Mark J Costello
The University of Auckland, Marine Science, Faculty Member
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The rate of discovery of reefs of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758) has been remarkable, and attributable to the increased use of underwater video. These reefs form a major three-dimensional habitat in deeper waters... more
The rate of discovery of reefs of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758) has been remarkable, and attributable to the increased use of underwater video. These reefs form a major three-dimensional habitat in deeper waters where little other ʻcoverʼ for fi sh is available. They are common in the eastern North Atlantic, and occur at least in the western North Atlantic and off central Africa. There are also other non-reef records of Lophelia in the Atlantic, and in Indian and Pacific oceans. Thus, not only are these reefs a signifi cant habitat on a local scale, but they may also provide an important habitat over a very wide geographic scale.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Species richness is the most commonly used but controversial biodiversity metric in studies on aspects of community stability such as structural composition or productivity. The apparent ambiguity of theoretical and experimental findings... more
Species richness is the most commonly used but controversial biodiversity metric in studies on aspects of community stability such as structural composition or productivity. The apparent ambiguity of theoretical and experimental findings may in part be due to experimental shortcomings and/or heterogeneity of scales and methods in earlier studies. This has led to an urgent call for improved and more realistic experiments. In a series of experiments replicated at a global scale we translocated several hundred marine hard ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The foundation of biodiversity research and management is correctly identifying and naming species, but different names are used for the same species, and the same names for different species, in different parts of Europe. The present... more
The foundation of biodiversity research and management is correctly identifying and naming species, but different names are used for the same species, and the same names for different species, in different parts of Europe. The present volume is the first coordinated attempt to list the marine species plants, algae, invertebrates, vertebrates from all over the European seas, from the Arctic and Iceland to the Canaries, the Mediterranean and the Baltic. The main part of the volume is a checklist of some 30,000 valid species, for ...
The available data for two important Irish estuaries, Cork and Wexford harbours, were analysed to identify 'hot spots': locations where water quality variables are likely to differ from background levels. The approach taken reflects the... more
The available data for two important Irish estuaries, Cork and Wexford harbours, were analysed to identify 'hot spots': locations where water quality variables are likely to differ from background levels. The approach taken reflects the limitations imposed by restricted spatial and temporal replication in the available datasets. Information for many estuaries may exist in such fragmented datasets. Averages drawn from small sample sizes are susceptible to extreme values.
Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee. VLIZ. Informatie over marien en kustgebonden onderzoek & beleid in Vlaanderen.
Changes in the balance between protein synthesis and protein growth may play an important part in the general response of animals to environmental stress (Houlihan, DF, Mathers, EM & Foster, A. (1992)). Protein growth and synthesis has... more
Changes in the balance between protein synthesis and protein growth may play an important part in the general response of animals to environmental stress (Houlihan, DF, Mathers, EM & Foster, A. (1992)). Protein growth and synthesis has been analyzed in groups of dab, Limanda limanda (L.), fed to satiation and maintained in control and sewage sludge-exposed conditions; growth rates, feeding rates, food retention and protein synthesis rates were measured as well as measures of the immune system.
Abstract 'Species', and their levels of classification (genera, families), represent biological resources of both economic and ecological importance. It is arguable that the primary reason we need to understand physical and chemical... more
Abstract 'Species', and their levels of classification (genera, families), represent biological resources of both economic and ecological importance. It is arguable that the primary reason we need to understand physical and chemical oceanography is to manage these biological resources.
The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS, www. iobis. org now connects to over 50 databases distributed around the world and is growing rapidly. Its infrastructure includes a network of ten regional nodes, mirror sites,... more
The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS, www. iobis. org now connects to over 50 databases distributed around the world and is growing rapidly. Its infrastructure includes a network of ten regional nodes, mirror sites, multi-language web-pages, a range of online data visualization and mapping tools, and special quality assurance procedures. It publishes over 4 million marine species or genus level distribution records online from all taxonomic groups and habitats.
4. Melano-macrophage centres were also affected in the high-exposure dab, which had increased numbers in the spleen and kidney. No effect upon spleen weights or oxygen free radical production by splenocytes was noted. However, oxygen free... more
4. Melano-macrophage centres were also affected in the high-exposure dab, which had increased numbers in the spleen and kidney. No effect upon spleen weights or oxygen free radical production by splenocytes was noted. However, oxygen free radical production by kidney leucocytes was inhibited in the low-exposure dab.
Raine, R.; McMahon, T.; Roden, C.(1993). A review of the summer phytoplankton distribution in Irish coastal waters: a biogeography related to physical oceanography, in: Costello, MJ et al.(Ed.)(1993). Biogeography of Ireland: past,... more
Raine, R.; McMahon, T.; Roden, C.(1993). A review of the summer phytoplankton distribution in Irish coastal waters: a biogeography related to physical oceanography, in: Costello, MJ et al.(Ed.)(1993). Biogeography of Ireland: past, present, and future. Occasional Publication of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 2: pp. 99-111, meer
Abstract The toxicity of sewage sludge to adult and larval Sand shrimp, Crangon crangon, and larval brine shrimp Artemia salina, was studied. Temporal changes in toxicity, amrnonia and pH of sewage sludge in seawater were determined. The... more
Abstract The toxicity of sewage sludge to adult and larval Sand shrimp, Crangon crangon, and larval brine shrimp Artemia salina, was studied. Temporal changes in toxicity, amrnonia and pH of sewage sludge in seawater were determined. The feasibility of sediment choice bioassays using adult Crangon were examined. The 24 h LC50 of sewage sludge at 20 C was 0.4% sludge for Crangon larvae, and 10.0% for Artemia larvae.
Time-series studies have reported trophic cascades in land, freshwater and marine environments in many geographic areas. However, the spatial extent of habitats, a key metric of ecosystem structure, has not been mapped in these studies.... more
Time-series studies have reported trophic cascades in land, freshwater and marine environments in many geographic areas. However, the spatial extent of habitats, a key metric of ecosystem structure, has not been mapped in these studies. Marine reserves can provide experimental, before–after and inside–outside (control-impacted), situations for assessing the impact of fishing on ecosystems.
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Abstract. Developments in the use of wrasse as cleaner-fish in the control of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis, Caligus elongatus) in Ireland are reviewed. Corkwing, Symphodus melops, and goldsinny, Ctenolabrus rupestris, have controlled... more
Abstract. Developments in the use of wrasse as cleaner-fish in the control of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis, Caligus elongatus) in Ireland are reviewed. Corkwing, Symphodus melops, and goldsinny, Ctenolabrus rupestris, have controlled L. salmonis (< 1 louse per salmon) on commercial farms. C. rupestris and rockcook, Centrolabrus exoletus, removed both adult and chalimus C. elongatus in aquarium trials.
DSpace. Home; My DSpace Receive email updates My DSpace Edit Profile. Browse Communities & Collections Titles Authors Subjects Issue Date. Search Search. Advanced Search. Language Spanish French English Ukrainian Russian. Help; About... more
DSpace. Home; My DSpace Receive email updates My DSpace Edit Profile. Browse Communities & Collections Titles Authors Subjects Issue Date. Search Search. Advanced Search. Language Spanish French English Ukrainian Russian. Help; About DSpace. Communities in DSpace. ASCABOS. ASFA. Data Publishing. DBCP. ETDMP. GEBCO. GE-BICH. GE-MIM. GENERAL - IODE Documents. GE-TADE. GFD. GLOSS. GODAR. GOOS. GOSUD. GTSPP. IPY. JCOMM. Marine XML. MEDAR/MEDATLAS. MEDI. MOTIIVE. NODC/RNODC/WDC. OBIS.
Page 1. Marine biodiversity metrics Mark J. Costello Huntsman Marine Science Centre Canadian marine biodiversity workshop, February 2002 Page 2. ∎ Why measure ? - to communicate information ∎ What to measure ? - wide variety habitats,... more
Page 1. Marine biodiversity metrics Mark J. Costello Huntsman Marine Science Centre Canadian marine biodiversity workshop, February 2002 Page 2. ∎ Why measure ? - to communicate information ∎ What to measure ? - wide variety habitats, species and populations Why and what Page 3. Why concern ? ∎ Man affected ∎ local environment for millenia ∎ global environment this century ∎ Increased pressures ∎ over-fishing and harvesting ∎ species introductions ∎ widespread pollution Page 4.
The North Atlantic marine fauna and flora is believed to have evolved from trans-Arctic dispersal of Pacific species, in-situ speciation, and perhaps northward dispersal of southern Atlantic species. Subsequent influences include... more
The North Atlantic marine fauna and flora is believed to have evolved from trans-Arctic dispersal of Pacific species, in-situ speciation, and perhaps northward dispersal of southern Atlantic species. Subsequent influences include trans-Atlantic dispersal, human introductions from other oceans, and natural events such as glaciations that may have created dispersal barriers and/or caused regional extinctions.
Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee. VLIZ. Informatie over marien en kustgebonden onderzoek & beleid in Vlaanderen.
Abstract GBIF was established by countries as a global mega-science initiative to address one of the great challenges of the 21st century–harnessing knowledge of the Earth's biological diversity. GBIF envisions 'a world in which... more
Abstract GBIF was established by countries as a global mega-science initiative to address one of the great challenges of the 21st century–harnessing knowledge of the Earth's biological diversity. GBIF envisions 'a world in which biodiversity information is freely and universally available for science,
Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee. VLIZ. Informatie over marien en kustgebonden onderzoek & beleid in Vlaanderen.
Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee. VLIZ. Informatie over marien en kustgebonden onderzoek & beleid in Vlaanderen.
Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee. VLIZ. Informatie over marien en kustgebonden onderzoek & beleid in Vlaanderen.
Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee. VLIZ. Informatie over marien en kustgebonden onderzoek & beleid in Vlaanderen.
Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee. VLIZ. Informatie over marien en kustgebonden onderzoek & beleid in Vlaanderen.
Ten laboratory studies on the toxicity of sewage sludge to marine organisms with 23 taxa included adults, juveniles, larvae, sperm and algal zoospores. The acute 96 hr LC50 for sewage sludge ranged from 20% sludge in seawater for... more
Ten laboratory studies on the toxicity of sewage sludge to marine organisms with 23 taxa included adults, juveniles, larvae, sperm and algal zoospores. The acute 96 hr LC50 for sewage sludge ranged from 20% sludge in seawater for polychaetes (Malacoceros fuliginosus and Scolelepis squamata ) to 0.0003% for shrimp larvae (Crangon ). Effective toxic concentrations found in sublethal and long-term tests were generally similar to those in lethal and short-term tests, suggesting no enhanced toxicity with time.
White muscle RNA/DNA ratios were measured in dab (Limanda limanda ) caught on a sewage sludge disposal ground, an adjacent control site and a more remote "clean water" site. In addition, RNA/DNA ratios, somatic growth and food consumption... more
White muscle RNA/DNA ratios were measured in dab (Limanda limanda ) caught on a sewage sludge disposal ground, an adjacent control site and a more remote "clean water" site. In addition, RNA/DNA ratios, somatic growth and food consumption were measured in dab held in the laboratory and exposed to nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 0.0032% (low) and 0.032% (high) sewage sludge in seawater for 12 weeks.
Results The adults of thirteen species of Plecoptera collected in Ireland were all macropterous (Table 1). Details of these records may be found in Costello et al.(1984) and Costello (1988). Table 1 only lists material examined by the... more
Results The adults of thirteen species of Plecoptera collected in Ireland were all macropterous (Table 1). Details of these records may be found in Costello et al.(1984) and Costello (1988). Table 1 only lists material examined by the author; further unsexed macropterous material of Brachyptera risi, Nemoura cinerea, Nemurella pictetii, Protonemura meyeri,
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ABSTRACT The Census of Marine Life was a 10-year, international research effort to explore poorly known ocean habitats and conduct large-scale experimentation with new technology. The goal of Census 2010 in its mission statement was to... more
ABSTRACT The Census of Marine Life was a 10-year, international research effort to explore poorly known ocean habitats and conduct large-scale experimentation with new technology. The goal of Census 2010 in its mission statement was to describe what did live in the oceans, what does live in the oceans, and what will live in the ocean.
Nearly 300 scientists gathered in the Auckland University's Owen G. Glenn Building for a joint conference of the New Zealand Marine Sciences (NZMSS) and Meteorological Societies on 2–4 September 2009. Conference delegates represented the... more
Nearly 300 scientists gathered in the Auckland University's Owen G. Glenn Building for a joint conference of the New Zealand Marine Sciences (NZMSS) and Meteorological Societies on 2–4 September 2009. Conference delegates represented the spectrum of organisations and professional marine and meteorological scientists in New Zealand, making this annual meeting the primary national event for communication between scientists and a key opportunity for graduate students to meet future employers (O'Shea et al.
The Policy Forum “Coral reefs and the global network of Marine Protected Areas”(C. Mora et al., 23 June, p. 1750) draws attention to the vulnerability of coral reef Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to human activities.