Page 1. INTRODUCCIÓN Las ecuaciones que rigen el flujo de un fluido viscoso incompresible son las... more Page 1. INTRODUCCIÓN Las ecuaciones que rigen el flujo de un fluido viscoso incompresible son las ecuaciones de Na-vier-Stokes. Esta ley está constituida por un siste-ma de ecuaciones diferenciales en derivadas par ...
This paper presents the experimental validation and the application to a real industrial catchmen... more This paper presents the experimental validation and the application to a real industrial catchment of a two-dimensional depth-averaged shallow water model used for the computation of rainfall-runoff transformation from direct precipitation data. Instead of using the common approach in flood inundation modelling, which consists in computing the water depth and velocity fields given the water discharge, in this study the rainfall intensity is imposed directly in the model, the surface runoff being generated automatically. The model considers infiltration losses simultaneously with flow simulation. Gullies are also included in the model, although the coupling between the surface runoff and the sewer network is not considered. Experimental validation of the model is presented in several simplified laboratory configurations of urban catchments, in which the surface runoff has been measured for different hyetographs. The application to a real industrial catchment includes a sewer network flow component, which is solved with the SWMM model. The numerical predictions of the discharge hydrograph generated by a 12 hours storm event are compared with field measurements, providing encouraging results.
An intense campaign was carried out over a 14 month period to characterize concentrations and loa... more An intense campaign was carried out over a 14 month period to characterize concentrations and loads of 7 well-known Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), during dry and wet weather conditions, in an urban combined catchment in the northwest of Spain, a geographical zone with an average annual rainfall over 1500 mm. The main objective was to gather more in-depth knowledge of the mobilization of these "micropollutants" in an urban combined sewer and the possible pressures on water receiving bodies due to combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Hydrographs and pollutographs of these substances in dry weather flows (DWF), on weekdays and weekends, and wet weather flows (WWF) during 10 rain events have been characterized to obtain data that are sufficiently representative for statistical analysis. The research findings show that there is a considerable mobilization of these substances during rain events, mainly in the first part of the hydrographs, especially HHCB galaxolide, ibuprofen and paracetamol with maximum concentrations of 9.76, 8.51 and 5.71 μg/L respectively, whereas these concentrations in dry weather only reached 2.57, 2.11 and 0.72 μg/L respectively. There is a good correlation between the degree of mobilization in wet weather flows and the percentage of dry weather particulate phase of each studied substance, indicating that such mobilization may be associated with adsorption on the sediments deposited on the collectors during the antecedent dry period. These results are in good agreement with removal in conventional WWTP, especially for compounds that tend to adsorb onto sewage sludge.
ABSTRACT Urban and highway runoff has negative environmental and ecological effects on the waters... more ABSTRACT Urban and highway runoff has negative environmental and ecological effects on the waters that receive it. Highway runoff mobilises heavy metal elements and suspended solids from atmospheric deposition and traffic, as well as road degradation and maintenance. A pilot sand filter is designed to reduce metals, hydrocarbons and suspended solids from a highway reach in Fene, Spain. This unit filters a percentage of highway runoff, reducing the mobilised loads of pollutants through filtration and sorption. A monitoring programme is developed to characterise runoff pollution of the pilot catchment. Runoff is found to be heavily polluted with sediments, high chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, copper and zinc. Field data are also used to develop a calibrated hydraulic model of the catchment with the storm water management model. From the long-term simulations using this model, the filtration device is designed for an average spill frequency of about 20 events per year and to capture and treat approximately 90% of the average annual stormwater runoff.
Page 1. INTRODUCCIÓN Las ecuaciones que rigen el flujo de un fluido viscoso incompresible son las... more Page 1. INTRODUCCIÓN Las ecuaciones que rigen el flujo de un fluido viscoso incompresible son las ecuaciones de Na-vier-Stokes. Esta ley está constituida por un siste-ma de ecuaciones diferenciales en derivadas par ...
This paper presents the experimental validation and the application to a real industrial catchmen... more This paper presents the experimental validation and the application to a real industrial catchment of a two-dimensional depth-averaged shallow water model used for the computation of rainfall-runoff transformation from direct precipitation data. Instead of using the common approach in flood inundation modelling, which consists in computing the water depth and velocity fields given the water discharge, in this study the rainfall intensity is imposed directly in the model, the surface runoff being generated automatically. The model considers infiltration losses simultaneously with flow simulation. Gullies are also included in the model, although the coupling between the surface runoff and the sewer network is not considered. Experimental validation of the model is presented in several simplified laboratory configurations of urban catchments, in which the surface runoff has been measured for different hyetographs. The application to a real industrial catchment includes a sewer network flow component, which is solved with the SWMM model. The numerical predictions of the discharge hydrograph generated by a 12 hours storm event are compared with field measurements, providing encouraging results.
An intense campaign was carried out over a 14 month period to characterize concentrations and loa... more An intense campaign was carried out over a 14 month period to characterize concentrations and loads of 7 well-known Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), during dry and wet weather conditions, in an urban combined catchment in the northwest of Spain, a geographical zone with an average annual rainfall over 1500 mm. The main objective was to gather more in-depth knowledge of the mobilization of these "micropollutants" in an urban combined sewer and the possible pressures on water receiving bodies due to combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Hydrographs and pollutographs of these substances in dry weather flows (DWF), on weekdays and weekends, and wet weather flows (WWF) during 10 rain events have been characterized to obtain data that are sufficiently representative for statistical analysis. The research findings show that there is a considerable mobilization of these substances during rain events, mainly in the first part of the hydrographs, especially HHCB galaxolide, ibuprofen and paracetamol with maximum concentrations of 9.76, 8.51 and 5.71 μg/L respectively, whereas these concentrations in dry weather only reached 2.57, 2.11 and 0.72 μg/L respectively. There is a good correlation between the degree of mobilization in wet weather flows and the percentage of dry weather particulate phase of each studied substance, indicating that such mobilization may be associated with adsorption on the sediments deposited on the collectors during the antecedent dry period. These results are in good agreement with removal in conventional WWTP, especially for compounds that tend to adsorb onto sewage sludge.
ABSTRACT Urban and highway runoff has negative environmental and ecological effects on the waters... more ABSTRACT Urban and highway runoff has negative environmental and ecological effects on the waters that receive it. Highway runoff mobilises heavy metal elements and suspended solids from atmospheric deposition and traffic, as well as road degradation and maintenance. A pilot sand filter is designed to reduce metals, hydrocarbons and suspended solids from a highway reach in Fene, Spain. This unit filters a percentage of highway runoff, reducing the mobilised loads of pollutants through filtration and sorption. A monitoring programme is developed to characterise runoff pollution of the pilot catchment. Runoff is found to be heavily polluted with sediments, high chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, copper and zinc. Field data are also used to develop a calibrated hydraulic model of the catchment with the storm water management model. From the long-term simulations using this model, the filtration device is designed for an average spill frequency of about 20 events per year and to capture and treat approximately 90% of the average annual stormwater runoff.
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