital bones - being identified with 15 individuals; while 3 individuals being fixed with surface abnormalities of the external bone compact, resembling «scraping». Besides, the investigated materials revealed two possible. cases of posthumous trepanation. Обнаружены и описаны случаи трепанации у представителей населения эпохи поздней бронзы и раннего железного века территории Армении. Всего исследовано 130 черепов из 6 могильников. Восемь обнаруженных перфораций располагаются на теменных костях, по одной — на височной и затылочной костях. Черепа принадлежат 6 мужчинам в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет, женщине 25–30 лет и ребенку 8–10 лет, у одного индивида пол не определен. Символические трепанации — порезы на теменных костях — обнаружены у 15 индивидов, у трех зафиксированы поверхностные нарушения внешней компакты, похожие на «выскабливания». Выявлены два возможных случая посмертной трепанации.
The Armenia is well known for its archaeological richness and its frequent earthquakes. Recent ex... more The Armenia is well known for its archaeological richness and its frequent earthquakes. Recent excavations at Dvin of Armenia have revealed a medieval building as well as domestic and ceremonial structures spanning the periods in the 12th and 13th Centuries. The present paper reviews several of damage that can be attributed with high certainty to earthquakes. Body of human and artifacts, which are found beneath collapsed ceiling, indicate a sudden unexpected destruction, typical of earthquakes. The presence of diseases (periostitis, enamel hypoplasia, mastoiditis, tuberculosis) showed that were no distinctive health in female. The she also showed evidence for muscular trauma as a result of repetitive activities, suggesting that it must have been physically active. At the proximal end of the femur belonging to the individual, there are some enthesopathies previously noted as common in horse riders. The biological analysis of the remains has demonstrated that the female suffered from ...
Antropological data from a (n=140) Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age skeletal series provide ins... more Antropological data from a (n=140) Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age skeletal series provide insight into health, disease, and stress levels in Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age in Armenia. The samples were recovered from the Lori region during excavations in 2009 and 2015. Macroscopic (observational) analysis of the teeth relied on inspection and exploration of the teeth in their totality. The southern gracile type is characteristic for individuals of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age from Lori region. The Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age was a time of greater nutritional stress. The most common findings were the dental caries with related complications and enamel hypoplasias.
The custom of deliberate ring deformation of a head was known in the Feudal populations of the Ar... more The custom of deliberate ring deformation of a head was known in the Feudal populations of the Armenia. Deformation of the head in the living is a very old, if not the most ancient, cultural practice leading to changes in one‟s natural morphology. In Armenia (Beniamin, Shirakavan, Karmrakar, Vardbakh) ring deformation had wide circulation in the Antiquity period (1st c. BC – 3rd c. AD). The custom of deliberate ring deformation of a head and torticollis was known in the Early Feudal population from Byurakn. The individual had a rhomboid cranial shape. The deformity appeared on the calvarium and cranial base in an early period of life. The calvarial and endocranial base morphology is similar to deformational plagiocephaly (i.e., nonsynostotic plagiocephaly) of patients with associated torticollis. This is the first documented case of torticollis in Armenia. Accurate traces of deliberate deformation of the head are noted in 2 adults. The means and methods used for the skull deformations were diverse. Bandages kerchiefs were used. The crania show varying degrees of modification. From the Hovhannavanq burial ground, two types of deformation are observed: circular high (high ring) and low. High ring deformation is found in the male (N 2). In another case (low deformation, N 4), pressure was apparently applied continuously to the top of the head, resulting in reduced cranial height and an increase in cranial breadth, which suggests the use of a very different appliance. The skeletal material suggests that the practice seen in the Armenia could in fact be part of a longer tradition, dating back to occurrences in the Near East. The ancient Hittites in the Middle East are known to have practiced head deformation.
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Papers by Anahit Khudaverdyan
III периода, к ним близки группы I и V периодов. Максимальные различия фиксируются с характеристиками IV периода. Эпохальные колебания длины тела определяют уровень межпопуляционной изменчивости и являются проявлением микроэволюционного процесса, происходящего в популяциях человека.
III периода, к ним близки группы I и V периодов. Максимальные различия фиксируются с характеристиками IV периода. Эпохальные колебания длины тела определяют уровень межпопуляционной изменчивости и являются проявлением микроэволюционного процесса, происходящего в популяциях человека.