Hochschild (1983) introduced the term emotional labour and offered a theoretical and conceptual f... more Hochschild (1983) introduced the term emotional labour and offered a theoretical and conceptual framework to contextualise the use of this term, though other frameworks have since been proposed (Ashforth & Humphrey, 1993; Morris & Feldman, 1996; Grandey, 2000). Generally, emotional labour is seen as a forced affective performance that may result in negative consequences for the performer (Hochschild, 1983), ranging from decreased job satisfaction to burnout. Emotional labour is performed when disparity occurs between workers' felt emotions and displayed emotions in a given occupational and organisational context. The type of emotional labour performed is shaped by the context in which it occurs (James, 1992). Emotional labour is an important concept as it relates to burnout among mental health field workers and has been applied to a range of occupational contexts: the airline industry (Whitelegg, 2002; Williams, 2003), call centre workers (Korczynski, 2003), criminal interrogato...
An integrative literature review was undertaken as a means of drawing together contemporary persp... more An integrative literature review was undertaken as a means of drawing together contemporary perspectives on the outcomes and affordances of videoconference-based therapy. This review was conducted in a way which placed emphasis on the need for mental healthcare strategies which are mindful of the cultural and social needs of indigenous and ethnic minority populations, particularly those situated in the Global South. The review was undertaken using an inverse funnelling approach which sought to prioritise literature on videoconference-based therapy literature which specifically focused on indigenous and ethnic minority populations. A series of general and population specific searches across relevant health databases were supplemented by a simultaneous search of Google Scholar. The PICOS search tool was used in developing the search terms, and data was processed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis. A final dataset of 43 articles were included in the review. This body of l...
In recent years there has been an acknowledgement that the discipline of counselling psychology p... more In recent years there has been an acknowledgement that the discipline of counselling psychology places an emphasis on systemic frameworks that consider the individual within a context of developmental and ecological factors. Counselling Psychology considers diversity as central to its work, and acknowledges the importance of working at the interface of science and practice, maintaining a balance between scientist-practitioner and practitioner-scholar frameworks (Woolfe, 2006). When confronted with ethical dilemmas, practitioners have traditionally been guided by that particular country's relevant professional associations or psychology registration board. Whilst they may have no separate Codes of Ethics specific to Counselling Psychology, these bodies may have guidelines for practice that assist in ethical decision-making. Generally, Codes of Ethics set out the rules and principles related to professional practice. However these are often presented as linear, progressive models ...
viii CHAPTER 1 1 THE PRE-CONCERT TALK 1 Your Guide to Listening (Part I) 3 The Researcher as Comp... more viii CHAPTER 1 1 THE PRE-CONCERT TALK 1 Your Guide to Listening (Part I) 3 The Researcher as Composer 3 Academic and Training Background 3 Composing in a South African Context – The Changing Role of the Psychological Service Providers in South Africa 4 Style of Composing 11 A Qualitative Social Constructionist Inquiry 12 The Research Process (Part II) 18 The Purpose of the Study 19 Creating a Referential Context 19 Introductory Comment 20 Position 1 – Narrative Counsellor 21 Position 2 – Trainer 23 Position 3: Researcher 28 A PersonalExperience-Through-Narrative Research Inquiry 29 Production of Texts 31 Written Stories 32 Journals 32 Visual Projects 33 Literature 33 Analysis of Texts 34 Internal Conditions 35 External Conditions 36 Analysis of Written Narratives and Journals 36 Analysis of Visual Data 38 Process of Analysis 38 The Trustworthiness of Narrative Analysis (Is This Valid/True Knowledge?) 40 Credibility 41 Correspondence 42 Coherence 43 The Pragmatic Use of Research Repo...
Objective: To determine whether a psychological intervention improves coping, post-concussion sym... more Objective: To determine whether a psychological intervention improves coping, post-concussion symptoms and decreases in-prison infractions in adult males with a history of traumatic brain injury. Design: A single centre, randomised, wait-list, pilot study. Setting: A high security prison in New Zealand. Subjects: Fifty-five adult male participants who had experienced at least one traumatic brain injury in their lifetime (mean age 37.29 +/−9.81 years). Intervention: A manualised ten session, in-person, group based combined Cognitive Behavioural Therapy /Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction intervention versus wait list control. Main measures: The Negative Affect Repair Questionnaire and Rivermead Post-concussion Symptom Questionnaire were completed at baseline, post-intervention (five weeks) and at 12 week follow up. In-prison misconduct charges and negative file notes were reviewed for the previous five weeks at each assessment time point. Results: There was an improvement in the use ...
The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prison populations has been found to vary consi... more The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prison populations has been found to vary considerably. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TBI in a prison population in New Zealand and to identify whether age, ethnicity, offence type, security classification and sentence length were linked to TBI prevalence. All offenders admitted to a new Corrections Facility over a 6-month period (May-November 2015) were screened to understand their history of TBI. Data was merged with demographic information, details of the offence type, sentence length and security classification from the prison database. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the contribution of predictors on TBI history. Of the 1,061 eligible male prisoners, 1,054 (99.3%) completed a TBI history screen. Out of the 672 (63.7%) who had sustained at least one TBI in their lifetime, 343 (32.5%) had experienced multiple injuries. One in 5 participants experienced their first TBI injury before the age of 15 y...
Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has offered hope to those struggling with infertility, it h... more Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has offered hope to those struggling with infertility, it has also had some unintended consequences, including the fate of embryos that may be "surplus" to requirement following IVF treatment. The number of embryos in storage across the world is high, creating a dilemma for patients who need to make disposal decisions, as well as presenting an administrative and practical dilemma for clinics. Research has suggested that patients' views of the status of their embryo/s may affect their disposal decisions, and yet the nature of the links between views of the embryo and decisions to either donate or discard remain unclear. In this article, we engage in a discursive analysis of literature on disposal decisions. We discuss the range of ways in which embryos may be constructed, and demonstrate how these discourses make available or constrain particular action possibilities, and offer particular subject positions for patients. The analysis highlights the complexity of the relationship between embryo status and decision making, and may assist clinicians in supporting and guiding patients' decisions.
There have been efforts to identify a “police personality” based on dispositional and socializati... more There have been efforts to identify a “police personality” based on dispositional and socialization models. Personality traits of successful police applicants at the Police College in Pretoria, South Africa (N = 1,145 police trainees), with regard to sex, ethnic group, and English language reading skills, were described in terms of scores on the Temperament and Character Inventory. South African police trainees generally evaluated themselves as substantially lower in Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance combined with lower Cooperativeness, but they scored much higher on Self-Directedness, Persistence, and Self-Transcendence compared to South African university students from the area. These are characteristics expected from future police officers, which supports the dispositional model
Counselling psychology as a distinct professional identity aligns with an integrative approach to... more Counselling psychology as a distinct professional identity aligns with an integrative approach to understanding psychological functioning, with particular emphasis on and recognition of the interpersonal and sociopolitical context and how this impacts on and contributes to psychological functioning (Stanley & Manthei, 2004). Yet ethical decision-making models have traditionally failed to annunciate a clear theoretical stance, practice guidelines, and a moral developmental process that correspond with this more constructive and contextual view of mental health. This paper presents preliminary ideas for an ethical decision-making model that provides a vehicle for the emergence of an ethical selfhood in counselling psychology by integrating communicative ethical theory, value-based ethics and ethical actions guided by a social constructivist process model of ethical decisionmaking.
The diversity of the South African population requires counsellors who are able to promote the
me... more The diversity of the South African population requires counsellors who are able to promote the mental health of all persons who express a need for this service. The newly introduced registration category of registered counsellors aims to provide mental health services on a primary level; yet the professional identity of registered counsellors is not well established. This is reflected in the lack of an integrated and standardised national training policy for the BPsych programme as well as a disregard by potential employers of graduates of this programme, as seen in the limited number of appropriate job advertisements and placements in the media. In this study we explore the development of counsellor identity by means of the visual presentations participants produced regarding their development. The social constructionist notion of the self as being composed of different selves is used as the theoretical background for this qualitative investigation. An analysis of the visual presentations revealed that counsellors developed a capacity for experiences of uncertainty, increased self-knowledge and ability to reflect on themselves. They experienced personal growth as part of their identity development-in-process. Visual material as a form of expression makes it possible to challenge some of the limitations of verbal text to construct knowledge and facilitates thinking about those elements of the social world which cannot be expressed in talk.
This study aimed at personality and mental health status of Swedish police trainees considering g... more This study aimed at personality and mental health status of Swedish police trainees considering gender differences; and at relationships between personality and mental health. 103 individuals were investigated by means of the SCL-90-R and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) upon entry to the police academy. By contrast, the police trainees were mentally much healthier than individuals from the general population. They reported low Harm Avoidance and their character dimensions were more developed in terms of strength, responsibility and reliability. Harm Avoidance (positively) and Self-Directedness (negatively) were found to be associated with all facets of psychopathology. The good mental health and mature personality characteristics reported by trainees, particularly the females, suggest that they have the strength to master the stressful situations which they will face in their professional lives. In order to prevent possible psychological disturbances later in life, due to the high level of distress in their work, the development of trainees’ personality in terms of particular coping skills should be regarded as an integral part of their professional training at the police academy.
Hochschild (1983) introduced the term emotional labour and offered a theoretical and conceptual f... more Hochschild (1983) introduced the term emotional labour and offered a theoretical and conceptual framework to contextualise the use of this term, though other frameworks have since been proposed (Ashforth & Humphrey, 1993; Morris & Feldman, 1996; Grandey, 2000). Generally, emotional labour is seen as a forced affective performance that may result in negative consequences for the performer (Hochschild, 1983), ranging from decreased job satisfaction to burnout. Emotional labour is performed when disparity occurs between workers' felt emotions and displayed emotions in a given occupational and organisational context. The type of emotional labour performed is shaped by the context in which it occurs (James, 1992). Emotional labour is an important concept as it relates to burnout among mental health field workers and has been applied to a range of occupational contexts: the airline industry (Whitelegg, 2002; Williams, 2003), call centre workers (Korczynski, 2003), criminal interrogato...
An integrative literature review was undertaken as a means of drawing together contemporary persp... more An integrative literature review was undertaken as a means of drawing together contemporary perspectives on the outcomes and affordances of videoconference-based therapy. This review was conducted in a way which placed emphasis on the need for mental healthcare strategies which are mindful of the cultural and social needs of indigenous and ethnic minority populations, particularly those situated in the Global South. The review was undertaken using an inverse funnelling approach which sought to prioritise literature on videoconference-based therapy literature which specifically focused on indigenous and ethnic minority populations. A series of general and population specific searches across relevant health databases were supplemented by a simultaneous search of Google Scholar. The PICOS search tool was used in developing the search terms, and data was processed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis. A final dataset of 43 articles were included in the review. This body of l...
In recent years there has been an acknowledgement that the discipline of counselling psychology p... more In recent years there has been an acknowledgement that the discipline of counselling psychology places an emphasis on systemic frameworks that consider the individual within a context of developmental and ecological factors. Counselling Psychology considers diversity as central to its work, and acknowledges the importance of working at the interface of science and practice, maintaining a balance between scientist-practitioner and practitioner-scholar frameworks (Woolfe, 2006). When confronted with ethical dilemmas, practitioners have traditionally been guided by that particular country's relevant professional associations or psychology registration board. Whilst they may have no separate Codes of Ethics specific to Counselling Psychology, these bodies may have guidelines for practice that assist in ethical decision-making. Generally, Codes of Ethics set out the rules and principles related to professional practice. However these are often presented as linear, progressive models ...
viii CHAPTER 1 1 THE PRE-CONCERT TALK 1 Your Guide to Listening (Part I) 3 The Researcher as Comp... more viii CHAPTER 1 1 THE PRE-CONCERT TALK 1 Your Guide to Listening (Part I) 3 The Researcher as Composer 3 Academic and Training Background 3 Composing in a South African Context – The Changing Role of the Psychological Service Providers in South Africa 4 Style of Composing 11 A Qualitative Social Constructionist Inquiry 12 The Research Process (Part II) 18 The Purpose of the Study 19 Creating a Referential Context 19 Introductory Comment 20 Position 1 – Narrative Counsellor 21 Position 2 – Trainer 23 Position 3: Researcher 28 A PersonalExperience-Through-Narrative Research Inquiry 29 Production of Texts 31 Written Stories 32 Journals 32 Visual Projects 33 Literature 33 Analysis of Texts 34 Internal Conditions 35 External Conditions 36 Analysis of Written Narratives and Journals 36 Analysis of Visual Data 38 Process of Analysis 38 The Trustworthiness of Narrative Analysis (Is This Valid/True Knowledge?) 40 Credibility 41 Correspondence 42 Coherence 43 The Pragmatic Use of Research Repo...
Objective: To determine whether a psychological intervention improves coping, post-concussion sym... more Objective: To determine whether a psychological intervention improves coping, post-concussion symptoms and decreases in-prison infractions in adult males with a history of traumatic brain injury. Design: A single centre, randomised, wait-list, pilot study. Setting: A high security prison in New Zealand. Subjects: Fifty-five adult male participants who had experienced at least one traumatic brain injury in their lifetime (mean age 37.29 +/−9.81 years). Intervention: A manualised ten session, in-person, group based combined Cognitive Behavioural Therapy /Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction intervention versus wait list control. Main measures: The Negative Affect Repair Questionnaire and Rivermead Post-concussion Symptom Questionnaire were completed at baseline, post-intervention (five weeks) and at 12 week follow up. In-prison misconduct charges and negative file notes were reviewed for the previous five weeks at each assessment time point. Results: There was an improvement in the use ...
The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prison populations has been found to vary consi... more The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prison populations has been found to vary considerably. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TBI in a prison population in New Zealand and to identify whether age, ethnicity, offence type, security classification and sentence length were linked to TBI prevalence. All offenders admitted to a new Corrections Facility over a 6-month period (May-November 2015) were screened to understand their history of TBI. Data was merged with demographic information, details of the offence type, sentence length and security classification from the prison database. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the contribution of predictors on TBI history. Of the 1,061 eligible male prisoners, 1,054 (99.3%) completed a TBI history screen. Out of the 672 (63.7%) who had sustained at least one TBI in their lifetime, 343 (32.5%) had experienced multiple injuries. One in 5 participants experienced their first TBI injury before the age of 15 y...
Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has offered hope to those struggling with infertility, it h... more Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has offered hope to those struggling with infertility, it has also had some unintended consequences, including the fate of embryos that may be "surplus" to requirement following IVF treatment. The number of embryos in storage across the world is high, creating a dilemma for patients who need to make disposal decisions, as well as presenting an administrative and practical dilemma for clinics. Research has suggested that patients' views of the status of their embryo/s may affect their disposal decisions, and yet the nature of the links between views of the embryo and decisions to either donate or discard remain unclear. In this article, we engage in a discursive analysis of literature on disposal decisions. We discuss the range of ways in which embryos may be constructed, and demonstrate how these discourses make available or constrain particular action possibilities, and offer particular subject positions for patients. The analysis highlights the complexity of the relationship between embryo status and decision making, and may assist clinicians in supporting and guiding patients' decisions.
There have been efforts to identify a “police personality” based on dispositional and socializati... more There have been efforts to identify a “police personality” based on dispositional and socialization models. Personality traits of successful police applicants at the Police College in Pretoria, South Africa (N = 1,145 police trainees), with regard to sex, ethnic group, and English language reading skills, were described in terms of scores on the Temperament and Character Inventory. South African police trainees generally evaluated themselves as substantially lower in Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance combined with lower Cooperativeness, but they scored much higher on Self-Directedness, Persistence, and Self-Transcendence compared to South African university students from the area. These are characteristics expected from future police officers, which supports the dispositional model
Counselling psychology as a distinct professional identity aligns with an integrative approach to... more Counselling psychology as a distinct professional identity aligns with an integrative approach to understanding psychological functioning, with particular emphasis on and recognition of the interpersonal and sociopolitical context and how this impacts on and contributes to psychological functioning (Stanley & Manthei, 2004). Yet ethical decision-making models have traditionally failed to annunciate a clear theoretical stance, practice guidelines, and a moral developmental process that correspond with this more constructive and contextual view of mental health. This paper presents preliminary ideas for an ethical decision-making model that provides a vehicle for the emergence of an ethical selfhood in counselling psychology by integrating communicative ethical theory, value-based ethics and ethical actions guided by a social constructivist process model of ethical decisionmaking.
The diversity of the South African population requires counsellors who are able to promote the
me... more The diversity of the South African population requires counsellors who are able to promote the mental health of all persons who express a need for this service. The newly introduced registration category of registered counsellors aims to provide mental health services on a primary level; yet the professional identity of registered counsellors is not well established. This is reflected in the lack of an integrated and standardised national training policy for the BPsych programme as well as a disregard by potential employers of graduates of this programme, as seen in the limited number of appropriate job advertisements and placements in the media. In this study we explore the development of counsellor identity by means of the visual presentations participants produced regarding their development. The social constructionist notion of the self as being composed of different selves is used as the theoretical background for this qualitative investigation. An analysis of the visual presentations revealed that counsellors developed a capacity for experiences of uncertainty, increased self-knowledge and ability to reflect on themselves. They experienced personal growth as part of their identity development-in-process. Visual material as a form of expression makes it possible to challenge some of the limitations of verbal text to construct knowledge and facilitates thinking about those elements of the social world which cannot be expressed in talk.
This study aimed at personality and mental health status of Swedish police trainees considering g... more This study aimed at personality and mental health status of Swedish police trainees considering gender differences; and at relationships between personality and mental health. 103 individuals were investigated by means of the SCL-90-R and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) upon entry to the police academy. By contrast, the police trainees were mentally much healthier than individuals from the general population. They reported low Harm Avoidance and their character dimensions were more developed in terms of strength, responsibility and reliability. Harm Avoidance (positively) and Self-Directedness (negatively) were found to be associated with all facets of psychopathology. The good mental health and mature personality characteristics reported by trainees, particularly the females, suggest that they have the strength to master the stressful situations which they will face in their professional lives. In order to prevent possible psychological disturbances later in life, due to the high level of distress in their work, the development of trainees’ personality in terms of particular coping skills should be regarded as an integral part of their professional training at the police academy.
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Papers by Elizabeth du Preez
by integrating communicative ethical theory, value-based ethics and ethical actions guided by a social constructivist process model of ethical decisionmaking.
mental health of all persons who express a need for this service. The newly introduced registration
category of registered counsellors aims to provide mental health services on a primary level; yet the
professional identity of registered counsellors is not well established. This is reflected in the lack of
an integrated and standardised national training policy for the BPsych programme as well as a
disregard by potential employers of graduates of this programme, as seen in the limited number of
appropriate job advertisements and placements in the media. In this study we explore the development
of counsellor identity by means of the visual presentations participants produced regarding
their development. The social constructionist notion of the self as being composed of different selves
is used as the theoretical background for this qualitative investigation. An analysis of the visual
presentations revealed that counsellors developed a capacity for experiences of uncertainty,
increased self-knowledge and ability to reflect on themselves. They experienced personal growth
as part of their identity development-in-process. Visual material as a form of expression makes it
possible to challenge some of the limitations of verbal text to construct knowledge and facilitates
thinking about those elements of the social world which cannot be expressed in talk.
by integrating communicative ethical theory, value-based ethics and ethical actions guided by a social constructivist process model of ethical decisionmaking.
mental health of all persons who express a need for this service. The newly introduced registration
category of registered counsellors aims to provide mental health services on a primary level; yet the
professional identity of registered counsellors is not well established. This is reflected in the lack of
an integrated and standardised national training policy for the BPsych programme as well as a
disregard by potential employers of graduates of this programme, as seen in the limited number of
appropriate job advertisements and placements in the media. In this study we explore the development
of counsellor identity by means of the visual presentations participants produced regarding
their development. The social constructionist notion of the self as being composed of different selves
is used as the theoretical background for this qualitative investigation. An analysis of the visual
presentations revealed that counsellors developed a capacity for experiences of uncertainty,
increased self-knowledge and ability to reflect on themselves. They experienced personal growth
as part of their identity development-in-process. Visual material as a form of expression makes it
possible to challenge some of the limitations of verbal text to construct knowledge and facilitates
thinking about those elements of the social world which cannot be expressed in talk.