India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of glo... more India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of global death count due to floods. Bihar is India’s most flood-prone State, with 76 percent of the population, in the north Bihar living under the recurring threat of flood devastation. The Kosi River in north Bihar plains presents a challenge in terms of long and recurring flood hazard. Despite a long history of flood control management in the basin for more than 5 decades, the river continues to bring a lot of misery through extensive flooding. For this reason, it is often called “Sorrow of Bihar”. Supaul district is one of the most flood affected district of India but the disaster management facility and planning is inadequate. Out of 11 blocks, 5 blocks are affected by flood every year. The aim of present paper was to study different aspects of Kosi flood and disaster management at district level. The study is based on secondary data as well as primary data. The analysis made here follow...
From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most heinous and f... more From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most heinous and frequent forms of violence against women. In India, with a relatively more severe taboo on sex and sex offences committed on women, one could well visualise the most drastic consequences of such crime on the victims. The Geography of rape crime in India is very peculiar. Though rape crime is widespread in all societies whether developed or underdeveloped, India has a very low rate of rape as compared to developed countries, but it is also a fact that there is a high variation in volume of rape from one state to another in India.The discussion begins with an overview on status of women in Indian society, rape and related issues. The objective of this paper is to examine spatial pattern of rape crime. The National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) publication ‘Crime in India’ provides data related to women specific crime under caption ‘Crime against Women’. These are the data analysed in this pape...
The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)... more The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and India Vision 2020 in the context of the slums of Varanasi city. India has been facing the problem of growing urban poverty due to rapid urbanisation. According to the Census of India 2011, about 65 million people live in urban slums, which are overcrowded, polluted, unhygienic, and deprived of basic services. This paper compares the goals and targets of UN MDGs and India Vision 2020 with the status of the slum dwellers of Varanasi city. The study is based on primary data, which includes survey of 150 households of five different slums of Varanasi city. The study reveals that more than 70% people are illiterate, less than 35% of population access government health facilities, only 36% household use tap water, etc. This comparison portrays a pathetic picture of slums and the inabilities to achieve both MDGs and national goals.Key words:MDGs, India Vision 2020, Slums, Poverty, Quality ...
Rapid urbanisation and the insufficient infrastructure and basic urban services in cities have le... more Rapid urbanisation and the insufficient infrastructure and basic urban services in cities have led to the proliferation of slums in India. As per the Census of India 2011, 2613 towns reported slums having 65 million dwellers. Varanasi is not an exception to this pattern. Slum locations are spread all over the city. The objectives of this paper to study and analyze the distribution of slums in Varanasi city. The paper also aims to study characteristics of slums including education, health and quality of life dimensions. The paper is based on secondary as well as primary data. Primary data were collected through an interview schedule by a field survey of 384 households in selected sample slum clusters. The paper presents the spatial distribution of slums in Varanasi City and reviewed the condition of slums based on secondary and primary data and provides a microlevel inter zonal in-depth analysis of Quality of life in slums of the city.
This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living i... more This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living in slums on the basis of versatile methodology of Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) which can be readily adjusted to incorporate alternative indicators, cut-offs and weights that might be appropriate in local contexts. Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women who are responsible for household, children and family members. Total ten indicators have been chosen from three sectors (health, economic and working status, value in family) to determine deprivation of female slum residents. The present study is based on Primary data which has been collected from six different slums of Varanasi city. The paper reveals that the more than 50 percent women living in six surveyed slums are multidimensionally deprived but spatial variation can be identified across all slums and across all indicators. The paper also identifies three different categor...
The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and town... more The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and towns at the centre of India's development trajectory. With India becoming increasingly globalized and urban, there is also an increase in the number of poor people living here. The prime objective of this paper is to analyze the trend and spatial pattern of urban poverty in India. Discussion starts with urbanization process and its trend in India followed by definition and measurement of urban poverty, trend of urban poverty and its spatial pattern and presents a comprehensive view of spatiotemporal dimension of urban poverty in India. The spatial pattern reveals a relationship between development and urban poverty, i.e, developed states have less percentage of urban poor and vice-versa. The relationship between urbanisation i.e, percentage of urban population to total population and percentage of urban poverty also reveals an interesting result that more urbanized states have less shar...
Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal, 2014
Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is gr... more Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is growing faster in urban areas than in rural areas. Around the world, approximately one billion people live in urban slums, which are typically overcrowded, polluted and lack basic services. The situation is worst in developing countries like India. The slums of Varanasi portray a pathetic picture of life in slums. Social problems, disparities, well being and quality of life are the new domains of geographic study in this post-modern era. Quality of life studies form part of human geography, radical geography, welfare geography and of philosophical geography. The quality of life studies are becoming more relevant for inclusive development of society and country.This study is based on primary survey of 150 households of 5 different slums (Rajghat, Onkareshwar, Sigra, Durgakund and Nagwa) of Varanasi city. This paper is an attempt to determine the quality of life statistically in slums of Var...
Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women beca... more Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women because they are deprived of own basic necessities like nutritious food, health, education etc. the prime objective of this paper is to analyze the living and working condition of women living in slums of Varanasi city. This paper also aims to evaluate the comparative condition of women live in different slums of the city. In this paper, both primary and secondary data has been used, primary data has been collected through interview schedule and secondary data collected from various governmental agencies like Census of India, Varanasi Municipal Corporation, Rajiv Awas Yojna, DUDA etc. The study reveals pathetic condition of women living in slums of Varanasi in terms of health, economic and working status as well as value in family. The study also highlights that the condition of women differs from one slum to another.
Urban poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and one indicator, such as income, is not capable ... more Urban poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and one indicator, such as income, is not capable to measure multiple aspects that contribute to poverty. Unlike monatary approach to measure poverty, various scholars have been developed various types of index based on human development approach. However, slums and poverty are related and mutually reinforcing, but the relationship is not always straightforward. Slum dwellers are not a homogenous population. This paper is an attempt to design and develop a multidimensional poverty index for slums based on lines of versatile methodology of global MPI which might be appropriate in local contexts.
This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living i... more This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living in slums on the basis of versatile methodology of Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) which can be readily adjusted to incorporate alternative indicators, cut-offs and weights that might be appropriate in local contexts. Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women who are responsible for household, children and family members. Total ten indicators have been chosen from three sectors (health, economic and working status, value in family) to determine deprivation of female slum residents. The present study is based on Primary data which has been collected from six different slums of Varanasi city. The paper reveals that the more than 50 percent women living in six surveyed slums are multidimensionally deprived but spatial variation can be identified across all slums and across all indicators. The paper also identifies three different categories of slums on the basis of their deprivation score C.
The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and town... more The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and towns at the centre of India's development trajectory. With India becoming increasingly globalized and urban, there is also an increase in the number of poor people living here. The prime objective of this paper is to analyze the trend and spatial pattern of urban poverty in India. Discussion starts with urbanization process and its trend in India followed by definition and measurement of urban poverty, trend of urban poverty and its spatial pattern and presents a comprehensive view of spatiotemporal dimension of urban poverty in India. The spatial pattern reveals a relationship between development and urban poverty, i.e, developed states have less percentage of urban poor and vice-versa. The relationship between urbanisation i.e, percentage of urban population to total population and percentage of urban poverty also reveals an interesting result that more urbanized states have less share of urban poverty and vice-versa. The paper also identifies future research scope to identify micro level trend and spatial pattern.
From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most
heinous and ... more From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most heinous and frequent forms of violence against women. In India, with a relatively more severe taboo on sex and sex offences committed on women, one could well visualise the most drastic consequences of such crime on the victims. The Geography of rape crime in India is very peculiar. Though rape crime is widespread in all societies whether developed or underdeveloped, India has a very low rate of rape as compared to developed countries, but it is also a fact that there is a high variation in volume of rape from one state to another in India. The discussion begins with an overview on status of women in Indian society, rape and related issues. The objective of this paper is to examine spatial pattern of Rape crime. The National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) publication ‘Crime in India’ provides data related to women specific crime under caption ‘Crime against Women’. These are the data analysed in this paper. For determining the spatial pattern and different level of vulnerability Standard Deviation (SD) technique has been used. Average Rate of rape crime is considered as standard variable and SD is calculated by using formula. The level of vulnerability under deviation is grouped and finally comparative analysis is done to show spatial variation. The paper also analyzes the relation between rate of rape and socio-economic indicators of society.
Key Words: Rape, Geography of Crime, Crime against Women, Crime in India, SD technique
India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of gl... more India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of global death count due to floods. Bihar is India’s most flood-prone State, with 76 percent of the population, in the north Bihar living under the recurring threat of flood devastation. The Kosi River in north Bihar plains presents a challenge in terms of long and recurring flood hazard. Despite a long history of flood control management in the basin for more than 5 decades, the river continues to bring a lot of misery through extensive flooding. For this reason, it is often called “Sorrow of Bihar”. Supaul district is one of the most flood affected district of India but the disaster management facility and planning is inadequate. Out of 11 blocks, 5 blocks are affected by flood every year. The aim of present paper was to study different aspects of Kosi flood and disaster management at district level. The study is based on secondary data as well as primary data. The analysis made here follows statistical methods and cartographic techniques, interpretation of maps and diagrams, recording varying observation on temporal and spatial scale. The paper briefly discusses the dynamic nature of the Kosi River as well as trend and pattern of kosi flood. A discussion is made on disaster management facility available at district level .The paper also recommends a way forward.
The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)... more The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and India Vision 2020 in the context of the slums of Varanasi city. India has been facing the problem of growing urban poverty due to rapid urbanisation. According to the Census of India 2011, about 65 million people live in urban slums, which are overcrowded, polluted, unhygienic, and deprived of basic services. This paper compares the goals and targets of UN MDGs and India Vision 2020 with the status of the slum dwellers of Varanasi city. The study is based on primary data, which includes survey of 150 households of five different slums of Varanasi city. The study reveals that more than 70% people are illiterate, less than 35% of population access government health facilities, only 36% household use tap water, etc. This comparison portrays a pathetic picture of slums and the inabilities to achieve both MDGs and national goals.
Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is gr... more Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is growing faster in urban areas than in rural areas. Around the world, approximately one billion people live in urban slums, which are typically overcrowded, polluted and lack basic services. The situation is worst in developing countries like India. The slums of Varanasi portray a pathetic picture of life in slums. Social problems, disparities, well being and quality of life are the new domains of geographic study in this post-modern era. Quality of life studies form part of human geography, radical geography, welfare geography and of philosophical geography. The quality of life studies are becoming more relevant for inclusive development of society and country. This study is based on primary survey of 150 households of 5 different slums (Rajghat, Onkareshwar, Sigra, Durgakund and Nagwa) of Varanasi city. This paper is an attempt to determine the quality of life statistically in slums of Varanasi city. For determining the Quality of Life in slums Composite Index and Standard Deviation techniques has been used. To calculate the composite index 10 variables were chosen to determine QOL. The paper also attempts to briefly compare the condition of slum dwellers with the targets of UN MDG and India vision 2020 and suggest some measures of inclusive development and planning to improve quality of life in slums.
India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of glo... more India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of global death count due to floods. Bihar is India’s most flood-prone State, with 76 percent of the population, in the north Bihar living under the recurring threat of flood devastation. The Kosi River in north Bihar plains presents a challenge in terms of long and recurring flood hazard. Despite a long history of flood control management in the basin for more than 5 decades, the river continues to bring a lot of misery through extensive flooding. For this reason, it is often called “Sorrow of Bihar”. Supaul district is one of the most flood affected district of India but the disaster management facility and planning is inadequate. Out of 11 blocks, 5 blocks are affected by flood every year. The aim of present paper was to study different aspects of Kosi flood and disaster management at district level. The study is based on secondary data as well as primary data. The analysis made here follow...
From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most heinous and f... more From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most heinous and frequent forms of violence against women. In India, with a relatively more severe taboo on sex and sex offences committed on women, one could well visualise the most drastic consequences of such crime on the victims. The Geography of rape crime in India is very peculiar. Though rape crime is widespread in all societies whether developed or underdeveloped, India has a very low rate of rape as compared to developed countries, but it is also a fact that there is a high variation in volume of rape from one state to another in India.The discussion begins with an overview on status of women in Indian society, rape and related issues. The objective of this paper is to examine spatial pattern of rape crime. The National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) publication ‘Crime in India’ provides data related to women specific crime under caption ‘Crime against Women’. These are the data analysed in this pape...
The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)... more The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and India Vision 2020 in the context of the slums of Varanasi city. India has been facing the problem of growing urban poverty due to rapid urbanisation. According to the Census of India 2011, about 65 million people live in urban slums, which are overcrowded, polluted, unhygienic, and deprived of basic services. This paper compares the goals and targets of UN MDGs and India Vision 2020 with the status of the slum dwellers of Varanasi city. The study is based on primary data, which includes survey of 150 households of five different slums of Varanasi city. The study reveals that more than 70% people are illiterate, less than 35% of population access government health facilities, only 36% household use tap water, etc. This comparison portrays a pathetic picture of slums and the inabilities to achieve both MDGs and national goals.Key words:MDGs, India Vision 2020, Slums, Poverty, Quality ...
Rapid urbanisation and the insufficient infrastructure and basic urban services in cities have le... more Rapid urbanisation and the insufficient infrastructure and basic urban services in cities have led to the proliferation of slums in India. As per the Census of India 2011, 2613 towns reported slums having 65 million dwellers. Varanasi is not an exception to this pattern. Slum locations are spread all over the city. The objectives of this paper to study and analyze the distribution of slums in Varanasi city. The paper also aims to study characteristics of slums including education, health and quality of life dimensions. The paper is based on secondary as well as primary data. Primary data were collected through an interview schedule by a field survey of 384 households in selected sample slum clusters. The paper presents the spatial distribution of slums in Varanasi City and reviewed the condition of slums based on secondary and primary data and provides a microlevel inter zonal in-depth analysis of Quality of life in slums of the city.
This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living i... more This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living in slums on the basis of versatile methodology of Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) which can be readily adjusted to incorporate alternative indicators, cut-offs and weights that might be appropriate in local contexts. Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women who are responsible for household, children and family members. Total ten indicators have been chosen from three sectors (health, economic and working status, value in family) to determine deprivation of female slum residents. The present study is based on Primary data which has been collected from six different slums of Varanasi city. The paper reveals that the more than 50 percent women living in six surveyed slums are multidimensionally deprived but spatial variation can be identified across all slums and across all indicators. The paper also identifies three different categor...
The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and town... more The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and towns at the centre of India's development trajectory. With India becoming increasingly globalized and urban, there is also an increase in the number of poor people living here. The prime objective of this paper is to analyze the trend and spatial pattern of urban poverty in India. Discussion starts with urbanization process and its trend in India followed by definition and measurement of urban poverty, trend of urban poverty and its spatial pattern and presents a comprehensive view of spatiotemporal dimension of urban poverty in India. The spatial pattern reveals a relationship between development and urban poverty, i.e, developed states have less percentage of urban poor and vice-versa. The relationship between urbanisation i.e, percentage of urban population to total population and percentage of urban poverty also reveals an interesting result that more urbanized states have less shar...
Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal, 2014
Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is gr... more Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is growing faster in urban areas than in rural areas. Around the world, approximately one billion people live in urban slums, which are typically overcrowded, polluted and lack basic services. The situation is worst in developing countries like India. The slums of Varanasi portray a pathetic picture of life in slums. Social problems, disparities, well being and quality of life are the new domains of geographic study in this post-modern era. Quality of life studies form part of human geography, radical geography, welfare geography and of philosophical geography. The quality of life studies are becoming more relevant for inclusive development of society and country.This study is based on primary survey of 150 households of 5 different slums (Rajghat, Onkareshwar, Sigra, Durgakund and Nagwa) of Varanasi city. This paper is an attempt to determine the quality of life statistically in slums of Var...
Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women beca... more Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women because they are deprived of own basic necessities like nutritious food, health, education etc. the prime objective of this paper is to analyze the living and working condition of women living in slums of Varanasi city. This paper also aims to evaluate the comparative condition of women live in different slums of the city. In this paper, both primary and secondary data has been used, primary data has been collected through interview schedule and secondary data collected from various governmental agencies like Census of India, Varanasi Municipal Corporation, Rajiv Awas Yojna, DUDA etc. The study reveals pathetic condition of women living in slums of Varanasi in terms of health, economic and working status as well as value in family. The study also highlights that the condition of women differs from one slum to another.
Urban poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and one indicator, such as income, is not capable ... more Urban poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and one indicator, such as income, is not capable to measure multiple aspects that contribute to poverty. Unlike monatary approach to measure poverty, various scholars have been developed various types of index based on human development approach. However, slums and poverty are related and mutually reinforcing, but the relationship is not always straightforward. Slum dwellers are not a homogenous population. This paper is an attempt to design and develop a multidimensional poverty index for slums based on lines of versatile methodology of global MPI which might be appropriate in local contexts.
This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living i... more This paper is an attempt to calculate Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) for Women living in slums on the basis of versatile methodology of Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) which can be readily adjusted to incorporate alternative indicators, cut-offs and weights that might be appropriate in local contexts. Life is hard in slum where no basic facilities are available and it is much harder for women who are responsible for household, children and family members. Total ten indicators have been chosen from three sectors (health, economic and working status, value in family) to determine deprivation of female slum residents. The present study is based on Primary data which has been collected from six different slums of Varanasi city. The paper reveals that the more than 50 percent women living in six surveyed slums are multidimensionally deprived but spatial variation can be identified across all slums and across all indicators. The paper also identifies three different categories of slums on the basis of their deprivation score C.
The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and town... more The urban transition of India is not simply a shift of demographics but it places cities and towns at the centre of India's development trajectory. With India becoming increasingly globalized and urban, there is also an increase in the number of poor people living here. The prime objective of this paper is to analyze the trend and spatial pattern of urban poverty in India. Discussion starts with urbanization process and its trend in India followed by definition and measurement of urban poverty, trend of urban poverty and its spatial pattern and presents a comprehensive view of spatiotemporal dimension of urban poverty in India. The spatial pattern reveals a relationship between development and urban poverty, i.e, developed states have less percentage of urban poor and vice-versa. The relationship between urbanisation i.e, percentage of urban population to total population and percentage of urban poverty also reveals an interesting result that more urbanized states have less share of urban poverty and vice-versa. The paper also identifies future research scope to identify micro level trend and spatial pattern.
From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most
heinous and ... more From womb to tomb, a woman is under the constant fear of violence. Rape is the most heinous and frequent forms of violence against women. In India, with a relatively more severe taboo on sex and sex offences committed on women, one could well visualise the most drastic consequences of such crime on the victims. The Geography of rape crime in India is very peculiar. Though rape crime is widespread in all societies whether developed or underdeveloped, India has a very low rate of rape as compared to developed countries, but it is also a fact that there is a high variation in volume of rape from one state to another in India. The discussion begins with an overview on status of women in Indian society, rape and related issues. The objective of this paper is to examine spatial pattern of Rape crime. The National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) publication ‘Crime in India’ provides data related to women specific crime under caption ‘Crime against Women’. These are the data analysed in this paper. For determining the spatial pattern and different level of vulnerability Standard Deviation (SD) technique has been used. Average Rate of rape crime is considered as standard variable and SD is calculated by using formula. The level of vulnerability under deviation is grouped and finally comparative analysis is done to show spatial variation. The paper also analyzes the relation between rate of rape and socio-economic indicators of society.
Key Words: Rape, Geography of Crime, Crime against Women, Crime in India, SD technique
India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of gl... more India is one of the worst flood-affected countries in the world and accounts for one fifth of global death count due to floods. Bihar is India’s most flood-prone State, with 76 percent of the population, in the north Bihar living under the recurring threat of flood devastation. The Kosi River in north Bihar plains presents a challenge in terms of long and recurring flood hazard. Despite a long history of flood control management in the basin for more than 5 decades, the river continues to bring a lot of misery through extensive flooding. For this reason, it is often called “Sorrow of Bihar”. Supaul district is one of the most flood affected district of India but the disaster management facility and planning is inadequate. Out of 11 blocks, 5 blocks are affected by flood every year. The aim of present paper was to study different aspects of Kosi flood and disaster management at district level. The study is based on secondary data as well as primary data. The analysis made here follows statistical methods and cartographic techniques, interpretation of maps and diagrams, recording varying observation on temporal and spatial scale. The paper briefly discusses the dynamic nature of the Kosi River as well as trend and pattern of kosi flood. A discussion is made on disaster management facility available at district level .The paper also recommends a way forward.
The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)... more The objective of this paper is to examine the achievements of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and India Vision 2020 in the context of the slums of Varanasi city. India has been facing the problem of growing urban poverty due to rapid urbanisation. According to the Census of India 2011, about 65 million people live in urban slums, which are overcrowded, polluted, unhygienic, and deprived of basic services. This paper compares the goals and targets of UN MDGs and India Vision 2020 with the status of the slum dwellers of Varanasi city. The study is based on primary data, which includes survey of 150 households of five different slums of Varanasi city. The study reveals that more than 70% people are illiterate, less than 35% of population access government health facilities, only 36% household use tap water, etc. This comparison portrays a pathetic picture of slums and the inabilities to achieve both MDGs and national goals.
Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is gr... more Though urbanisation is an indicator of development, but it is also bitter fact that poverty is growing faster in urban areas than in rural areas. Around the world, approximately one billion people live in urban slums, which are typically overcrowded, polluted and lack basic services. The situation is worst in developing countries like India. The slums of Varanasi portray a pathetic picture of life in slums. Social problems, disparities, well being and quality of life are the new domains of geographic study in this post-modern era. Quality of life studies form part of human geography, radical geography, welfare geography and of philosophical geography. The quality of life studies are becoming more relevant for inclusive development of society and country. This study is based on primary survey of 150 households of 5 different slums (Rajghat, Onkareshwar, Sigra, Durgakund and Nagwa) of Varanasi city. This paper is an attempt to determine the quality of life statistically in slums of Varanasi city. For determining the Quality of Life in slums Composite Index and Standard Deviation techniques has been used. To calculate the composite index 10 variables were chosen to determine QOL. The paper also attempts to briefly compare the condition of slum dwellers with the targets of UN MDG and India vision 2020 and suggest some measures of inclusive development and planning to improve quality of life in slums.
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Papers by Darshan Kumar Jha
heinous and frequent forms of violence against women. In India, with a relatively more severe
taboo on sex and sex offences committed on women, one could well visualise the most drastic
consequences of such crime on the victims. The Geography of rape crime in India is very
peculiar. Though rape crime is widespread in all societies whether developed or
underdeveloped, India has a very low rate of rape as compared to developed countries, but it is
also a fact that there is a high variation in volume of rape from one state to another in India.
The discussion begins with an overview on status of women in Indian society, rape and
related issues. The objective of this paper is to examine spatial pattern of Rape crime. The
National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) publication ‘Crime in India’ provides data related to
women specific crime under caption ‘Crime against Women’. These are the data analysed in this
paper. For determining the spatial pattern and different level of vulnerability Standard
Deviation (SD) technique has been used. Average Rate of rape crime is considered as standard
variable and SD is calculated by using formula. The level of vulnerability under deviation is
grouped and finally comparative analysis is done to show spatial variation. The paper also
analyzes the relation between rate of rape and socio-economic indicators of society.
Key Words: Rape, Geography of Crime, Crime against Women, Crime in India, SD technique
This study is based on primary survey of 150 households of 5 different slums (Rajghat, Onkareshwar, Sigra, Durgakund and Nagwa) of Varanasi city. This paper is an attempt to determine the quality of life statistically in slums of Varanasi city. For determining the Quality of Life in slums Composite Index and Standard Deviation techniques has been used. To calculate the composite index 10 variables were chosen to determine QOL. The paper also attempts to briefly compare the condition of slum dwellers with the targets of UN MDG and India vision 2020 and suggest some measures of inclusive development and planning to improve quality of life in slums.
heinous and frequent forms of violence against women. In India, with a relatively more severe
taboo on sex and sex offences committed on women, one could well visualise the most drastic
consequences of such crime on the victims. The Geography of rape crime in India is very
peculiar. Though rape crime is widespread in all societies whether developed or
underdeveloped, India has a very low rate of rape as compared to developed countries, but it is
also a fact that there is a high variation in volume of rape from one state to another in India.
The discussion begins with an overview on status of women in Indian society, rape and
related issues. The objective of this paper is to examine spatial pattern of Rape crime. The
National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) publication ‘Crime in India’ provides data related to
women specific crime under caption ‘Crime against Women’. These are the data analysed in this
paper. For determining the spatial pattern and different level of vulnerability Standard
Deviation (SD) technique has been used. Average Rate of rape crime is considered as standard
variable and SD is calculated by using formula. The level of vulnerability under deviation is
grouped and finally comparative analysis is done to show spatial variation. The paper also
analyzes the relation between rate of rape and socio-economic indicators of society.
Key Words: Rape, Geography of Crime, Crime against Women, Crime in India, SD technique
This study is based on primary survey of 150 households of 5 different slums (Rajghat, Onkareshwar, Sigra, Durgakund and Nagwa) of Varanasi city. This paper is an attempt to determine the quality of life statistically in slums of Varanasi city. For determining the Quality of Life in slums Composite Index and Standard Deviation techniques has been used. To calculate the composite index 10 variables were chosen to determine QOL. The paper also attempts to briefly compare the condition of slum dwellers with the targets of UN MDG and India vision 2020 and suggest some measures of inclusive development and planning to improve quality of life in slums.