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Ultra-fast laser pulses as a probe of electron dynamics : a next generation QTAIM perspective
Get PDFThe Hunan Natural Science Foundation of China project gratefully acknowledged approval number: 2022JJ30029. The One Hundred Talents Foundation of Hunan Province is also gratefully acknowledged for the support of S.J. and S.R.K. MJP thanks the EPSRC for funding through grants EP/T021675 and EP/V006746.We investigate the construction of an ultra-fast laser probe to determine the response of the electron dynamics of ethane using next generation QTAIM (NG-QTAIM). This is undertaken by applying a pair of simulated left and right circularly polarized ultra-fast laser pulses of duration 10 fs. A proportional increase in the C-C BCP bond strain with peak electric field was discovered. NG-QTAIM was used to identify a characteristic morphology associated with ultra-fast laser probes. Candidate ultra-fast laser probes were selected on the basis of the ground state population remaining undisturbed at a time t = 15 fs.Peer reviewe
The genome of the deep-sea anemone Actinernus sp. contains a mega-array of ANTP-class homeobox genes
Get PDFThis study was supported by Hong Kong Research Grant Council Collaborative Research Fund CRF (grant no. C4015-20EF), General Research Fund GRF (grant no. 14100420), CUHK Direct Grant (grant nos. 4053489 and 4053547), Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (grant nos. HJ202101, SMSEGL20SC01 and SMSEGL20SC02) and Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research of Guangdong Province (grant no. 2019B030302004).Members of the phylum Cnidaria include sea anemones, corals and jellyfish, and have successfully colonized both marine and freshwater habitats throughout the world. The understanding of how cnidarians adapt to extreme environments such as the dark, high-pressure deep-sea habitat has been hindered by the lack of genomic information. Here, we report the first chromosome-level deep-sea cnidarian genome, of the anemone Actinernus sp., which was 1.39 Gbp in length and contained 44 970 gene models including 14 806 tRNA genes and 30 164 protein-coding genes. Analyses of homeobox genes revealed the longest chromosome hosts a mega-array of Hox cluster, HoxL, NK cluster and NKL homeobox genes; until now, such an array has only been hypothesized to have existed in ancient ancestral genomes. In addition to this striking arrangement of homeobox genes, analyses of microRNAs revealed cnidarian-specific complements that are distinctive for nested clades of these animals, presumably reflecting the progressive evolution of the gene regulatory networks in which they are embedded. Also, compared with other sea anemones, circadian rhythm genes were lost in Actinernus sp., which likely reflects adaptation to living in the dark. This high-quality genome of a deep-sea cnidarian thus reveals some of the likely molecular adaptations of this ecologically important group of metazoans to the extreme deep-sea environment. It also deepens our understanding of the evolution of genome content and organization of animals in general and cnidarians in particular, specifically from the viewpoint of key developmental control genes like the homeobox-encoding genes, where we find an array of genes that until now has only been hypothesized to have existed in the ancient ancestor that pre-dated both the cnidarians and bilaterians.Peer reviewe
A true crime story : the role of space, time, and identity in narrating criminal authority
Get PDFThis article presents a theoretical and methodological argument for employing a narrative-based approach to explore criminal organisations’ (COs) claims to political authority, accompanied by an empirical example. International Relations scholarship is increasingly interested in the role narratives play in political meaning-making processes, with violent non-state actors (VNSAs) beginning to occupy a central space in such investigations. This work has contributed important insights into how VNSAs, such as terrorists and insurgents, mobilise narratives to challenge state authority. However, this literature still needs to take stock of groups that do not directly challenge the state but rather live within it. Drawing on Mikhail Bakhtin’s literary theory and using the Sicilian Mafia as a case study, I show that COs exercise and construct their narratives of political authority by reappropriating the state’s key constitutive narratives of space, time, and identity. By reflecting the same form of (statist) political imagination via alternative spatial, temporal, and identity configurations, these groups simultaneously reject and reproduce modern articulations of political authority in their spatio-temporal and identity dimensions.Peer reviewe
De Morgan-Płonka sums
Get PDFThis paper develops De Morgan-Płonka sums, which generalise Płonka sums to contexts in which negation is not topically transparent but still respects De Morgan duality. We give a general theory of De Morgan-Płonka sums, on the model of the general theory of Płonka sums. Additionally, we describe free De Morgan-Płonka sums and apply our construction to give an algebraic proof of completeness for Kit Fine’s truthmaker semantics for Angell’s logic of analytic containment.Peer reviewe
A boron, nitrogen, and oxygen doped π-extended helical pure blue multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitter for organic light emitting diodes that shows fast kRISC without the use of heavy atoms
Get PDFFunding: This work was supported financially by the JSPS Core-to-Core Program (grant number: JPJSCCA20180005), JSPS International Leading Research (ILR) (Grant No. 23K20039), JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research (Grant No. 23H05406), Kyulux Inc, and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for support (EP/R035164/1; EP/W007517/1). C.-Y.C acknowledges the support from the grant from the City University of Hong Kong (Project Nos. 9610637and 9231531). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 838885 (NarrowbandSSL). S.M.S. acknowledges support from the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (grant agreement No. 838885 NarrowbandSSL). Computational resources have been provided by the Consortium des Équipementsde Calcul Intensif (CÉCI), funded by the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifiques de Belgique (F. R. S.-FNRS) under Grant No. 2.5020.11, as well as the Tier-1 supercomputer of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, infrastructure funded by the Walloon Region under the grant agreement n1117545.Narrowband emissive multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters are a promising solution to achieve the current industry-targeted color standard, Rec. BT.2020-2, for blue color without using optical filters, aiming for high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, their long triplet lifetimes, largely affected by their slow reverse intersystem crossing rates, adversely affect device stability. In this study, a helical MR-TADF emitter (f-DOABNA) is designed and synthesized. Owing to its π-delocalized structure, f-DOABNA possesses a small singlet-triplet gap, ΔEST, and displays simultaneously an exceptionally faster reverse intersystem crossing rate constant, kRISC, of up to 2 × 106 s−1 and a very high photoluminescence quantum yield, ΦPL, of over 90% in both solution and doped films. The OLED with f-DOABNA as the emitter achieved a narrow deep-blue emission at 445 nm (full width at half-maximum of 24 nm) associated with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.150, 0.041), and showed a high maximum external quantum efficiency, EQEmax, of ≈20%.Peer reviewe
A note on καὶ ἀφανίσθητε (LXX Hab 1:5)
Get PDFThe Greek translation of Hab 1:5 contains an element that is absent in other textual witnesses: καὶ ἀφανίσθητε »and be annihilated.« In this essay I will consider three possible explanations for the presence of this plus, and I will suggest two potential sources for its origin: LXX Hos 14:1, and the Hebrew text of Psalm 94.Peer reviewe
Systematic uncertainties associated with the cosmological analysis of the first Pan-STARRS1 Type Ia supernova sample
Get PDFWe probe the systematic uncertainties from the 113 Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) in the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) sample along with 197 SN Ia from a combination of low-redshift surveys. The companion paper by Rest et al. describes the photometric measurements and cosmological inferences from the PS1 sample. The largest systematic uncertainty stems from the photometric calibration of the PS1 and low-z samples. We increase the sample of observed Calspec standards from 7 to 10 used to define the PS1 calibration system. The PS1 and SDSS-II calibration systems are compared and discrepancies up to ~0.02 mag are recovered. We find uncertainties in the proper way to treat intrinsic colors and reddening produce differences in the recovered value of w up to 3%. We estimate masses of host galaxies of PS1 supernovae and detect an insignificant difference in distance residuals of the full sample of 0.037 ± 0.031 mag for host galaxies with high and low masses. Assuming flatness and including systematic uncertainties in our analysis of only SNe measurements, we find w =-1.120+0.360-0.206(Stat) +0.269-0.291(Sys). With additional constraints from Baryon acoustic oscillation, cosmic microwave background (CMB) (Planck) and H0 measurements, we find w=-1.166+0.072-0.069 and Ωm=0.280+0.013-0.012 (statistical and systematic errors added in quadrature). The significance of the inconsistency with w = -1 depends on whether we use Planck or Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe measurements of the CMB: wBAO+H0+SN+WMAP=-1.124+0.083-0.065.Peer reviewe
Return from exile : mythology and heritage in American born Chinese and its Disney adaptation
Get PDFThough American Born Chinese has received a significant degree of scholarly study, the prevalence of cultural exile in the text has not received sufficient attention. Said's theorization on exile provides a guide to examining the mindset of Jin, who willfully accepts exile from his Chinese-American heritage because of how he feels neither truly Chinese nor truly American. Only through a visceral encounter with Chinese mythology does he return from exile and embrace that heritage. The Disney adaptation, though significant from a “representation” standpoint, removes that threat of exile, diluting the narrative into a reassuring, palatable formula.Peer reviewe
Alkyl backbone variations in common β-diketiminate ligands and applications to N-heterocyclic silylene chemistry
Get PDFWe report the extension of the common β-diketimine proligand class, RArnacnacH (HC(RCNAr)2H), where R is an alkyl group such as Et or iPr, plus Ph, and Ar is a sterically demanding aryl substituent such as Dip = 2,6-diispropylphenyl, Dep = 2,6-diethylphenyl, Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl or mesityl, Xyl = 2,6-dimethylphenyl, via one-pot condensation procedures. When a condensation reaction is carried out using the chemical dehydrating agent PPSE (polyphosphoric acid trimethylsilylester), β-diketiminate phosphorus(V) products such as (iPrMesnacnac)PO2 can also be obtained, which can be converted to the respective proligand iPrMesnacnacH via alkaline hydrolysis. The RArnacnacH proligands can be converted to their alkali metal complexes with common methods and we have found that deprotonation of iPrDipnacnacH is significantly more sluggish than of related β-diketimines with smaller backbone alkyl groups. The basicity of the RArnacnac- anions can play a role in the success of their salt metathesis chemistry and we have prepared and structurally characterised the EtDipnacnac-derived silicon(II) compounds (EtDipnacnac)SiBr and (EtDipnacnac’)Si, where EtDipnacnac’ is the deprotonated variant MeCHC(NDip)CHC(NDip)Et.Peer reviewe
