Flood Vulnerability and Resilience in Urban Settings: Perspectives for Sustainability, 2021
If any rebuilding or post-disaster recovery makes a city resilient, to what end is the concept of... more If any rebuilding or post-disaster recovery makes a city resilient, to what end is the concept of resilience useful? Feedback from recent disasters shows that most of the affected territories have been rebuilt in some form.
The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to improve urban resilience independently of the nature of the disturbances. Recent disasters had a significant impact on critical infrastructures providing essential urban services such as energy, transportation, telecommunication, water and food supply or health care. Indeed, several natural and human-made hazards may lead to disruptions, and most critical infrastructures are networked and highly interdependent. Henceforth, resilience building remain focused on specific hazards (Resilience to what?) or on improving the resilience, separately, of single infrastructures (Resilience of what?). In order to enhance urban resilience, this paper is based on learnings from three case studies that are the 2001 WTC terrorist attack, hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017 and the 2016 Seine river flood in Paris. These events highlight disruptions to urban services, but also some resilience options. In light of both the literature and our case studies, a framework of unspecific resilience is provided for improving some resilience principles, namely omnivory, redundancy, buffering, high flux, homeostasis and flatness within electric energy, water and food supply and transportation networks. Rebuilding resilience within this framework is further discussed with respect to all kinds of disruptive events.
Keywords: critical infrastructures ; hazards ; urban services ; disruptions ; interdependencies ; resilience modelling ; unspecific resilience ; all-hazards resilience ; WTC terrorist attack ; hurricanes Irma and Maria ; Paris flood
Un territoire urbain ne fait jamais face à un seul risque, mais à un ensemble de risques en inter... more Un territoire urbain ne fait jamais face à un seul risque, mais à un ensemble de risques en interactions. Sur un même espace, des aléas inondation, vagues de chaleur/froid ou séisme coexistent souvent avec des activités industrielles telles que des centrales énergétiques, des usines chimiques ou de transports de matières dangereuses. Or, la gestion des risques demeure focalisée sur des approches mono-aléa au détriment d’une approche globale, plus systémique, intégrant les interactions entre des aléas multiples et les risques associés sur un même territoire. Cet article propose un modèle intégré d’analyses multirisques adapté à une résilience générale des territoires urbains.
Coastal areas are currently facing a significant rise of frequency and severity of flood disaster... more Coastal areas are currently facing a significant rise of frequency and severity of flood disasters combined with a high exposure of people and goods. While risk governance approaches call for changes to strengthen resilience coastal areas, flood risk management remains focused, in France, on land use planning control through inflexible and restrictive regulations. This paper aims at exploring empirically an alternative approach to flood risk management. By integrating resilience systemic principles, this paper offers an operational framework to adapt flood risk management to present and future risk on the coastal areas. Keywords : Flood risk, Resilience, Adaptation, Uncertainties
Flood Vulnerability and Resilience in Urban Settings: Perspectives for Sustainability, 2021
If any rebuilding or post-disaster recovery makes a city resilient, to what end is the concept of... more If any rebuilding or post-disaster recovery makes a city resilient, to what end is the concept of resilience useful? Feedback from recent disasters shows that most of the affected territories have been rebuilt in some form.
The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to improve urban resilience independently of the nature of the disturbances. Recent disasters had a significant impact on critical infrastructures providing essential urban services such as energy, transportation, telecommunication, water and food supply or health care. Indeed, several natural and human-made hazards may lead to disruptions, and most critical infrastructures are networked and highly interdependent. Henceforth, resilience building remain focused on specific hazards (Resilience to what?) or on improving the resilience, separately, of single infrastructures (Resilience of what?). In order to enhance urban resilience, this paper is based on learnings from three case studies that are the 2001 WTC terrorist attack, hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017 and the 2016 Seine river flood in Paris. These events highlight disruptions to urban services, but also some resilience options. In light of both the literature and our case studies, a framework of unspecific resilience is provided for improving some resilience principles, namely omnivory, redundancy, buffering, high flux, homeostasis and flatness within electric energy, water and food supply and transportation networks. Rebuilding resilience within this framework is further discussed with respect to all kinds of disruptive events.
Keywords: critical infrastructures ; hazards ; urban services ; disruptions ; interdependencies ; resilience modelling ; unspecific resilience ; all-hazards resilience ; WTC terrorist attack ; hurricanes Irma and Maria ; Paris flood
Un territoire urbain ne fait jamais face à un seul risque, mais à un ensemble de risques en inter... more Un territoire urbain ne fait jamais face à un seul risque, mais à un ensemble de risques en interactions. Sur un même espace, des aléas inondation, vagues de chaleur/froid ou séisme coexistent souvent avec des activités industrielles telles que des centrales énergétiques, des usines chimiques ou de transports de matières dangereuses. Or, la gestion des risques demeure focalisée sur des approches mono-aléa au détriment d’une approche globale, plus systémique, intégrant les interactions entre des aléas multiples et les risques associés sur un même territoire. Cet article propose un modèle intégré d’analyses multirisques adapté à une résilience générale des territoires urbains.
Coastal areas are currently facing a significant rise of frequency and severity of flood disaster... more Coastal areas are currently facing a significant rise of frequency and severity of flood disasters combined with a high exposure of people and goods. While risk governance approaches call for changes to strengthen resilience coastal areas, flood risk management remains focused, in France, on land use planning control through inflexible and restrictive regulations. This paper aims at exploring empirically an alternative approach to flood risk management. By integrating resilience systemic principles, this paper offers an operational framework to adapt flood risk management to present and future risk on the coastal areas. Keywords : Flood risk, Resilience, Adaptation, Uncertainties
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Papers by Nabil Touili
The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to improve urban resilience independently of the nature of the disturbances. Recent disasters had a significant impact on critical infrastructures providing essential urban services such as energy, transportation, telecommunication, water and food supply or health care. Indeed, several natural and human-made hazards may lead to disruptions, and most critical infrastructures are networked and highly interdependent. Henceforth, resilience building remain focused on specific hazards (Resilience to what?) or on improving the resilience, separately, of single infrastructures (Resilience of what?). In order to enhance urban resilience, this paper is based on learnings from three case studies that are the 2001 WTC terrorist attack, hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017 and the 2016 Seine river flood in Paris. These events highlight disruptions to urban services, but also some resilience options. In light of both the literature and our case studies, a framework of unspecific resilience is provided for improving some resilience principles, namely omnivory, redundancy, buffering, high flux, homeostasis and flatness within electric energy, water and food supply and transportation networks. Rebuilding resilience within this framework is further discussed with respect to all kinds of disruptive events.
Keywords: critical infrastructures ; hazards ; urban services ; disruptions ; interdependencies ; resilience modelling ; unspecific resilience ; all-hazards resilience ; WTC terrorist attack ; hurricanes Irma and Maria ; Paris flood
Keywords : Flood risk, Resilience, Adaptation, Uncertainties
The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to improve urban resilience independently of the nature of the disturbances. Recent disasters had a significant impact on critical infrastructures providing essential urban services such as energy, transportation, telecommunication, water and food supply or health care. Indeed, several natural and human-made hazards may lead to disruptions, and most critical infrastructures are networked and highly interdependent. Henceforth, resilience building remain focused on specific hazards (Resilience to what?) or on improving the resilience, separately, of single infrastructures (Resilience of what?). In order to enhance urban resilience, this paper is based on learnings from three case studies that are the 2001 WTC terrorist attack, hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017 and the 2016 Seine river flood in Paris. These events highlight disruptions to urban services, but also some resilience options. In light of both the literature and our case studies, a framework of unspecific resilience is provided for improving some resilience principles, namely omnivory, redundancy, buffering, high flux, homeostasis and flatness within electric energy, water and food supply and transportation networks. Rebuilding resilience within this framework is further discussed with respect to all kinds of disruptive events.
Keywords: critical infrastructures ; hazards ; urban services ; disruptions ; interdependencies ; resilience modelling ; unspecific resilience ; all-hazards resilience ; WTC terrorist attack ; hurricanes Irma and Maria ; Paris flood
Keywords : Flood risk, Resilience, Adaptation, Uncertainties