Authors: Zhu, Chunli | Lei, Xiujun | Guo, Jie | Shen, Yuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Traditional vision measurement algorithms have many shortcomings, such as complex process, multi-parameter adjustment and the integer pixel accuracy. To solve these problems, a sub-pixel displacement measurement algorithm based on Taylor expansion is proposed. The displacement vector between adjacent frames is modeled in the first step, and then shift equation of the template image is constructed based on assumptions of constant brightness and spatial consistency. After performing a first-order Taylor series approximation, the displacement vector is obtained by least squares estimation. Finally, through iteratively updating the position of template image, displacement is rapidly extracted. In order to verify the accuracy and …effectiveness of the Taylor expansion algorithm, the accuracy test of the grating ruler platform in the presence of the target and the vibration measurement experiment on vibration motor in the absence of the target are designed. Experimental results show that, compared with template matching algorithm based on normalized cross correlation, for the experiments mentioned in this paper, the proposed algorithm can control the calculation time for one frame in less than 1 ms, and achieve higher sub-pixel computation accuracy. Compared with the actual set frequency of 10.78 Hz, the measured frequency of the motor is very consistent with a relative error of 1.1%. It also verifies that the Taylor expansion algorithm proposed in this paper is a reliable and effective non-contact measurement method with important practical application value for vibration measurement. Show more
Keywords: Vision measurement, Taylor expansion, sub-pixel accuracy, remote measurement
DOI: 10.3233/JCM-204501
Citation: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 357-366, 2021
Authors: Shen, Yuan | Wang, Xiaoyu | Xu, Jianping | Lu, Lin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The SerpinE2 pathway is evolutionarily conserved and plays an important role in tumorigenesis. SerpinE2 (a small ubiquitin-related modifier), like ubiquitin, conjugates SerpinE2 proteins onto lysine residues of target proteins. SerpinE2 over-expression has been found in several tumors. Here, we detected the level of SerpinE2 in 72 samples of EC tissue using immunohistochemistry to assess the role of SerpinE2 in EC prognosis. Meanwhile, we knocked down SerpinE2 by siRNA in the HTB-111 and Ishikawa EC cell lines and analyzed the viability and mobility change using an MTT assay, an annexin V/PI apoptosis assay, a wound scratch test and a transwell assay. …A Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated a negative correlation between the level of SerpinE2 and the EC prognosis. Silencing SerpinE2 induced cell apoptosis and reduced the migration ability. Our data suggest SerpinE2 works as an oncogene in EC. Show more
Keywords: Endometrial cancer, SerpinE2, siRNA
DOI: 10.3233/CBM-160442
Citation: Cancer Biomarkers, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 271-278, 2017
Authors: Mei, Xinchun | Chen, Yupeng | Zheng, Hailin | Shi, Zhongyong | Marcantonio, Edward R. | Xie, Zhongcong | Shen, Yuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Previous studies showed that the Confusion Assessment Method based delirium severity evaluation tool (CAM-S) had good reliability and validity. However, there is no Chinese version of the CAM-S. Therefore, we set out to perform a prospective investigation in older Chinese patients who had total joint replacement surgery under general anesthesia in Tenth People’s Hospital in Shanghai, P.R. China. A total of 576 participants, aged 60 years or older, were screened, 179 participants were enrolled, and 125 of them were included for the final analysis. Pre-operative evaluations were conducted one day before the surgery. Postoperative evaluations were conducted twice daily from …postoperative day 1 to day 3. The incidence of postoperative delirium was 24.8%. The Chinese version of CAM-S [including a Short Form (CAM-S Short Form) and a Long Form (CAM-S Long Form)] had an optimal reliability reflected by internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.748 and 0.839 for CAM-S Short Form and CAM-S Long Form respectively), split-halves reliability (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.372 and 0.384 for CAM-S Short Form and CAM-S Long Form respectively), and inter-rater reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients = 0.629 and 0.945 for CAM-S Short Form and CAM-S Long Form respectively). Additionally, the Chinese version of CAM-S also showed a good discriminate validity. The domain scores of CAM-S were inversely correlated with corresponding domain scores of the MMSE. Finally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis obtained an optimal cutoff point of 2.5 for CAM-S Short Form and 3.5 for CAM-S Long Form in recognizing delirium diagnosed by CAM. The areas under the ROC were 0.989 (95% CI 0.972 – 1.000, p < 0.001) and 0.964 (95% CI 0.946 – 0.982, p < 0.001), respectively. These data suggest that the Chinese version of CAM-S has good reliability and validity in evaluating postoperative delirium in geriatric Chinese patients and may be a useful tool to assess the severity of delirium. Show more
Keywords: Confusion assessment method, postoperative delirium severity, reliability, validity
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-181288
Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 709-716, 2019
Authors: Shi, Zhongyong | Wu, Yujie | Wang, Meijuan | Cao, Jing | Feng, Wei | Cheng, Yan | Li, Chunbo | Shen, Yuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) may reflect neurodegeneration of the central nervous system, which has been reported as part of the neuropathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Specifically, AD patients have thinner RNFL as compared to age-matched normal controls. However, whether reduction of RNFL over time can predict those at higher risk to develop cognitive deterioration remains unknown. We therefore set out a prospective clinical investigation to determine both the reduction of RNFL thickness and the deterioration of cognitive function over a period of 25 months in 78 participants (mean age 72.31 ± 3.98 years, 52% men). The participants …were categorized as stable participants whose cognitive status remained unchanged (n = 60) and converted participants whose cognitive status deteriorated, which was diagnosed by DSM-VI (for AD) and Petersen's definition (for mild cognitive impairment) (n = 18). Here we show for the first time that the converted participants had greater reduction of RNFL thickness than the stable participants. Specifically, the reduction in the thickness of the inferior quadrant RNFL in the converted participants was greater than that in stable participants [−11.0 ± 12.8 (mean ± standard deviation) μm versus 0.4 ± 15.7 μm, p = 0.009]. These data showed that greater reduction in the inferior quadrant of RNFL thickness might indicate a higher risk for the old adults to develop cognitive deterioration. These findings have established a system to embark on a larger scale study to further test whether changes in RNFL thickness can serve as a biomarker of AD. Show more
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, cognitive function, mild cognitive impairment, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-131898
Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 277-283, 2014
Authors: Zhang, Ce | Zhang, Yiying | Shen, Yuan | Zhao, Guoqing | Xie, Zhongcong | Dong, Yuanlin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Anesthesia and/or surgery may promote Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by accelerating its neuropathogenesis. Other studies showed different findings. However, the potential sex difference among these studies has not been well considered, and it is unknown whether male or female AD patients are more vulnerable to develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction. We therefore set out to perform a proof of concept study to determine whether anesthesia and surgery can have different effects in male and female AD transgenic (Tg) mice, and in female AD Tg plus Cyclophilin D knockout (CypD KO) mice. The mice received an abdominal surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia (anesthesia/surgery). Fear …Conditioning System (FCS) was used to assess the cognitive function. Hippocampal levels of synaptic marker postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin (SVP) were measured using western blot analysis. Here we showed that the anesthesia/surgery decreased the freezing time in context test of FCS at 7 days after the anesthesia/surgery in female, but not male, mice. The anesthesia/surgery reduced hippocampus levels of synaptic marker PSD-95 and SVP in female, but not male, mice. The anesthesia/surgery induced neither reduction in freezing time in FCS nor decreased hippocampus levels of PSD-95 and SVP in the AD Tg plus CypD KO mice. These data suggest that the anesthesia/surgery induced a sex-dependent cognitive impairment and reduction in hippocampus levels of synaptic markers in AD Tg mice, potentially via a mitochondria-associated mechanism. These findings could promote clinical investigations to determine whether female AD patients are more vulnerable to the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Show more
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive function, cyclophilin D, sevoflurane, surgery, synaptic marker
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-161268
Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 505-518, 2017
Authors: Shi, Zhongyong | Zhu, Yingbo | Wang, Meijuan | Wu, Yujie | Cao, Jing | Li, Chunbo | Xie, Zhongcong | Shen, Yuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Our previous studies have shown that longitudinal reduction in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness is associated with cognitive deterioration. However, whether the combination of longitudinal reduction in RNFL thickness with baseline episodic memory performance can better predict cognitive deterioration remains unknown. Therefore, we set out to re-analyze the data obtained from our previous studies with 78 elderly adults (mean age 74.4 ± 3.83 years, 48.7% male) in the community over a 25-month period. The participants were categorized as either stable participants whose cognitive status did not change (n = 60) or converted participants whose cognitive status deteriorated (n = 18). A …logistic regression analysis was applied to determine a conversion score for predicting the cognitive deterioration in the participants. We found that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the multivariable model was 0.854 (95% CI 0.762–0.947) using baseline story recall as a predictor, but the AUC increased to 0.915 (95% CI 0.849–0.981) with the addition of the longitudinal reduction of RNFL thickness in the inferior quadrant. The conversion score was significantly higher for the converted participants than the stable participants (0.59 ± 0.30 versus 0.12 ± 0.19, p < 0.001). Finally, the optimal cutoff value of the conversion score (0.134) was determined by the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curve, and this conversion score generated a sensitivity of 0.944 and a specificity of 0.767 in predicting the cognitive deterioration. These findings have established a system to perform a larger scale study to further test whether the longitudinal reduction in RNFL thickness could serve as a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease. Show more
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, conversion score, mild cognitive impairment, predictive model, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-150438
Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 399-405, 2016
Authors: Lu, Lin | Shen, Yuan | Tseng, Kuo-Fu | Liu, Wenlian | Duan, Hui | Meng, Wei
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common female malignancy. Most patients were diagnosed at an early stage with a favorable prognosis. But more than 30% patients were high risk at III/IV stage with invading deep into the myometrium and progressively lead to local or extra pelvic metastasis. Urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1) had been reported as the oncogenic long non-coding RNA in many tumors, but the role of UCA1 in EC is still unclear. METHOD: QRT-PCR was used to analysis the level of UCA1 in the proliferative endometrium, primary EC tissue and lymph node metastasis tissue of EC. According to the …QRT-PCR results of primary EC tissue, survival curves were made using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log rank test was used to analyze the differences of clinicopathological characteristics and survival between the low expression and high expression group of UCA1 in EC patients. Moreover we knocked down the expression of UCA1 in EC cell lines HTB-111 and Ishikawa, and detected the migration and invasion ability of them with wound healing assay and transwell assay. RESULTS: The expression level of UCA1 using QRT-PCR method in lymph node metastasis tissue was the highest than that in the proliferative endometrium and primary EC tissues (1.15 ± 0.23, 3.23 ± 1.06 vs. 6.42 ± 1.46, P < 0.0001). For the primary EC tissue, the median fold change of UCA1 was used as a cutoff value. High UCA1 expression was observed to be closely correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.008), distant metastasis (P = 0.003), grade (P = 0.009), advanced TNM stage (P = 0.031) and vessel invasive (P = 0.032). The 5-year overall survival rate in the high expression group was 41.7%, compared with 72.7% in the low expression group (P = 0.023). After silencing the UCA1, the migration and invasion ability of EC cell lines reduced significantly. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide the convincing evidence that the UCA1 plays an important role in the metastasis of EC and may serve as a novel molecular marker to predict the aggressive tumor progression and unfavorable prognosis of EC patients. Show more
Keywords: Endometrial cancer, Long noncoding RNA, UCA1, metastasis
DOI: 10.3233/CBM-160628
Citation: Cancer Biomarkers, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 171-177, 2016
Authors: Mei, Xinchun | Zheng, Hai-Lin | Li, Cheng | Ma, Xin | Zheng, Hui | Marcantonio, Edward | Xie, Zhongcong | Shen, Yuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Background: Postoperative delirium is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. However, whether intravenous and inhalation anesthetics are associated with different risks of postoperative delirium remains unknown. Objective: We set up to determine the incidence and duration of postoperative delirium in older patients who had surgery under the intravenous anesthetic propofol or the inhalational anesthetic sevoflurane. Methods: Participants were patients who had total hip/knee replacements and were randomized to propofol (N = 106) or sevoflurane (N = 103) anesthesia group. The Confusion Assessment Method was employed by investigators who were blinded to the anesthesia regimen to assess the incidence and duration (days of postoperative delirium per …person) of postoperative delirium on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3. Results: A total of 209 participants (71.2±6.7 years old, 29.2% male) were included in the final data analysis. The incidence of postoperative delirium was 33.0% with propofol anesthesia and 23.3% with sevoflurane anesthesia (p = 0.119, Chi-square test ), and we estimated that we would need 316 participants in each arm to detect a potential statistically significant difference. Days of postoperative delirium per person were higher in the propofol (0.5±0.8) anesthesia group compared to the sevoflurane anesthesia group (0.3±0.5, p = 0.049, Student ’s t-test ). Conclusion: This pilot study established a system to compare effects of different anesthetics and generated a hypothesis that propofol trended to have a higher incidence and had longer duration of postoperative delirium than sevoflurane. Additional studies with a larger sample size are needed to test this hypothesis. Show more
Keywords: Anesthesia, delirium, postoperative, propofol, sevoflurane
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-200322
Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 1627-1636, 2020
Authors: Yu, Jian | Tang, Wenyu | Sulaiman, Zubaidan | Ma, Xin | Wang, Jiayi | Shi, Zhongyong | Liu, Qidong | Xie, Zhongcong | Shen, Yuan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Background: Surgery may be associated with postoperative cognitive impairment in elder participants, yet the extent of its association with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains undetermined. Objective: To determine the relationship between surgery and MCI. Methods: The data of participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were analyzed, including individuals with MCI or normal cognition. We focused on surgeries conducted after the age of 45, categorized by the number of surgeries, surgical risk, and the age at which surgeries occurred. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to determine the association between surgery and the development of MCI. Results: The study is comprised …of 387 individuals with MCI and 578 cognitively normal individuals. The overall surgery exposure (adjusted OR = 1.14, [95% CI 0.83, 1.56], p = 0.43) and the number of surgeries (adjusted OR = 0.92 [0.62, 1.36], p = 0.67 for single exposure, adjusted OR = 1.12 [0.71, 1.78], p = 0.63 for two exposures, adjusted OR = 1.38 [0.95, 2.01], p = 0.09 for three or more exposures compared to no exposure as the reference) were not associated with the development of MCI. However, high-risk surgeries (adjusted OR = 1.79 [1.00, 3.21], p = 0.049) or surgeries occurring after the age of 75 (adjusted OR = 2.01 [1.03, 3.90], p = 0.041) were associated with a greater risk of developing MCI. Conclusions: High risk surgeries occurring at an older age contribute to the development of MCI, indicating a complex of mechanistic insights for the development of postoperative cognitive impairment. Show more
Keywords: Aging, Alzheimer’s disease, elderly, geriatric, mild cognitive impairment, surgery
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-240467
Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 100, no. 4, pp. 1379-1388, 2024
Authors: Feng, Wei | Yokoyama, Jennifer S. | Yu, Shunying | Chen, You | Cheng, Yan | Bonham, Luke W. | Wang, Dongxiang | Shen, Yuan | Wu, Wenyuan | Li, Chunbo
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Background: Cognitive training may contribute to the ability to maintain cognitive function in healthy elderly adults. Whether genotype modifies training effects remains unknown. Objective: Assess influence of APOE on cognitive function over time in community-dwelling elderly adults participating in multi-domain cognitive training. Methods: Healthy individuals ≥70 years of age were screened from one urban community in Shanghai. 145 healthy Chinese older adults met inclusion criteria and were assigned to intervention (n = 88) or control (n = 57) groups. Multi-domain cognitive training involved 24 sessions of different content taking place over 12 weeks. Neuropsychological testing was administered at baseline, immediately after training, …six months and twelve months post-intervention; composite measures of cognitive function were identified via factor analysis. Results: Three factors explained the majority of variance in function (verbal memory, processing speed, executive function). The intervention attenuated 12-month declines in processing speed, regardless of APOE genotype (p = 0.047). Executive function declined in APOE ɛ 4 carriers over 12 months, regardless of intervention (p = 0.056). There was a significant interaction after 12 months where intervention ɛ 4 carriers had better processing speed than ɛ 4 controls (p = 0.003). Intervention ɛ 2 carriers had better executive function immediately after training (p = 0.02) and had better verbal memory 6-months post-intervention (p = 0.04). These effects remained significant after false-discovery rate correction. Conclusion: Multi-domain cognitive training reduces declines in processing speed over time. APOE ɛ 4 is associated with reductions in executive function over time, and training may attenuate ɛ 4-associated declines in processing speed. APOE ɛ 2 carriers may also benefit from training, particularly on measures of executive function and verbal memory. Show more
Keywords: Apolipoprotein E, cognitive training, elderly, neuropsychology
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-150039
Citation: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 1035-1046, 2015
