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Wong Kurdi

Saking Wikipédia
Kurdi
کورد, Kurd
Akéh krama
Perkiraan 30[1] sampai 38 juta[2][3]
Regions with significant populations
   Turki40-45 juta
40–45%[1][2][3][4]
   Iran6.5–7.9 juta
7–10%[1][2]
   Irak6.2–6.5 juta
15–23%[1][2]
   Suriah2.2–3 juta
9–15%[2][5][6][7]
   Azerbaijan150,000–180,000[8][9]
   Rusia63,818[10]
   Arménia37,470[11]
   Georgia20,843[12] Diaspora
   Jerman800,000[13]
   IsraélLebih dari 150,000[14]
   Prancis135,000[8][dead link]
   Swédia90,000[8][dead link]
   Belanda75,000[8][dead link]
   Bélgia[dead link]60,000[8]
   Inggris49,921[15][16][17]
   Kazakhstan41,431[18]
   Dénmark30,000[19]
   Yordania30,000[20]
   Yunani28,000[21]
   Amérika Serikat15,361[22]
    Swiss14,669[23]
  Mal:Country data Kirgizstan13,171[24][25]
   Kanada11,685[26]
   Finlandia10,075[27]
   Ostrali6,991[28]
   Turkménistan6.097[29]
   Austria2,133[30]
Basa
Kurdi
Dalam bentuk yang berbeda: Kurdi Soran, Kurmanji, Fayli, Kurdi Selatan, Laki, Zaza, Gorani
Agama
Islam
(didominasi Sunni, tetapi juga ada Syiah dan Sufisme) dengan minoritas Atheis, Agnostik, Yazidi, Zoroastrianisme, Kristen dan Yahudi
Related ethnic groups
lainnya Bangsa Iran
Semua jumlah penduduk merupakan perkiraan oleh pihak ke-3. Turki, Iran dan Suriah tidak melacak atau menyediakan statistik populasi.

Wong Kurdi utawi Krama Kurd inggih punika krama Iran sané magenah ring wawidangan sané jimbarnyané kirang langkung 500.000 km2, inggih punika makudang-kudang wawidangan ring Timur Tengah (utamané ring Turki, Irak, Suriah, Kaukasus miwah Israel) miwah Asia Tengah (utamannyané ring Kazakhstan miwah Turkmenistan) miwah ring Iran (utamané ring kaja-wétan miwah kauh Iran).[31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Tiosan ring punika, ring warsa-warsa sané sampun lintang, mawinan perang internal miwah asing akéh krama Kurd sané ngungsi ka Eropa, sané pinih akéh ring Jerman, Prancis, Swedia miwah Inggris.[38] Krama Kurd inggih punika jadma saking suku Arya miwah krama ring wewidangan Iran sané sampun lintang.

kurds

Makasami wewengkon Kurdistan kajaba wewidangan sané wénten ring Suriah mangkin, kantos masan Safawiyané dados pahan saking Iran sané akéhnyané wewengkon punika kaserahang ring Ottoman rikala Perang Chalderan ring warsa 1512-1520. Sasampun Kakaisaran Ottoman kasirnayang ring Perang Dunia I miwah kapuputang olih Inggris Agung ring pangawit abad ka-20, wewidangan puniki kawangun ring tiga negara Turki, Irak miwah Suriah.[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]

Galéri

[uah | uah wit]
  • Pria Kurdi di atas kuda.
    Pria Kurdi di atas kuda.
  • Perempuan Kurdi dalam pakaian tradisional.
    Perempuan Kurdi dalam pakaian tradisional.
  • Potret seorang gerilyawan Kurdi menggendong putrinya di desa mereka di luar Dohuk, Irak
    Potret seorang gerilyawan Kurdi menggendong putrinya di desa mereka di luar Dohuk, Irak
  • Anak Kurdi dari suku Beritan
    Anak Kurdi dari suku Beritan
  • Perempuan Kurdi dari Iran, ca. 1840 - 1933.
    Perempuan Kurdi dari Iran, ca. 1840 - 1933.
  • Gadis Kurdi, 1900
    Gadis Kurdi, 1900
  • Laki-laki Kurdi dari Arbil
    Laki-laki Kurdi dari Arbil
  • Anak Kurdi dari desa Serenli, Kabupaten Savur, Turki.
    Anak Kurdi dari desa Serenli, Kabupaten Savur, Turki.
  • Potret seorang kavalery Kurdish oleh Gigo Gabashvili, 1936.
    Potret seorang kavalery Kurdish oleh Gigo Gabashvili, 1936.
  • Seorang perempuan Kurdi, oleh Zoro Mettini.
    Seorang perempuan Kurdi, oleh Zoro Mettini.
  • Penyelundup Irak Kurdi dekat perbatasan Irak
    Penyelundup Irak Kurdi dekat perbatasan Irak
  • Mercier. Kurde (Asie) oleh Auguste Wahlen, 1843
    Mercier. Kurde (Asie) oleh Auguste Wahlen, 1843

Pustaka

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 CIA - The World Factbook: 40 million in Turkey (18%)[1] Archived 2017-09-20 at the Wayback Machine, 4.7–6.2 million in Iraq (15–20%)[2] Archived 2018-12-24 at the Wayback Machine, 7.9 million in Iran(10%)[3] Archived 2012-02-03 at the Wayback Machine (all for 2012), plus several million in Syria, neighboring countries, and the diaspora
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 The Kurds: culture and language rights (Kerim Yildiz, Georgina Fryer, Kurdish Human Rights Project; 2004): 18% of Turkey, 20% of Iraq, 8% of Iran, 9.6%+ of Syria; plus 1–2 million in neighboring countries and the diaspora
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Sandra Mackey , “The reckoning: Iraq and the legacy of Saddam”, W.W. Norton and Company, 2002. Excerpt from pg 350: “As much as 25% of Turkey is Kurdish.”
  4. ↑ Kürtlerin nüfusu 40 milyonda İstanbul"da 6 milyon Kürt yaşıyor – Radikal Dizi. Radikal.com.tr. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
  5. ↑ Studying the Kurds in Syria: Challenges and Opportunities|Lowe|Syrian Studies Association Bulletin Archived 2013-09-29 at the Wayback Machine. Ojcs.siue.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
  6. ↑ Henriques, John L. "Syria: issues and historical background". Nova Science Publishers,.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  7. ↑ Gul, Zana Khasraw (22 July 2013). "Where are the Syrian Kurds heading amidst the civil war in Syria?". Open Democracy. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2014-01-10. Kaaksés 4 November 2013. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 8,4 "The cultural situation of the Kurds, A report by Lord Russell-Johnston, Council of Europe, July 2006. Retrieved 11.01.2015.
  9. ↑ Ismet Chériff Vanly, “The Kurds in the Soviet Union”, in: Philip G. Kreyenbroek & S. Sperl (eds.), The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview (London: Routledge, 1992). pg 164: Table based on 1990 estimates: Azerbaijan (180,000), Armenia (50,000), Georgia (40,000), Kazakhstan (30,000), Kyrghizistan (20,000), Uzbekistan (10,000), Tajikistan (3,000), Turkmenistan (50,000), Siberia (35,000), Krasnodar (20,000), Other (12,000), Total 450,000
  10. ↑ "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 г. Национальный состав населения Российской Федерации". Demoscope. Demoscope. Kaaksés 4 July 2012.
  11. ↑ "Information from the 2011 Armenian National Census" (PDF). Statistics of Armenia (ring Armenian). Kaaksés 27 May 2014.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  12. ↑ "The Human Rights situation of the Yezidi minority in the Transcaucasus" (PDF). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. p. 18.
  13. ↑ "Camps built in Germany, Austria to win new members for PKK, reports reveal". Zaman. 9 August 2012. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2012-08-09. Kaaksés 28 October 2012. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ "Jewish Kurds from Iraq, Syria attend Jerusalem festival". I24 News. Kaaksés 2013-09-11.
  15. ↑ "QS211EW - Ethnic group (detailed)". nomis. Office for National Statistics. Kaaksés 3 August 2013.
  16. ↑ "Ethnic Group - Full Detail_QS201NI". Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2019-09-23. Kaaksés 4 September 2013. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  17. ↑ "Scotland's Census 2011 - National Records of Scotland, Language used at home other than English (detailed)" (PDF). Scotland Census. Scotland Census. Kaarsipin saking versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2020-02-15. Kaaksés 29 September 2013. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  18. ↑ Қазақстан Республикасы Статистика агенттігі. ҚАЗАҚСТАННЫҢ ЭТНОДЕМОГРАФИЯЛЫҚ ЖЫЛНАМАЛЫҒЫ Archived 2014-02-22 at the Wayback Machine ЭТНОДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ЕЖЕГОДНИК КАЗАХСТАНА 2013
  19. ↑ "Fakta: Kurdere i Danmark". Jyllandsposten (ring Danish). 8 May 2006. Kaaksés 24 December 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  20. ↑ Mahmoud A. Al-Khatib and Mohammed N. Al-Ali. "Language and Cultural Shift Among the Kurds of Jordan" (PDF). p. 12. Kaaksés 10 November 2012.
  21. ↑ "Kurds Flee Persecution for 'Sympathetic Shores' of Greece". The Christian Science Monitor. 12 January 1998. Kaaksés 22 December 2013.
  22. ↑ "2006–2010 American Community Survey Selected Population Tables". Government of the United States of America. Government of the United States of America. Kaaksés 5 August 2013.
  23. ↑ "Population résidante permanente de 15 ans et plus, ayant comme langue principale: kurde, en 2012". Statistics of Switzerland. Statistics of Switzerland. Kaaksés 28 May 2014.
  24. ↑ "4.1. Number of resident population by selected nationality" (PDF). Government of Kyrgyzstan. United Nations. Kaarsipin saking versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-07-10. Kaaksés 9 July 2012. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  25. ↑ "Население Кыргызстана" (ring Russian). Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2012-09-15. Kaaksés 2014-05-31. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  26. ↑ "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables". Statistics of Canada. Statistics of Canada. Kaaksés 19 January 2013.
  27. ↑ "Language according to age and sex by region 1990–2011". Statistics Finland. Statistics Finland. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2013-02-17. Kaaksés 19 January 2013. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  28. ↑ "The People of Australia - Statistics from the 2011 census" (PDF). SBS. Kaarsipin saking versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-05-29. Kaaksés 29 May 2014. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  29. ↑ "Итоги всеобщей переписи населения Туркменистана по национальному составу в 1995 году". asgabat.net (ring Russian). asgabat.net. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2016-03-10. Kaaksés 31 July 2012. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  30. ↑ "Tabelle 14: Bevölkerung nach Umgangssprache, Staatsangehörigkeit und Geburtsland" (PDF). Statistics of Austria (ring German). Statistics of Austria. p. 75. Kaaksés 27 April 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  31. ↑ Bois, Th. ; Minorsky, V. ; Bois, Th. ; Bois, Th. ; MacKenzie, D.N. ; Bois, Th. "Kurds, Kurdistan."
  32. ↑ G. Asatrian, Prolegomena to the Study of the Kurds, Iran and the Caucasus, Vol.13, pp.1-58, 2009: "The ancient history of the Kurds, as in case of many other Iranian ethnic groups (Baluchis, etc.), can be reconstructed but in a very tentative and abstract form"
  33. ↑ Michael G. Morony, "Iraq After the Muslim Conquest", Gorgias Press LLC, 2005. pg 265: "Kurds were only small ethnic group native to Iraq.
  34. ↑ E. J. van Donzel, "Islamic desk reference ", BRILL, 1994.
  35. ↑ John Limbert, The Origins and Appearance of the Kurds in Pre-Islamic Iran, Iranian Studies, Vol.1, No.2, Spring 1968, pp.41-51. p.41: "In these last areas, the historic road from Baghdad to Hamadan and beyond divides the Kurds from their Iranian cousins, the Lurs."
  36. ↑ RUSSELL, JR 1990 «Pre-Christian Armenian Religion*, dans Aufstieg und Nieder- gang der Romischen Welt, II, 18.4, p. 2679-2692, Berlin-New York, 1990. , pg 2691: "A study of the pre-Islamic religion of the Kurds, an Iranian people who inhabited southern parts of Armenia from ancient times to present, has yet to be written"
  37. ↑ Discoveries from Kurdish Looms by Robert D. Biggs, Mary and Leigh Block Gallery, Northwestern University, 1983, p.9 "Ethnically the Kurds are an Iranian people"
  38. ↑ کرد و پراکندگی او در گسترهٔ ایران‌زمین، ح.
  39. ↑ http://akharinkhabar.ir/book/3740725
  40. ↑ ساجدی، امیر، امجدیان، فرامرز: تأثیر فدرالیسم کردستان عراق بر هنجارهای سیاسی و قومیتیِ کردهای ایران.
  41. ↑ کرد و پراکندگی او در گسترهٔ ایران‌زمین. ح. بهتویی. تهران، ۱۳۷۷.
  42. ↑ ایران، دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی، جلد ۱۰، تهران، ۱۳۸۰
  43. ↑ آیت محمدی.
  44. ↑ واسیلی نیکیتین.
  45. ↑ "Kurdish". Ethnologue.
  46. ↑ محمد معین.
  47. ↑ احسان یارشاطر: «زبان‌ها و لهجه‌های ایرانی».
  48. ↑ جامعه‌شناسی و مردم‌شناسی.

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