Page 242. Chapter 11 Enhancement of RhizobiaLegumes Symbioses and Nitrogen Fixation for Crops Pr... more Page 242. Chapter 11 Enhancement of RhizobiaLegumes Symbioses and Nitrogen Fixation for Crops Productivity Improvement Hamdi Hussein Zahran Abstract Rhizobia form a very interesting symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants. ...
International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology, 2013
Fifty four bacterial strains were isolated from root nodules of the grain legumes Cicer arietinum... more Fifty four bacterial strains were isolated from root nodules of the grain legumes Cicer arietinum, Lens esculentus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, and Vicia faba grown in cultivated lands of Beni-Suef Governorate (Egypt). Repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) clustered the strains into 15 REP-PCR groups. The nearly complete sequence of the 16S rRNA gene from a representative strain of each REP-PCR pattern showed that the strains were closely related to members of the family Rhizobiaceae of the Alphaproteobacteria. Pairwise alignments between globally aligned sequences indicated that the strains from V. faba had 99.6% identity with Rhizobium leguminosarum, and those from P. vulgaris 99.76% and 100% with sequences from R. leguminosarum and R. mesosinicum, respectively. Strains from P. sativum had 99.76%, 99.84%, and 99.92% sequence identity with R. leguminosarum, R. etli, and R. pisi, respectively, and those from L. esculentus had 99.61% identity ...
... For example, 15 isolates of S. meliloti recovered from nodules of wild species of ... associa... more ... For example, 15 isolates of S. meliloti recovered from nodules of wild species of ... association with a wide range of rhizobia (Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, and Sinorhizobium), welladapted to ... The high sensitivity of the legumeRhizobium symbiosis to salinity has been recognized ...
Salt tolerance of five rhizobia strains was examined in broth cultures. Five levels of NaCl conce... more Salt tolerance of five rhizobia strains was examined in broth cultures. Five levels of NaCl concentration were used and the optical density was taken as a measure for the vigour of bacterial growth. Rhizobium leguminosarum and R. meliloti were tolerant to high levels of salinity and growth curves in saline broth showed a similar pattern to the control level. Rhizobium japonicum, cowpea Rhizobium, and R. trifolii were intolerant to salt and showed a strong growth retardation with increasing salt concentration. Growth was inhibited at high levels of salinity. It is suggested that rhizobia sensitivity to salts may be partly responsible to the inhibition of nitrogen fixation by legumes growing under salt stress.
About 20 strains of rhizobia from wild legumes were characterized based on numerical analysis of ... more About 20 strains of rhizobia from wild legumes were characterized based on numerical analysis of phenotypic characteristics, nodulating ability, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and SDS-PAGE profiles of whole cell proteins. FAME analysis revealed that palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0) and arachidonic (20:0) were detected in most of wild-legume rhizobia, the latter being uncommon in fatty acid profiles of Rhizobium and Sinorhizobium. Numerical analysis of FAME classified strains of wild-legume rhizobia into 9 clusters and one heterogeneous group. There was both agreement and disagreement with the clustering data based on phenotypic analysis and FAME analysis. Four strains were grouped together in the same cluster based on both methods. However, 4 another strains, which were placed in one cluster of phenotypic analysis, were distributed in several clusters after FAME analysis. SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins revealed that the rhizobial strains exhibited protein profiles with peptide bands ranging from 5-19 band per profile and showed molar mass of 110-183 kDa. As in the case of FAME analysis, numerical analysis of protein bands was compared with clustering of phenotypic analysis. Agreement of the two methods was obvious when clustering some strains but conflicted in the classification of some other strains. However, integration of the three methods could be the basis of a polyphasic taxonomy. The twenty strains of wild-legume rhizobia were finally classified as follows: 12 strains related to Rhizobium leguminosarum, 5 strains related to Sinorhizobium meliloti and 3 strains to Rhizobium spp. Rhizobia nodulating wild herb legumes are among indigenous strains nodulating crop legumes in cultivated as well as noncultivated lands.
Page 242. Chapter 11 Enhancement of RhizobiaLegumes Symbioses and Nitrogen Fixation for Crops Pr... more Page 242. Chapter 11 Enhancement of RhizobiaLegumes Symbioses and Nitrogen Fixation for Crops Productivity Improvement Hamdi Hussein Zahran Abstract Rhizobia form a very interesting symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants. ...
International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology, 2013
Fifty four bacterial strains were isolated from root nodules of the grain legumes Cicer arietinum... more Fifty four bacterial strains were isolated from root nodules of the grain legumes Cicer arietinum, Lens esculentus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, and Vicia faba grown in cultivated lands of Beni-Suef Governorate (Egypt). Repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) clustered the strains into 15 REP-PCR groups. The nearly complete sequence of the 16S rRNA gene from a representative strain of each REP-PCR pattern showed that the strains were closely related to members of the family Rhizobiaceae of the Alphaproteobacteria. Pairwise alignments between globally aligned sequences indicated that the strains from V. faba had 99.6% identity with Rhizobium leguminosarum, and those from P. vulgaris 99.76% and 100% with sequences from R. leguminosarum and R. mesosinicum, respectively. Strains from P. sativum had 99.76%, 99.84%, and 99.92% sequence identity with R. leguminosarum, R. etli, and R. pisi, respectively, and those from L. esculentus had 99.61% identity ...
... For example, 15 isolates of S. meliloti recovered from nodules of wild species of ... associa... more ... For example, 15 isolates of S. meliloti recovered from nodules of wild species of ... association with a wide range of rhizobia (Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, and Sinorhizobium), welladapted to ... The high sensitivity of the legumeRhizobium symbiosis to salinity has been recognized ...
Salt tolerance of five rhizobia strains was examined in broth cultures. Five levels of NaCl conce... more Salt tolerance of five rhizobia strains was examined in broth cultures. Five levels of NaCl concentration were used and the optical density was taken as a measure for the vigour of bacterial growth. Rhizobium leguminosarum and R. meliloti were tolerant to high levels of salinity and growth curves in saline broth showed a similar pattern to the control level. Rhizobium japonicum, cowpea Rhizobium, and R. trifolii were intolerant to salt and showed a strong growth retardation with increasing salt concentration. Growth was inhibited at high levels of salinity. It is suggested that rhizobia sensitivity to salts may be partly responsible to the inhibition of nitrogen fixation by legumes growing under salt stress.
About 20 strains of rhizobia from wild legumes were characterized based on numerical analysis of ... more About 20 strains of rhizobia from wild legumes were characterized based on numerical analysis of phenotypic characteristics, nodulating ability, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and SDS-PAGE profiles of whole cell proteins. FAME analysis revealed that palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0) and arachidonic (20:0) were detected in most of wild-legume rhizobia, the latter being uncommon in fatty acid profiles of Rhizobium and Sinorhizobium. Numerical analysis of FAME classified strains of wild-legume rhizobia into 9 clusters and one heterogeneous group. There was both agreement and disagreement with the clustering data based on phenotypic analysis and FAME analysis. Four strains were grouped together in the same cluster based on both methods. However, 4 another strains, which were placed in one cluster of phenotypic analysis, were distributed in several clusters after FAME analysis. SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins revealed that the rhizobial strains exhibited protein profiles with peptide bands ranging from 5-19 band per profile and showed molar mass of 110-183 kDa. As in the case of FAME analysis, numerical analysis of protein bands was compared with clustering of phenotypic analysis. Agreement of the two methods was obvious when clustering some strains but conflicted in the classification of some other strains. However, integration of the three methods could be the basis of a polyphasic taxonomy. The twenty strains of wild-legume rhizobia were finally classified as follows: 12 strains related to Rhizobium leguminosarum, 5 strains related to Sinorhizobium meliloti and 3 strains to Rhizobium spp. Rhizobia nodulating wild herb legumes are among indigenous strains nodulating crop legumes in cultivated as well as noncultivated lands.
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