NISMA SALEEM

The Unit Commitment (UC) problem is a nonlinear and complex optimization problem used to determine the start-up and shutdown scheduling of power-generating units to meet the forecasted load demand and spinning reserve over a specified time horizon so that the target of production cost minimization is achieved while satisfying various system and generator-based constraints. The increase in computational burden with the system size requires more efficient meta-heuristic approaches for solving the UC problem. This paper proposes a modified differential evolution (DE) approach for both discrete and real part of the UC problem. The infeasibility of the solutions is also handled by incorporating some repairing mechanisms in DE, which forcefully satisfy the system constraints and speed up the search process. The experimentation is carried out on various standard and large power systems, starting from the 10-unit base case and then going up to 100 units over a 24 -h time period. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach as compared to the previous work reported in the literature.

The Unit Commitment (UC) problem is a nonlinear and complex optimization problem used to determine the start-up and shutdown scheduling of power-generating units to meet the forecasted load demand and spinning reserve over a specified time horizon so that the target of production cost minimization is achieved while satisfying various system and generator-based constraints. The increase in computational burden with the system size requires more efficient meta-heuristic approaches for solving the UC problem. This paper proposes a modified differential evolution (DE) approach for both discrete and real part of the UC problem. The infeasibility of the solutions is also handled by incorporating some repairing mechanisms in DE, which forcefully satisfy the system constraints and speed up the search process. The experimentation is carried out on various standard and large power systems, starting from the 10-unit base case and then going up to 100 units over a 24 -h time period. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach as compared to the previous work reported in the literature.

Lithium-ion battery system is generally used in industries where energy is always on demand. Battery cell balancing is an important feature for the long-term survival of the batteries because unbalancing of battery cell may cause deterioration of the battery life cycle and efficiency. This paper proposes a solar power assisted passive and active cell balancing system for rechargeable batteries. Three techniques are implemented in the paper to achieve cell balancing of the battery pack i-e. Passive cell balancing, active cell balancing using multiple switched capacitors, and active cell balancing using single switched capacitor. Two operational modes are also discussed in the paper i-e. solar balancing mode and storage balancing mode. The storage balancing mode is triggered automatically when the solar power becomes unavailable. The simulation model of the system is designed in Simulink and hardware model is implemented based on the simulation results. The comparative analysis of the obtained results signify that the equalization of battery cell voltages is achieved more prominently by active cell balancing on the basis of state of charge (SoC) of Li-ion cells rather than passive approach.