Journal of Cellular Biotechnology - Volume 3, issue 2

Authors: Krüger-Genge, A. | Jung, F. | Küpper, J.H. | Lehmann, C. | Franke, R.P.

Article Type: Letter

Abstract: Erythrocytes transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. The excess surface area together with the elasticity of the erythrocyte cell membrane provides the flexibility needed to pass through the microvasculature where the oxygen exchange occurs. Although the architecture of the red cell and its membrane-associated cytoskeletal network is known in general, the factors that control the characteristic shape change during echinocyte formation are poorly understood. In this short report we show that in echinocytes a completely reorganized membrane cytoskeleton with a box-like structure of actin filaments prevailed indicating the importance of the actin cytoskeleton during echinocyte formation.

Keywords: Erythrocytes, echinocytes, submembraneous cytoskeleton, actin

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-179014

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 81-83, 2018

Authors: Kammerer, Sarah | Küpper, Jan-Heiner

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Drug induced liver injury (DILI) is still the leading single cause of drug failure during clinical phases and after market approval. Currently, many laboratories aim to develop appropriate in vitro systems to predict drug hepatotoxicity. Primary human hepatocytes are still the gold standard, but they have substantial disadvantages such as rapid dedifferentiation in vitro and lack of cell proliferation. In addition to primary human hepatocytes, liver cancer-derived cell lines such as HepG2, cytochrome P450 (CYP450) overexpressing HepG2 cell clones and HepaRG were studied intensively. In contrast to HepG2, HepaRG show promising characteristics of differentiated primary human hepatocytes, but …they represent only one donor. There is some hope that this lack of donor variability can be solved by the use of iPS-derived hepatocytes. However, iPS technology still seems to need some improvement to produce physiologically relevant hepatocytes. Upcyte hepatocytes represent the most recent technical advancement combining some features of primary human hepatocytes such as physiological activity and donor variability with the ability of cell lines for extended proliferation. Altogether, more work is needed to develop and validate appropriate in vitro systems for precise prediction of DILI risk. Show more

Keywords: Biotransformation, CYP450, DILI, HepaFH cells, HepaRG, HepG2, iPS, pluripotent stem cells, upcytes

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-179012

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 85-93, 2018

Authors: Ionova, V. | Lantsova, V. | Tkach, E. | Ziganshin, R. | Shender, V. | Weaver, E. | Paskova, V. | Antonova, N. | Strokov, I.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The cumulating long-term changes in stable macromolecules, including non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins and oxidative stress, are main fundamental reasons for development of late complications in patients with diabetes mellitus type II. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate some high-sensitive and specific proteins as early diagnostic tool and prognostic biomarkers of late complications of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). METHODS: Proteomic studies of blood plasma in patients with T2DM were performed through one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins in polyacrylamide gel, in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate - according to Laemmli (SDS PAGE). RESULTS: The spectrum …of 70 proteins was proposed as tools in clinical/laboratory diagnostics and as independent prognostic biomarkers - predicting early development of disease complications. CONCLUSIONS: The identified proteomic biomarkers in blood plasma of patients with T2DM could serve as drug targets for early prevention and successful treatment of disease complications. Show more

Keywords: Proteomic biomarkers in blood plasma, one- and two- dimensional electrophoresis, late complications of diabetes mellitus type II

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-179009

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 95-105, 2018

Authors: Niebergall, Ann-Kathrin | Pfeiffer, Sahra | Gruber, Christian | Sievers, Henrieke | Nies, Andrea | Kehlen, Astrid | Hiebl, Bernhard

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A recent study showed that polymerized siloxane (PDMS) coating of biomaterials like polycarbonate, stainless steel or glass results in a hydrophobic and positively charged surface, which is known to be advantageous for cell adhesion. However, when Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis were cultured on PDMS coated materials for one hour, this resulted in a significant decrease of bacterial adherence compared to non-coated materials. The study therefore aimed at investigating antimicrobial effects of PDMS. We used nosocomial aerobic grown bacteria S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli and the biofilm formation model organism Bacillus subtilis , which were exposed to …PDMS in a planktonic culture assay and additionally while biofilm formation. PDMS had a significant impact on the growth of these bacteria in both culture assays. In planktonic culture, PDMS exposition resulted in a decreased growth of all bacteria tested, which was strongly species specific. Biofilm culture in contrast caused an increased growth of E.  coli and P. aeruginosa , while growth of S. epidermidis and B. subtilis was decreased. However, these results are based on tests of single species biofilms. Previous to practical application it is necessary to confirm these results by tests in which different bacterial species are able to interact like in natural biofilms resulting in modified bacterial growth behavior and toxin resistance. Show more

Keywords: Siloxanes, biofilm, toxicity, coating, biomaterials, bacterial growth

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-179010

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 107-115, 2018

Authors: Müller, Elena | Hübner, Miriam | Kuderer, Silja | Prechtl, Marie | Rox, Jutta | Fischer, Johannes | Wenzel, Folker

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Nowadays the importance of the peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donation is continuously increasing. It is therefore crucial to determine all side effects for donors. This clinical trial deals with the preventative therapy using Allopurinol (300 mg/d) in order to prohibit the increase in serum uric acid as a result of rhG-CSF injections (10 μg/kg Lenograstim over 5d). It comprises 72 donors (m/f: 57/15) passing through 3 examinations. The initial measurement of uric acid serves as clue to categorize the donors into groups. Donors with high uric acid are summarized as group 1 (30: m/f: 27/3), which obtained Allopurinol, whereas donors …with normal uric acid are part of group 4 (42: m/f: 30/12). This group is additionally divided into groups 2 and 3 (dependent on the way of G-CSF administration). The mean serum uric acid of group 1 decreased from 7.01 to 5.03 mg/dl. In contrast, the value of group 4 increased from 5.16 to 6.15 mg/dl. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/JCB-179013

Citation: Journal of Cellular Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 117-125, 2018