Viridiplantae
Viridiplantae | |
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Sistematika | |
Sinonimi | |
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Viridiplantae (u prevodu "zelene biljke")[5] su kladus eukariotskih organizama sa oko 450.000–500.000 vrsta i ima značajnu ulogu i i kopnenim i u vodenim ekosistemima.[6] Sačinjavaju ih zelene alge koje su prije svega vodene, i kopnene biljke (embriofite), koje su se pojavile unutar njih.[7][8][9]
Zelene alge tradicijski isključuju kopnene biljke i čine ih parafiletskom skupinom. Otkako je spoznato da su embriofiti nastali iz zelenih algi, neki autori počinju ih uključivati u ovaj kladus.[10][11][12][13][14] Imaju ćelije sa celuloznim zidovima i primarne hloroplaste, izvedene iz endosimbioza sa cijanobakterijama koje sadrže hlorofili a i b, bez fikobilina. Postoji više od 350.000 vrsta viridiplanta.[15] U nekim sistemima klasifikacije grupa se tretira kao carstvo,[16] pod raznim imenima, npr., Viridiplantae, Chlorobionta, ili jednostavno Plantae, a potonje se tradicijski proširuje na biljno carstvo i uključuje zelene alge. Adl i drugi, koji su 2005. godine napravili klasifikaciju za sve eukariote, za ovu grupu uveli su naziv Chloroplastida, odražavajući grupu koja ima primarni hloroplast sa zelenim hlorofilom. Odbacili su ime Viridiplantae s obrazloženjem da neke vrste nisu biljke, kako se tradicijski razumije.[17]
Viridiplantae čine dva kladus: Chlorophyta i Streptophyta kai i bazne Mesostigmatophyceae i Chlorokybophyceae.[18][19] Smatra se da, zajedno sa Rhodophyta i Glaucophyta, Viridiplantae pripadaju većem kladusu zvanom Archaeplastida ili Primoplantae. Taksonomska evaluacija eukariotas bazira na distribuciji miozina, pokazala je da su Viridiplantae izgubile miozina klase-I.[20]
Filogenija i klasifikacija
[uredi | uredi izvor]Leliaert et al. 2012
[uredi | uredi izvor]Pojednostavljena filogenija Viridiplantae, prema Leliaert et al. 2012.[21]
- Viridiplantae
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- core chlorophytes
- Prasinophytes (parafiletske)
Kladogram
[uredi | uredi izvor]Slijedi konsenzusna rekonstrukcija odnosa zelenih algi, uglavnom zasnovania na molekulskim podacima.[12][19][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]
Viridiplantae/ |
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Zelene alge |
Također pogledaj
[uredi | uredi izvor]Reference
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