The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is ... more The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is an important discipline of engineering. Metallurgy is often defined as an art and science of extracting metals from its ore, shaping and treating to render them useful for the service of mankind. Although the Indian metallurgical knowledge has history spanning several centuries but the history of formal metallurgical education is only one century old.
India has emerged as second largest steel maker in the world by producing 118 million ton in 2021... more India has emerged as second largest steel maker in the world by producing 118 million ton in 2021 and proposes to make ~ 300 million ton in the near future. India is blessed with rich iron ore deposits but faces difficulties with regard to metallurgical coal and low silica limestone reserves. The expanding steel industry in India faces many other challenges e. g. decreasing quality of iron ore, nonavailability of good quality coke and flux, solid waste generation & its recycling, declining water resources, human resource availability & quality, environmental issues etc. In this paper two issues are highlighted in view of their significance: 'Use of Biomass as Reductant for Ironmaking' to meet global obligation of minimising CO 2 emission and 'Dedicated Academic Institution for Steel Industries' to provide quality human resource. Metallurgical grade coke is needed for the production of hot iron by blast furnaces which is in short supply and not desired in view of global warming caused by carbon dioxide gas emission. The injection of biomass char powder in blast furnace has been reported to be successful in substituting coal injection partially. This is a step towards finding partial substitute to coal injection and has been explained in this paper. The metallurgical graduates are needed to manage steel plants. The steel plants are experiencing difficulty in attracting IIT/NIT graduates for steel plant management due to market forces. Those who join steel plant are found to be poorly exposed to subjects like fuels, furnace design, refractory, ferrous metallurgy and environmental issues due to various reasons. This affects management ability to understand new challenges and finding remedies. This issue is also highlighted in this paper.
The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is ... more The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is an important discipline of engineering. Metallurgy is often defined as an art and science of extracting metals from its ore, shaping and treating to render them useful for the service of mankind. Although the Indian metallurgical knowledge has history spanning several centuries but the history of formal metallurgical education is only one century old.
Although plain carbon steels are produced commercially, few studies seem to attempt to develop a ... more Although plain carbon steels are produced commercially, few studies seem to attempt to develop a mathematical model for applications in computer-controlled mills. An expression is proposed to calculate hot-rolling loads while rolling in austenitic regions (800–1100 °C) giving a 30% reduction in each pass. L/W=(6−37 × 10−4T) + [(7.9−73 × 10−4T) × C] + [(5.2−51 × 10−4 T) × Si] where L/W-rolling load per unit width (kN/mm) T-mean hot rolling temperature (°C) C and Si-carbon and silicon in steel (wt%) Among common alloying elements, carbon content had a more significant effect on rolling loads than silicon content, and the amount of manganese had practically no effect hence, it is not incorporated in the proposed equation.
Nitrogen in steel has been the subject of interest due to its beneficial effect in stainless stee... more Nitrogen in steel has been the subject of interest due to its beneficial effect in stainless steels. Amongst several techniques the nitrogen plasma technique is known for its ability to rapidly add nitrogen to the melt. This method being new and has yet gained industrial popularity. This paper discusses the significance of such study at the present, refers to the basic studies made on the subject and highlights the nitrogen mass transfer mechanisms operating under different experimental conditions
The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is ... more The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is an important discipline of engineering. Metallurgy is often defined as an art and science of extracting metals from its ore, shaping and treating to render them useful for the service of mankind. Although the Indian metallurgical knowledge has history spanning several centuries but the history of formal metallurgical education is only one century old.
India has emerged as second largest steel maker in the world by producing 118 million ton in 2021... more India has emerged as second largest steel maker in the world by producing 118 million ton in 2021 and proposes to make ~ 300 million ton in the near future. India is blessed with rich iron ore deposits but faces difficulties with regard to metallurgical coal and low silica limestone reserves. The expanding steel industry in India faces many other challenges e. g. decreasing quality of iron ore, nonavailability of good quality coke and flux, solid waste generation & its recycling, declining water resources, human resource availability & quality, environmental issues etc. In this paper two issues are highlighted in view of their significance: 'Use of Biomass as Reductant for Ironmaking' to meet global obligation of minimising CO 2 emission and 'Dedicated Academic Institution for Steel Industries' to provide quality human resource. Metallurgical grade coke is needed for the production of hot iron by blast furnaces which is in short supply and not desired in view of global warming caused by carbon dioxide gas emission. The injection of biomass char powder in blast furnace has been reported to be successful in substituting coal injection partially. This is a step towards finding partial substitute to coal injection and has been explained in this paper. The metallurgical graduates are needed to manage steel plants. The steel plants are experiencing difficulty in attracting IIT/NIT graduates for steel plant management due to market forces. Those who join steel plant are found to be poorly exposed to subjects like fuels, furnace design, refractory, ferrous metallurgy and environmental issues due to various reasons. This affects management ability to understand new challenges and finding remedies. This issue is also highlighted in this paper.
The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is ... more The knowledge of metallurgical art can be traced with the history of mankind and presently it is an important discipline of engineering. Metallurgy is often defined as an art and science of extracting metals from its ore, shaping and treating to render them useful for the service of mankind. Although the Indian metallurgical knowledge has history spanning several centuries but the history of formal metallurgical education is only one century old.
Although plain carbon steels are produced commercially, few studies seem to attempt to develop a ... more Although plain carbon steels are produced commercially, few studies seem to attempt to develop a mathematical model for applications in computer-controlled mills. An expression is proposed to calculate hot-rolling loads while rolling in austenitic regions (800–1100 °C) giving a 30% reduction in each pass. L/W=(6−37 × 10−4T) + [(7.9−73 × 10−4T) × C] + [(5.2−51 × 10−4 T) × Si] where L/W-rolling load per unit width (kN/mm) T-mean hot rolling temperature (°C) C and Si-carbon and silicon in steel (wt%) Among common alloying elements, carbon content had a more significant effect on rolling loads than silicon content, and the amount of manganese had practically no effect hence, it is not incorporated in the proposed equation.
Nitrogen in steel has been the subject of interest due to its beneficial effect in stainless stee... more Nitrogen in steel has been the subject of interest due to its beneficial effect in stainless steels. Amongst several techniques the nitrogen plasma technique is known for its ability to rapidly add nitrogen to the melt. This method being new and has yet gained industrial popularity. This paper discusses the significance of such study at the present, refers to the basic studies made on the subject and highlights the nitrogen mass transfer mechanisms operating under different experimental conditions
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Papers by Prof R C Gupta