Papers by Zeynep Demir Uğuz
2023, V. Tokat Sempozyumu (14-16 Ekim 2022) Bildiriler Kitabı Cilt III, 2023
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Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi, 2024
In the study, The Orient News newspaper, published between the period Mondros Armistice and Turki... more In the study, The Orient News newspaper, published between the period Mondros Armistice and Turkish Independence War 1919-1922, has been studied in every respect. The Orient News is a daily newspaper published in Istanbul. However, the Newspaper had been tried to reach its subcribers in Turkey and other countries with the applied methods. It remained in publication life for more than three years and received financial support from the British War Office for a period of approximately two years from the publishing date. As a result of this support, it undertook a mission in the region and made British propaganda and editorialized its news on this basis. Kroecker's Hotel, was given as the address of the newspaper, is the headquarters of head of Military Intelligence “B” Division Bennett, who served in Istanbul during the Armistice Period. Its basements were used as interrogation rooms and torture chambers for the National Forces; this makes the newspaper more interesting. In the first issue, it was emphasized that the British people who had been in the region for a long time, need a newspaper published in their own language. Therefore the aim of the Orient News was to satisfy this rising need. Although focus of the news was Istanbul, many political, social and economic developments from all over the world were covered on the pages with the contribution of both international and national press. Its main authors were soldiers but it also requested news from all its readers on issues of general interest and brought these news to its pages. Due to the conditions of the period, political news had an overwhelming predominance on the topics covered in The Orient News. It gave place to the important political and military events that took place during the period of its publication in the details. It can be said that especially during the period of the Turkish-Greek wars, the newspaper turned into a military newspaper. While dealing with political issues, it acted within the framework of the interests of the British and the Entente, and often criticized the Turkish side on the basis of individuals and events, with news outside the line of neutrality. These criticisms of the newspaper were a result of its aim to make propaganda for the Entente and Greek forces in the region. In addition to political and military news, developments in social and economic matters were heavily covered in the newspaper. In this period, Istanbul's occupation led to deterioration in social and economic life, and the steps taken by the authorities regarding this issue and the reactions shown by the society were covered in detail. The news about the Turkish economy had been examined starting from the capitulations to the current situation of the Turkish currency and the economic difficulty of the Ottoman Empire had been revealed. With the termination of the financial support of the newspaper from the British War Office, a change had occurred both in the language of the news and in its physical characteristics. It reduced the orientalist and condescending expressions in its columns. It also tried to offer more content to its readers by increasing the page layout from four to five columns. However, the refrain of the providing financial support caused both economic difficulties and difficulties in getting news. Although there is no explanation as to why and exactly when it ceased publishing, it is possible that these difficulties were effective. As a result, The Orient News occupies a different place in the Ottoman press life with its British propaganda during the National Struggle Period and its soldier writers. It deals with Turkey's resistance against the occupation and its transformation from an empire to a nation-state from the side of the Allies. He tried to legitimize his policies by associating social and political developments with religious and political identities and interpreting them from the side of the "strong". In order to revisit the events that took place between 1919 and 1922 with the smallest details and from a different perspective, The Orient News is a feature that researchers working in this period should look at.
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Papers by Zeynep Demir Uğuz
Books by Zeynep Demir Uğuz