感染症の話トップページへ 2004年第13週号（2004年3月22日〜28日）掲載 ◆E型肝炎 E型肝炎は、従来、経口伝播型非A非B型肝炎とよばれてきたウイルス性の急性肝炎で、その 病原体はE型肝炎ウイルス（HEV）である。E型肝炎の致死率はA型肝炎の10倍といわれ、妊婦 では実に20%に達することがある。また、日本、ヨーロッパ諸国、北米大陸においては非A非B 肝炎といえばC型肝炎を意味するが、発展途上国では事情が異なり、大部分はE型肝炎である といわれる。E型肝炎はアメリカ、日本、ヨーロッパ等の先進各国では散発的に発生し、その大 半は輸入感染症と考えられてきた。しかし最近、アメリカ、日本において全く渡航歴の無いE型 急性肝炎患者がみつかるようになってきたことから、従来、非流行地と思われる地域にもHEV は既に土着していると考えられる。 疫 学 HEVはアジアにおける流行性肝炎の重要
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