This research is concerned with the isolation, purification and partial characterization of two m... more This research is concerned with the isolation, purification and partial characterization of two metabolites from culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp. KGG32, by solvent extraction, silica gel chromatography, UV and FT-IR spectroscopic analyses. This strain is a highly stable antimicrobial metabolite producer against different microorganisms such as S. aureus, B. cereus, B. subtilis, Kocuria rhizophila, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis and C. albicans under in-vitro growth conditions. In order to obtain crude extract, ten liters of the fermentation broth was extracted with different solvents and concentrated until dryness. The crude extract was subjected to silica gel column chromatography and the fractions showing the highest antimicrobial activity were pooled and determined by TLC for purity. Extraction of fermentation broth, various separation and purification steps led to isolation of two pure active compounds having a retention factor of 0.22 (methanol: water, 3:1, v/v) and 0.64 (e...
In the past two decades, plant secondary metabolites have started obtaining of useful compounds a... more In the past two decades, plant secondary metabolites have started obtaining of useful compounds and have constituted a new area of biotechnology. Structure and functions of some secondary metabolites of the plants were determined at the first time in 19th century. Today, the most studied secondary plant metabolites are alkaloids, terpenoids and phenolic compounds. Resins, anthocyanins, tannins, saponins and volatile oils are being used in producing of soap, perfume, herbal oil, dye, gum, natural plastics, pesticide and insecticide, and in medicinal applications and in industry. Within this study by emphasizing of the plant secondary metabolites types which known up to now, application fields and biotechnological importance, and it was aimed to prepare a preliminary reference for researchers who study or willing to study on this topic.
Mikrobiyal sekonder metabolitler; antibiyotiklerin üretiminde en büyük paya sahiptir. 1983–1994 y... more Mikrobiyal sekonder metabolitler; antibiyotiklerin üretiminde en büyük paya sahiptir. 1983–1994 yılları arasında keşfedilen 520 yeni ilacın, yaklaşık %39’u mikrobiyal kaynaklıdır. Şu ana kadar keşfedilen antibiyotiklerin çoğunluğu Streptomyces cinsi üyeleri tarafından üretilmektedir ve henüz bu antibiyotiklerin sadece %3’ü belirlenmiştir. Bunun nedeni ise; klasik antibiyotik araştırma metotlarının uygulanması, bazı türlerinin laboratuar koşullarında büyütülememesi ve konuyla ilgili teknolojilerin eksik oluşudur. Bu çalışmada, Streptomyces antibiyotiklerinin tipleri, endüstriyel ve biyoteknolojik önemi, antibiyotik araştırma programlarında uygulanan modern tekniklere dikkat çekerek, bu konuda ülkemizde yapılacak çalışmalar için bir ön kaynak oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır.
The purpose of the present study was concerned with the taxonomy and influences of some cultural ... more The purpose of the present study was concerned with the taxonomy and influences of some cultural conditions on growth and antimicrobial metabolite production of a strain of Streptomyces, designated KGG32, which is a highly stable antimicrobial metabolite producer against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria under in-vitro growth conditions. In order to optimize the culture conditions for the production of antimicrobial metabolite, such as the effect of different temperatures, nature of carbon and nitrogen sources, pH value and time incubation were determined. Effects of nutritional compounds on production of antimicrobial compounds showed that the highest antimicrobial activities were obtained when sucrose at 1.0% (w/v) level was used as sole carbon source, under aerobic conditions at temperature 30°C, pH at 7.5. Bacteriological peptone was identified as nitrogen source that significantly affected antibiotic production followed by meat extract. Phenotypic characters of the s...
A comparative evaluation was conducted to assess the effects of some environmental parameters suc... more A comparative evaluation was conducted to assess the effects of some environmental parameters such as pH, type of carbon source, salinity and temperature on the mycelial growth of six species of an ectomycorrhizal fungus, Morchella spp. (M. costata, M. elata, M. esculenta, M. hortensis, M.intermedia and M. rotunda) collected from different parts of Turkey. All carbon sources were found to be beneficial for mycelial growth. However, glucose, sucrose, maltose and fructose were better sources of carbon for some morels. Maximum mycelial growth in Petri dishes was achieved at 20 and 25 0 C after three weeks incubation for all Morchella species. Growth was reduced significantly below 15 0 C and above 30 0 C. Different pH and salinity (NaCI) levels markedly affected the mycelial growth of the fungi.
ABSTRACT New saturated N,N′-bis(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazolinium salts ((3),(4),(6)) and N,N′- bis(... more ABSTRACT New saturated N,N′-bis(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazolinium salts ((3),(4),(6)) and N,N′- bis(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazolidine (5) were synthesized and characterized. The salts were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against the Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity against a Candida albicans. Compound (4) showed very strong activity against S. epidermidis with the best MIC (169 μg/mL).
Plant parts were powdered, extracted in a Soxhlet extractor with n-butanol and ethanol (60-80oC) ... more Plant parts were powdered, extracted in a Soxhlet extractor with n-butanol and ethanol (60-80oC) for 12 h, filtered using Whatman filter paper no:4 and the filtrate was then evaporated at 70oC. For determination of antimicrobial activity, different concentrations of crude extract tested against bacteria and yeasts by both well and disk diffusion method. Results showed that the Asphodelus aestivus extract
A total of 249 different Streptomyces strains were isolated from different sites of the North Cyp... more A total of 249 different Streptomyces strains were isolated from different sites of the North Cyprus habitats for their antimicrobial potential. Out of these, 66 isolates exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one of the tested microorganisms. Approximately, 51% isolates produced antibacterial substances against Gram-positive bacteria, 6% against Gram-negative bacteria, and 23% against both Gram negative and Gram-positive bacteria, whereas 18% of isolates showed antifungal activity. According to the spectrum of broadness, the two most active isolates were selected, and designed as KGG13 and KVK11. A great variety of morphological, physiological and biochemical features of selected strains were determined for their taxonomic position, and obtained data strongly suggested that these strains belong to the genus Streptomyces, confirmed by their antimicrobial activity in batch culture. In order to standardize the antibiotic production, some cultural conditions, such as the effect...
... Antibacterial activity of some actinomycetes isolated from farming soils of Turkey Mustafa Os... more ... Antibacterial activity of some actinomycetes isolated from farming soils of Turkey Mustafa Oskay*, A. Üsame Tamer and Cem Azeri Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Celal Bayar University, Campus of Muradiye, 45030, Manisa, Turkey. Accepted 12 July, 2004. ...
This research is concerned with the isolation, purification and partial characterization of two m... more This research is concerned with the isolation, purification and partial characterization of two metabolites from culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp. KGG32, by solvent extraction, silica gel chromatography, UV and FT-IR spectroscopic analyses. This strain is a highly stable antimicrobial metabolite producer against different microorganisms such as S. aureus, B. cereus, B. subtilis, Kocuria rhizophila, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis and C. albicans under in-vitro growth conditions. In order to obtain crude extract, ten liters of the fermentation broth was extracted with different solvents and concentrated until dryness. The crude extract was subjected to silica gel column chromatography and the fractions showing the highest antimicrobial activity were pooled and determined by TLC for purity. Extraction of fermentation broth, various separation and purification steps led to isolation of two pure active compounds having a retention factor of 0.22 (methanol: water, 3:1, v/v) and 0.64 (e...
In the past two decades, plant secondary metabolites have started obtaining of useful compounds a... more In the past two decades, plant secondary metabolites have started obtaining of useful compounds and have constituted a new area of biotechnology. Structure and functions of some secondary metabolites of the plants were determined at the first time in 19th century. Today, the most studied secondary plant metabolites are alkaloids, terpenoids and phenolic compounds. Resins, anthocyanins, tannins, saponins and volatile oils are being used in producing of soap, perfume, herbal oil, dye, gum, natural plastics, pesticide and insecticide, and in medicinal applications and in industry. Within this study by emphasizing of the plant secondary metabolites types which known up to now, application fields and biotechnological importance, and it was aimed to prepare a preliminary reference for researchers who study or willing to study on this topic.
Mikrobiyal sekonder metabolitler; antibiyotiklerin üretiminde en büyük paya sahiptir. 1983–1994 y... more Mikrobiyal sekonder metabolitler; antibiyotiklerin üretiminde en büyük paya sahiptir. 1983–1994 yılları arasında keşfedilen 520 yeni ilacın, yaklaşık %39’u mikrobiyal kaynaklıdır. Şu ana kadar keşfedilen antibiyotiklerin çoğunluğu Streptomyces cinsi üyeleri tarafından üretilmektedir ve henüz bu antibiyotiklerin sadece %3’ü belirlenmiştir. Bunun nedeni ise; klasik antibiyotik araştırma metotlarının uygulanması, bazı türlerinin laboratuar koşullarında büyütülememesi ve konuyla ilgili teknolojilerin eksik oluşudur. Bu çalışmada, Streptomyces antibiyotiklerinin tipleri, endüstriyel ve biyoteknolojik önemi, antibiyotik araştırma programlarında uygulanan modern tekniklere dikkat çekerek, bu konuda ülkemizde yapılacak çalışmalar için bir ön kaynak oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır.
The purpose of the present study was concerned with the taxonomy and influences of some cultural ... more The purpose of the present study was concerned with the taxonomy and influences of some cultural conditions on growth and antimicrobial metabolite production of a strain of Streptomyces, designated KGG32, which is a highly stable antimicrobial metabolite producer against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria under in-vitro growth conditions. In order to optimize the culture conditions for the production of antimicrobial metabolite, such as the effect of different temperatures, nature of carbon and nitrogen sources, pH value and time incubation were determined. Effects of nutritional compounds on production of antimicrobial compounds showed that the highest antimicrobial activities were obtained when sucrose at 1.0% (w/v) level was used as sole carbon source, under aerobic conditions at temperature 30°C, pH at 7.5. Bacteriological peptone was identified as nitrogen source that significantly affected antibiotic production followed by meat extract. Phenotypic characters of the s...
A comparative evaluation was conducted to assess the effects of some environmental parameters suc... more A comparative evaluation was conducted to assess the effects of some environmental parameters such as pH, type of carbon source, salinity and temperature on the mycelial growth of six species of an ectomycorrhizal fungus, Morchella spp. (M. costata, M. elata, M. esculenta, M. hortensis, M.intermedia and M. rotunda) collected from different parts of Turkey. All carbon sources were found to be beneficial for mycelial growth. However, glucose, sucrose, maltose and fructose were better sources of carbon for some morels. Maximum mycelial growth in Petri dishes was achieved at 20 and 25 0 C after three weeks incubation for all Morchella species. Growth was reduced significantly below 15 0 C and above 30 0 C. Different pH and salinity (NaCI) levels markedly affected the mycelial growth of the fungi.
ABSTRACT New saturated N,N′-bis(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazolinium salts ((3),(4),(6)) and N,N′- bis(... more ABSTRACT New saturated N,N′-bis(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazolinium salts ((3),(4),(6)) and N,N′- bis(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazolidine (5) were synthesized and characterized. The salts were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against the Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity against a Candida albicans. Compound (4) showed very strong activity against S. epidermidis with the best MIC (169 μg/mL).
Plant parts were powdered, extracted in a Soxhlet extractor with n-butanol and ethanol (60-80oC) ... more Plant parts were powdered, extracted in a Soxhlet extractor with n-butanol and ethanol (60-80oC) for 12 h, filtered using Whatman filter paper no:4 and the filtrate was then evaporated at 70oC. For determination of antimicrobial activity, different concentrations of crude extract tested against bacteria and yeasts by both well and disk diffusion method. Results showed that the Asphodelus aestivus extract
A total of 249 different Streptomyces strains were isolated from different sites of the North Cyp... more A total of 249 different Streptomyces strains were isolated from different sites of the North Cyprus habitats for their antimicrobial potential. Out of these, 66 isolates exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one of the tested microorganisms. Approximately, 51% isolates produced antibacterial substances against Gram-positive bacteria, 6% against Gram-negative bacteria, and 23% against both Gram negative and Gram-positive bacteria, whereas 18% of isolates showed antifungal activity. According to the spectrum of broadness, the two most active isolates were selected, and designed as KGG13 and KVK11. A great variety of morphological, physiological and biochemical features of selected strains were determined for their taxonomic position, and obtained data strongly suggested that these strains belong to the genus Streptomyces, confirmed by their antimicrobial activity in batch culture. In order to standardize the antibiotic production, some cultural conditions, such as the effect...
... Antibacterial activity of some actinomycetes isolated from farming soils of Turkey Mustafa Os... more ... Antibacterial activity of some actinomycetes isolated from farming soils of Turkey Mustafa Oskay*, A. Üsame Tamer and Cem Azeri Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Celal Bayar University, Campus of Muradiye, 45030, Manisa, Turkey. Accepted 12 July, 2004. ...
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