Публікуецца рэестр (перапіс) зямян Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў сярэдзіны XVII ст. Дакумент па... more Публікуецца рэестр (перапіс) зямян Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў сярэдзіны XVII ст. Дакумент паўстаў у выніку агляду зямянскай харугвы, які быў праведзены ў Слуцку ў красавіку 1657 г., пасля заканчэння першага этапа разбуральнай вайны 1654–1667 гг. Перапіс адлюстроўвае цяжкае становішча мясцовай зямянскай супольнасці, істотнае змяншэнне яе вайсковага патэнцыялу ў выніку баявых дзеянняў. Пры гэтым звесткі крыніцы таксама дазваляюць прасачыць працэс засялення асобных засценкаў у першай пало- ве XVII ст., міграцыю зямянскіх родаў у розныя часткі Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў у гэты перыяд.
The structure of the service population in the Sluсk and Kapyĺ principalities at the end of the 1... more The structure of the service population in the Sluсk and Kapyĺ principalities at the end of the 16th century outwardly remained traditional, its main groups were ziemianie (who served in the military) and bajars (responsible for the transportation of goods and correspondence). At the same time, from the end of the 16th century the process of transition of part of the bajars to ziemianie duties began. As a rule, it took place through the transfer of the entire population of bajar settlements to ziemianie duties. Such a change in duty status was secured by documents issued by the Radziwiłł administration. Individual transitions to the ziemianie service were also recorded. As a result, during the 17th century the service community of the Sluck and Kapyĺ principalities became more homogeneous, most of the bajars began to perform ziemianie duties.
У першай палове XVII ст. баяры складалі адну з груп насельніцтва ў маёнтку Старыца Капыльскага кн... more У першай палове XVII ст. баяры складалі адну з груп насельніцтва ў маёнтку Старыца Капыльскага княства. У адрозненне ад зямян, яны не неслі ваеннай службы, а за карыстанне зямлёй плацілі чынш і выдавалі мёд на патрэбы маёнткавай гаспадаркі. Аднак пасля вайны 1654–1667 гг. баярская грамада ўвайшла ў склад зямянскай супольнасці. Пры гэтым жыхары некаторых былых баярскіх паселішчаў (Шылаўшчына), якія раней атрымалі зямянскі статус, ужо нічым не адрозніваліся ад традыцыйных зямян, у той час як для іншых баярскіх вёсак (Баркаўцы, Сычаўцы) пэўныя асаблівасці захоўваліся. Перш за ўсё, баярская адметнасць праяўлялася ў захаванні мядовай даніны, якая асобна патрабавалася ад жыхароў Баркаўцоў і Сычаўцоў да канца XVII ст. У XVIII ст. адрозненні, якія вылучалі былых баяр, сышлі ў нябыт. Жыхары Баркаўцоў і Сычаўцоў пачалі несці ваенную службу нароўні з іншымі зямянамі, таксама страціў значэнне абавязак выдачы імі мёду на карысць двара.
Artykuł omawia proces przeniesienia bojarów (chłopów odpowiedzialnych za dostawę towarów i koresp... more Artykuł omawia proces przeniesienia bojarów (chłopów odpowiedzialnych za dostawę towarów i korespondencji) do ziemiańskich obowiązków w prywatnych i kościelnych majątkach regionu nieświesko-słuckiego w XVIII wieku. Autor wyznacza i analizuje możliwości takich przemian, zauważa, że w posiadłościach książąt Radziwiłłów większość bojarów przeszła na służbę ziemiańską w poło-wie XVIII wieku. W majątkach kościelnych bojarzy jako odrębna grupa ludności przetrwali do końca XVIII wieku, chociaż stopniowo łączyli się względem obowiązków z chłopstwem czynszowym. Pomimo przeważnie chłopskiego pochodzenia bojarów osiągnięcie przez nich statusu ziemiańskiego pozwoliło im ubiegać się o uznanie za szlachtę pełnoprawną. W XIX wieku podczas "rozbioru szlachty" prze-prowadzonego przez władze rosyjskie pewna część bojarów zdążyła otrzymać urzędową legitymację (dworianstwo), z reguły drogą mistyfikacji własnego pochodzenia i fałszowania dokumentów potwier-dzających przynależność do szlachty. W niektórych przypadkach z tych przyczyn rody pochodzenia bojarskiego zmieniały nawet własne nazwiska.
В статье анализируется функционирование земянского сообщества Копыльского княжества – наследства ... more В статье анализируется функционирование земянского сообщества Копыльского княжества – наследства князей Олельковичей, в XVII–XVIII вв. находившегося во владении разных ветвей рода Радзивиллов. Очерчивается первоначальный состав земянского (военно-служилого) населения, выделяются роды, державшие земли и несшие службу на Копыльщине еще во второй половине XVI в. Оговариваются и характеризуются пути пополнения земянского сообщества, особое внимание обращено на случаи перехода крестьян на земянские повинности, механизм их закрепления в рядах земян. Определяются роды, принадлежавшие к земянской элите – державшие наибольшие земельные наделы, постоянно несшие непосредственную военную («казацкую») службу, входившие в офицерский корпус копыльской хоругви частных войск Радзивиллов.
Hlinski J. Falsification of Documents on the Nobility in the Sluck District of the Minsk Province... more Hlinski J. Falsification of Documents on the Nobility in the Sluck District of the Minsk Province in the late 18th - first half of the 19th century.
«The Ziemianie Community of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna Villages of
Sluck Duchy in the Second Half of... more «The Ziemianie Community of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna Villages of
Sluck Duchy in the Second Half of the Seventeenth – First Third of the
Nineteenth Century»
The article explores the formation and functioning of the local community of ziemianie (a social group serving in military units of Sluck Duchy), residing in the villages of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna and belonging to Hrozava estate. It reveals that the composition of the community remained stable until the late eighteenth century. In the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century within it there were several families (those of Filon Korbut, Andrzej Zawryd, Mateusz Osiejewski), whose members carried out a military (“kassak”) service and held larger manorial estates. After the inclusion of the Belarusian territories into the Russian Empire the social and territorial entity of the population of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna was violated – under the threat of enslaving part of ziemianie moved out from Hrozava estate, while the majority of those who stayed failed to prove the gentry status and were demoted to odnodvortsy.
In this article the author analyzed Sapieha’s and Tyszkiewicz’s cases as the different strategies... more In this article the author analyzed Sapieha’s and Tyszkiewicz’s cases as the different strategies of constructing their own ancestral history, used by the magnates of the Ruthenian origin. It is noted that at the beginning the Sapiehas sought to present themselves as the descendants of the Lithuanian nobleman Sunigajlo. It was not an example of changing of ethnic identity, it was the desire to join the narrow circle of the «old» Lithuanian aristocracy. Later (in the time of Leo Sapie ha) Ruthenian symbols were returned in Sapieha’s genealogy. On the contrary, the Tyszkiewiczs emphasized their Ruthenian origin, due to their inclusion in the local elite of Rus’.
Hlinski, J. S. The family memory or ordinary lie? The Battle of Vienna in 1683 and the cases of t... more Hlinski, J. S. The family memory or ordinary lie? The Battle of Vienna in 1683 and the cases of the proof of the nobility in the Minsk province
Публікуецца рэестр (перапіс) зямян Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў сярэдзіны XVII ст. Дакумент па... more Публікуецца рэестр (перапіс) зямян Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў сярэдзіны XVII ст. Дакумент паўстаў у выніку агляду зямянскай харугвы, які быў праведзены ў Слуцку ў красавіку 1657 г., пасля заканчэння першага этапа разбуральнай вайны 1654–1667 гг. Перапіс адлюстроўвае цяжкае становішча мясцовай зямянскай супольнасці, істотнае змяншэнне яе вайсковага патэнцыялу ў выніку баявых дзеянняў. Пры гэтым звесткі крыніцы таксама дазваляюць прасачыць працэс засялення асобных засценкаў у першай пало- ве XVII ст., міграцыю зямянскіх родаў у розныя часткі Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў у гэты перыяд.
The structure of the service population in the Sluсk and Kapyĺ principalities at the end of the 1... more The structure of the service population in the Sluсk and Kapyĺ principalities at the end of the 16th century outwardly remained traditional, its main groups were ziemianie (who served in the military) and bajars (responsible for the transportation of goods and correspondence). At the same time, from the end of the 16th century the process of transition of part of the bajars to ziemianie duties began. As a rule, it took place through the transfer of the entire population of bajar settlements to ziemianie duties. Such a change in duty status was secured by documents issued by the Radziwiłł administration. Individual transitions to the ziemianie service were also recorded. As a result, during the 17th century the service community of the Sluck and Kapyĺ principalities became more homogeneous, most of the bajars began to perform ziemianie duties.
У першай палове XVII ст. баяры складалі адну з груп насельніцтва ў маёнтку Старыца Капыльскага кн... more У першай палове XVII ст. баяры складалі адну з груп насельніцтва ў маёнтку Старыца Капыльскага княства. У адрозненне ад зямян, яны не неслі ваеннай службы, а за карыстанне зямлёй плацілі чынш і выдавалі мёд на патрэбы маёнткавай гаспадаркі. Аднак пасля вайны 1654–1667 гг. баярская грамада ўвайшла ў склад зямянскай супольнасці. Пры гэтым жыхары некаторых былых баярскіх паселішчаў (Шылаўшчына), якія раней атрымалі зямянскі статус, ужо нічым не адрозніваліся ад традыцыйных зямян, у той час як для іншых баярскіх вёсак (Баркаўцы, Сычаўцы) пэўныя асаблівасці захоўваліся. Перш за ўсё, баярская адметнасць праяўлялася ў захаванні мядовай даніны, якая асобна патрабавалася ад жыхароў Баркаўцоў і Сычаўцоў да канца XVII ст. У XVIII ст. адрозненні, якія вылучалі былых баяр, сышлі ў нябыт. Жыхары Баркаўцоў і Сычаўцоў пачалі несці ваенную службу нароўні з іншымі зямянамі, таксама страціў значэнне абавязак выдачы імі мёду на карысць двара.
Artykuł omawia proces przeniesienia bojarów (chłopów odpowiedzialnych za dostawę towarów i koresp... more Artykuł omawia proces przeniesienia bojarów (chłopów odpowiedzialnych za dostawę towarów i korespondencji) do ziemiańskich obowiązków w prywatnych i kościelnych majątkach regionu nieświesko-słuckiego w XVIII wieku. Autor wyznacza i analizuje możliwości takich przemian, zauważa, że w posiadłościach książąt Radziwiłłów większość bojarów przeszła na służbę ziemiańską w poło-wie XVIII wieku. W majątkach kościelnych bojarzy jako odrębna grupa ludności przetrwali do końca XVIII wieku, chociaż stopniowo łączyli się względem obowiązków z chłopstwem czynszowym. Pomimo przeważnie chłopskiego pochodzenia bojarów osiągnięcie przez nich statusu ziemiańskiego pozwoliło im ubiegać się o uznanie za szlachtę pełnoprawną. W XIX wieku podczas "rozbioru szlachty" prze-prowadzonego przez władze rosyjskie pewna część bojarów zdążyła otrzymać urzędową legitymację (dworianstwo), z reguły drogą mistyfikacji własnego pochodzenia i fałszowania dokumentów potwier-dzających przynależność do szlachty. W niektórych przypadkach z tych przyczyn rody pochodzenia bojarskiego zmieniały nawet własne nazwiska.
В статье анализируется функционирование земянского сообщества Копыльского княжества – наследства ... more В статье анализируется функционирование земянского сообщества Копыльского княжества – наследства князей Олельковичей, в XVII–XVIII вв. находившегося во владении разных ветвей рода Радзивиллов. Очерчивается первоначальный состав земянского (военно-служилого) населения, выделяются роды, державшие земли и несшие службу на Копыльщине еще во второй половине XVI в. Оговариваются и характеризуются пути пополнения земянского сообщества, особое внимание обращено на случаи перехода крестьян на земянские повинности, механизм их закрепления в рядах земян. Определяются роды, принадлежавшие к земянской элите – державшие наибольшие земельные наделы, постоянно несшие непосредственную военную («казацкую») службу, входившие в офицерский корпус копыльской хоругви частных войск Радзивиллов.
Hlinski J. Falsification of Documents on the Nobility in the Sluck District of the Minsk Province... more Hlinski J. Falsification of Documents on the Nobility in the Sluck District of the Minsk Province in the late 18th - first half of the 19th century.
«The Ziemianie Community of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna Villages of
Sluck Duchy in the Second Half of... more «The Ziemianie Community of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna Villages of
Sluck Duchy in the Second Half of the Seventeenth – First Third of the
Nineteenth Century»
The article explores the formation and functioning of the local community of ziemianie (a social group serving in military units of Sluck Duchy), residing in the villages of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna and belonging to Hrozava estate. It reveals that the composition of the community remained stable until the late eighteenth century. In the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century within it there were several families (those of Filon Korbut, Andrzej Zawryd, Mateusz Osiejewski), whose members carried out a military (“kassak”) service and held larger manorial estates. After the inclusion of the Belarusian territories into the Russian Empire the social and territorial entity of the population of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna was violated – under the threat of enslaving part of ziemianie moved out from Hrozava estate, while the majority of those who stayed failed to prove the gentry status and were demoted to odnodvortsy.
In this article the author analyzed Sapieha’s and Tyszkiewicz’s cases as the different strategies... more In this article the author analyzed Sapieha’s and Tyszkiewicz’s cases as the different strategies of constructing their own ancestral history, used by the magnates of the Ruthenian origin. It is noted that at the beginning the Sapiehas sought to present themselves as the descendants of the Lithuanian nobleman Sunigajlo. It was not an example of changing of ethnic identity, it was the desire to join the narrow circle of the «old» Lithuanian aristocracy. Later (in the time of Leo Sapie ha) Ruthenian symbols were returned in Sapieha’s genealogy. On the contrary, the Tyszkiewiczs emphasized their Ruthenian origin, due to their inclusion in the local elite of Rus’.
Hlinski, J. S. The family memory or ordinary lie? The Battle of Vienna in 1683 and the cases of t... more Hlinski, J. S. The family memory or ordinary lie? The Battle of Vienna in 1683 and the cases of the proof of the nobility in the Minsk province
The book is dedicated to the history of the family of Armenian weavers, the creators of the famou... more The book is dedicated to the history of the family of Armenian weavers, the creators of the famous "Slutsk Belts", father and son Jan and Leon Madjarski. In Belarusian history, finding an example of a more popular cultural brand than the Slutsk Belt is not easy. Their production continued for over half a century, and the belts turned into an absolute legend during this time. With the final annexation of the lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to the Russian Empire in the 1790s, the Slutsk belts became a kind of symbol of the "good old days". Slutsk belts as an obligatory accessory for a wealthy nobleman are mentioned in the monumental poem "Mister Thaddeus, or the Last Foray in Lithuania" by Adam Mickiewicz, published in 1834. Since then, the Slutsk belt has become an indispensable attribute of the literary image of the old-world nobleman-patriot. However, the name of the creator of the belts – the Armenian master weaver Jan Madjarski – first received wide publicity only in the 1870s. In general, the history of the Madjarski family is a vivid example of the existence of Belarusian-Armenian cultural ties already in the 18th century. While maintaining their Armenian identity for a long time, the representatives of the family managed to integrate into the local Polish-Belarusian noble community of the Slutsk and Navahrudak regions. This book allows us to rethink the contribution of Jan and Leon Madjarski to Belarusian culture and closely associate their names with one of its most famous brands.
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Papers by Jauhien Hlinski
ве XVII ст., міграцыю зямянскіх родаў у розныя часткі Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў у гэты перыяд.
to ziemianie duties. Such a change in duty status was secured by documents issued by the Radziwiłł administration. Individual transitions to the ziemianie service were also recorded. As a result, during the 17th century the service community of the Sluck and Kapyĺ principalities became more homogeneous, most of the bajars began to perform ziemianie duties.
Sluck Duchy in the Second Half of the Seventeenth – First Third of the
Nineteenth Century»
The article explores the formation and functioning of the local community of ziemianie (a social group serving in military units of Sluck Duchy), residing in the villages of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna and belonging to Hrozava estate. It reveals that the composition of the community remained stable until the late eighteenth century. In the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century within it there were several families (those of Filon Korbut, Andrzej Zawryd, Mateusz Osiejewski), whose members carried out a military (“kassak”) service and held larger manorial estates. After the inclusion of the Belarusian territories into the Russian Empire the social and territorial entity of the population of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna was violated – under the threat of enslaving part of ziemianie moved out from Hrozava estate, while the majority of those who stayed failed to prove the gentry status and were demoted to odnodvortsy.
of constructing their own ancestral history, used by the magnates of the Ruthenian origin. It is
noted that at the beginning the Sapiehas sought to present themselves as the descendants of the
Lithuanian nobleman Sunigajlo. It was not an example of changing of ethnic identity, it was the
desire to join the narrow circle of the «old» Lithuanian aristocracy. Later (in the time of Leo Sapie
ha) Ruthenian symbols were returned in Sapieha’s genealogy. On the contrary, the Tyszkiewiczs
emphasized their Ruthenian origin, due to their inclusion in the local elite of Rus’.
ве XVII ст., міграцыю зямянскіх родаў у розныя часткі Слуцкага і Капыльскага княстваў у гэты перыяд.
to ziemianie duties. Such a change in duty status was secured by documents issued by the Radziwiłł administration. Individual transitions to the ziemianie service were also recorded. As a result, during the 17th century the service community of the Sluck and Kapyĺ principalities became more homogeneous, most of the bajars began to perform ziemianie duties.
Sluck Duchy in the Second Half of the Seventeenth – First Third of the
Nineteenth Century»
The article explores the formation and functioning of the local community of ziemianie (a social group serving in military units of Sluck Duchy), residing in the villages of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna and belonging to Hrozava estate. It reveals that the composition of the community remained stable until the late eighteenth century. In the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century within it there were several families (those of Filon Korbut, Andrzej Zawryd, Mateusz Osiejewski), whose members carried out a military (“kassak”) service and held larger manorial estates. After the inclusion of the Belarusian territories into the Russian Empire the social and territorial entity of the population of Vuža and Prarokaŭščyna was violated – under the threat of enslaving part of ziemianie moved out from Hrozava estate, while the majority of those who stayed failed to prove the gentry status and were demoted to odnodvortsy.
of constructing their own ancestral history, used by the magnates of the Ruthenian origin. It is
noted that at the beginning the Sapiehas sought to present themselves as the descendants of the
Lithuanian nobleman Sunigajlo. It was not an example of changing of ethnic identity, it was the
desire to join the narrow circle of the «old» Lithuanian aristocracy. Later (in the time of Leo Sapie
ha) Ruthenian symbols were returned in Sapieha’s genealogy. On the contrary, the Tyszkiewiczs
emphasized their Ruthenian origin, due to their inclusion in the local elite of Rus’.
In Belarusian history, finding an example of a more popular cultural brand than the Slutsk Belt is not easy. Their production continued for over half a century, and the belts turned into an absolute legend during this time. With the final annexation of the lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to the Russian Empire in the 1790s, the Slutsk belts became a kind of symbol of the "good old days". Slutsk belts as an obligatory accessory for a wealthy nobleman are mentioned in the monumental poem "Mister Thaddeus, or the Last Foray in Lithuania" by Adam Mickiewicz, published in 1834. Since then, the Slutsk belt has become an indispensable attribute of the literary image of the old-world nobleman-patriot. However, the name of the creator of the belts – the Armenian master weaver Jan Madjarski – first received wide publicity only in the 1870s.
In general, the history of the Madjarski family is a vivid example of the existence of Belarusian-Armenian cultural ties already in the 18th century. While maintaining their Armenian identity for a long time, the representatives of the family managed to integrate into the local Polish-Belarusian noble community of the Slutsk and Navahrudak regions. This book allows us to rethink the contribution of Jan and Leon Madjarski to Belarusian culture and closely associate their names with one of its most famous brands.