Abstract: In this study, the potential of nematodes as an alternative live feed for the omnivorou... more Abstract: In this study, the potential of nematodes as an alternative live feed for the omnivorous larva of Penaeus indicus (Crustacea: Penaeidae) and the carnivorous larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Palaemon elegans (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) was ...
In this study, the effects of synthetic astaxanthin and red pepper on the pigmentation of rainbow... more In this study, the effects of synthetic astaxanthin and red pepper on the pigmentation of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were investigated. The fish (167 g) were fed three diets: Diet A (control diet with no addition of carotenoids), Diet B (75 mg/kg synthetic astaxanthin added) and Diet C (5% red pepper supplemented) for 20, 40 and 60 days. Regardless of the experimental period the highest and lowest total carotenoid deposition in the fillet of the fish were found in fish fed Diet B (8.12 mg/kg) and Diet A (0.62 mg/kg), respectively (p0.05). Addition of 75 mg/kg astaxanthin (Diet B) increased the total cost of the feed by 15%, whereas addition of 5% red pepper (Diet C) to obtain 75 mg/kg of total carotenoid increased the cost by 14%
This study investigates the factors affecting larval and postlarval survival and growth of some d... more This study investigates the factors affecting larval and postlarval survival and growth of some de capod crustaceans with special emphasis on diets. Investigations were concentrated on the influence o live and artificial diets on larval growth, survival, development and trypsM activity of a cominerciall, important marine penaeid shrimp Penaeus indicus and a freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenber gij. In addition, feeding behaviour, gastroevacuation time, trypsM activity of other decapod species wen also studied. Live mixed microalgae Tetraselmis chuii and Skeletonema costatum at 60-70 cells PI-1 promote( highest larval survival, fastest growth and development in P. indicus in comparison to single algal spe cies. Rhinomonas reticulata neither alone nor in combination with other algal species was suitable a! food for the shrimp larvae, A water salinity (S) of 25 ppt was optimal for larval and postlarval cultun of this penaeid species. Postlarvae (PL) of P. indicus reared at lower salinities between PL7 and PL& (20-30 ppt) had a significantly (P<0.05) higher survival and a better growth than those at higher wate salinities. Early PL resisted sudden salinity change of 10 ppt, but required an adaptation period fo greater salinity changes, 10 ppt S was lethal to animals at around PL40-45. A free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus was found to be a suitable alternative for live algai and Artemia in the culture of P. indicus. The nematodes gave good survival, but lower growth than al gaelArtemia from PZI to PLI. Larval growth and survival were significantly improved when the larvai were fed on either nematodes plus algal co-feeds or liPid-enriched nematodes. Pigmented- (astaxanthin nematodes also improved survival and colour of P. indicus larvae in comparison to non-pigmented ones Conventional live diets were also completely replaced using microencapsulated diets (MED) fo the culture of P. indicus, Like the nematodes, MED as a sole feed resulted In lower survival, slowe growth and development in comparison to algaelArtemia. Addition of 15 cells gl-1 frozen algae signifi cantly improved growth and survival during larval development. The larvae fed MED plus algal co feeds had significantly (P<0.05) higher trypsm activity than those fed MED as a sole feed. Similarly provision of 15 cells gl-' algae with nematodes for only 24h or 48h resulted in significant increase H trypsin activity and improved survival and growth to levels comparable to those obtained from al gaelArtemia. It appears that the presence of an algal diet is necessary to induce larval trypsin activity Mi P. indicus at early protozoeal stages, but algae do not influence trypsin at mysts stages. Results sugges that both nematodes and formulated diets lack gut enzyme stimulants and are less digestible than al gaelArtemia diets. When freeze-dried algal materials were incorporated into MED, it was found tha algal substances which trigger larval digestive enzymes were retained within the capsules. Whether thi will improve growth and survival of penaeid larvae remains to be examined. In contrast to penaeid larvae, a complete replacement of live Artemia with nematodes or artificia diets was not possible for the culture of caridean M rosenbergii and PaIdemon elegans larvae. Fo both species, only a partial replacement was achieved from Z4/5 to metamorphosis by using formulateA diets. It was found that these larvae have very low trypsin activity levels between ZI and Z4/5, but th, levels increase sharply afterwards, coinciding with a vast increase in the hepatopancreas. This sharl increase in digestive enzyme activities and longer food retention time enable these larvae to survive oj less digestible formulated diets. A comparison of specific trypsin activity in several larval decapod crustaceans shows a pattein with high levels in herbivores, low levels in carnivores and intermediate levels M omnivores. Herbivor penaeid larvae (P. indicus) and copepods (Temora longicornis and Centropages typicus) rely on hig digestive enzyme activities to extract nutrients from less digestible algae, whereas carnivorous larvaE the lobsters (Homarus gammarus and Nephrops norvegicus) and carideans (M. rosenbergii and .1 elegans) have limited enzymatic capacity and hence require large and easily digestible prey, but rests long starvation periods. Omnivorous mysis penaeid larvae and Carcinus maenas have intermediat levels of digestive enzymes and are able to transfer from herbivorous to omnivorous feeding. To datE only decapod larvae which show high trypsm activity can be successfidly reared to metamorphosis o: formulated feeds. Inclusion of algal material, as a gut enzyme stimulant, for penaeid protozoeal stage and pre-digested ingredients for later stages into feeds are proposed.
A total of 300 juvenile crayfish (13.0±0.03 g) were randomly distributed among 5 dietary groups (... more A total of 300 juvenile crayfish (13.0±0.03 g) were randomly distributed among 5 dietary groups (n=60, 3 replicates) held within 15×500 L-1 fiberglass tanks connected to a recirculation system (RAS), at 20 crayfish per tank. Each group was fed for 12 weeks one of five experimental diets where the main protein sources were: 1) control, fish-meal-based diet (FM, 48% of the diet); 2) 10% FM + 52.5% poultry by-product meal (PoM); 3) 34.5% soybean meal + 34.5% corn gluten meal (Pmix); 4) 34.5% PoM + 32.soybean/corn gluten meal mix (PoM/Pmix); and 5) 10% FM + 27.5% soybean + 27.5% corn gluten meal (FM/Pmix). The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences among diets in terms of growth and feed utilization efficiency. Muscle amino acid profile of redclaw crayfish fed the FM diet had the highest level of total essential amino acids, followed by FM/PMix, Pmix, PoM/Pmix, and PoM diets. Particularly, in all experimental groups, the highest essential amino acids (EAA) were ...
The pigmentation level of an aquatic animal may be an important factor affecting its market value... more The pigmentation level of an aquatic animal may be an important factor affecting its market value and may also directly indicate its healthiness and quality (1). The most effective carotenoid responsible for pigmentation in shrimps is astaxanthin (2). It is well known that carotenoids are ...
The first aim of the present study was to determine appropriate artemia enrichment levels by usin... more The first aim of the present study was to determine appropriate artemia enrichment levels by using Aurantiochytrium mangrovei FIKU008 served as DHA enrichment source and secondly to test the effects of enriched-Artemia on growth and survival during the early larval stages(M1-PL7) of Penaeus semisulcatus. In the 1st experiment, four different enrichment levels of AUR (0.0,0.6,0.8 and 1.0g/L) against a control commercial solution (S-presso) were tested for 12/24-hours enrichment while in the 2nd experiment, three levels (0.0, 0.6 and 0.8g/L) of AUR enriched-Artemia were fed to larval stages. At the end of both enrichments, DHA and EPA levels were found to be significantly enhanced by using AUR at 0.6 and 0.8g/L. In the 2nd experiment, fatty acid composition of the PL was significantly affected by AUR and the PL fed with enriched diets showed higher n-3 LC-PUFA accumulation in their tissues. The larvae grown from M1 to PL7 displayed higher survivals and growth in the enriched AUR-group...
Abstract: The effects of 3 hormones, HCG, LH-RH and serotonin (5-HT), on maturation and spawning ... more Abstract: The effects of 3 hormones, HCG, LH-RH and serotonin (5-HT), on maturation and spawning of Penaeus semisulcatus de Hann, 1844 were investigated in 2 experiments in this study. The experiments were carried out in round (4 m diameter) fiberglass tanks for 50 days. In ...
Yaşama ve büyüme oranları açısından, düşük tuzluluklarla kıyaslandığında, P. semisulcatus post-la... more Yaşama ve büyüme oranları açısından, düşük tuzluluklarla kıyaslandığında, P. semisulcatus post-larvaları (PL), PL20 ve PL60 dönemleri arasında, yüksek tuzluluklarda daha iyi bir performans göstermişlerdir. Yüksek tuzluluklarda (%o30-40) deneme sonuna kadar yaşayanların yüzdeleri (%19-23) düşük tuzluluklardakinden (0.05). Tuzluluğun artması biyomasın 0.020 g'dan (%o 10'da) 0.317 g'a (%o40'ta) çıkmasına neden olmuştur (P 0.05). A rise in salinity resulted in an increase in the biomass from 0.020 g at 10 ppt to 0.317 g at 40 ppt (P < 0.05). Optimum salinity for the nursery culture of P. semisulcatus PLs appeared to be about 40 ppt at 28 $\circ$C. Hence, the results of this study demonstrate that P. semisulcatus inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea is not a good candidate for culture in waters of low salinity
Bu çalışma, iki ayrı deneme halinde, Penaeus semisulcatus’un ön-semirtme dönemindeki optimum su s... more Bu çalışma, iki ayrı deneme halinde, Penaeus semisulcatus’un ön-semirtme dönemindeki optimum su sıcaklığının belirlenmesi ve substratın büyüme ve yaşama oranı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Altı hafta sonunda, 22, 24, 26, 30 ve 34°C’de elde edilen yaşama oranları sırasıyla %52, 46, 70, 30 ve 40 olarak bulunmuştur. Total boyca en yüksek (2,76 mm/hafta) ve en düşük (0,43-0,49 mm/hafta) büyüme oranları 34°C ve 22-24°C’de yetiştirilen postlarvalarda (PL) bulunmuştur. 26°C ve 30°C’lerdeki haftalık büyüme oranları sırasıyla 1,03 mm ve 1,75 mm’dir. Sıcaklığın 22°C’den 34°C’ye çıkmasıyla deneme sonu bireysel ağırlık 55 mg’dan 285 mg’a çıkmıştır (yaklaşık 5 kat artış). 22, 24 ve 26°C’de yetiştirilen PL’lerde büyüme farklı bulunmamıştır (P>0.05). Ağırlıkça büyüme oranı 34°C’de 432 mg/hafta ve 22-24°C’de 58-68 mg/hafta olarak belirlenmiştir. 34°C’de büyütülen PL’ler 22-24°C’dekilere göre 6-7 kat daha hızlı büyümüşlerdir. 34°C’de elde edilen ürün (5,7 g), 22°C’dekinden ...
Bu çalışmada üç farklı hormon, HCG, LH-RH ve Serotonin (S-HT)'in Penaeus semisulcatus de Hann... more Bu çalışmada üç farklı hormon, HCG, LH-RH ve Serotonin (S-HT)'in Penaeus semisulcatus de Hann, 1844'un gonad gelişimi ve yumurtlaması üzerine etkileri iki denemede araştırılmıştır. Denemeler yuvarlak (4 m çapında) fiberglas tanklarda 50 günlük sürede gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci denemede 3 farklı dozda HCG enjekte edilen [1, 2 ve 3 IU $g^{-1}$ Vücut Ağırlığı (VA)] karideslerin üreme performansı serum fizyolojik solüsyon (%0,85 NaCl) enjekte edilen grup ve göz sapı kesilen grup ile karşılaştırmıştır, ikinci denemede 3 farklı LH-RH (0,01, 0,1 ve 0,2 mg $g^{-1}$ VA) ve Serotonin (20, 50 ve 100 pg $g^{-1}$ VA) enjeksiyonu yapılan karideslerin üreme performansı serum fizyolojik solüsyon enjekte edilen grup ve gözsapı kesimi yapılan grup ile karşılaştırılmışlar. Birinci denemede kabuk değiştirme döngüsü muameleler arasında istatistik! o.larak farklılık göstermemiştir (P > 0,05). En fazla yumurtlama gözsapı kesilen gruptan elde edilmiş ve bunu sırasıyla 3 IU $g^{-1}$ (iki yumur...
Response of proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulca... more Response of proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus in relation to changing water temperatures during over wintering (for 8-weeks at 11-16°C) and then refeeding periods (at 28°C for a further 2-weeks) was investigated in this study. The shrimps did not appear to need to catabolise their either body proteins or lipids during the overwintering period, as the feeding was not ceased completely. While muscle protein, ash and dry matter compositions of the shrimps did not change by changing temperature, lipid increased from 1% during the overwintering period to 1.2% during the recovery period (P<0.01). Saturated FAs (SFA), mono-unsaturated FAs (MUFA), and partially poly-unsaturated FAs (n-6 PUFA) declined, on the contrary, n-3 PUFA significantly rose in the muscle and hepatopacreas during the cold exposure. Shrimps tended to consume especially SFA and, to a lesser degree, MUFA under sub-optimal conditions (P<0.01). PUFA and LC-PUFA ap...
Abstract: In this study, the potential of nematodes as an alternative live feed for the omnivorou... more Abstract: In this study, the potential of nematodes as an alternative live feed for the omnivorous larva of Penaeus indicus (Crustacea: Penaeidae) and the carnivorous larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Palaemon elegans (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) was ...
In this study, the effects of synthetic astaxanthin and red pepper on the pigmentation of rainbow... more In this study, the effects of synthetic astaxanthin and red pepper on the pigmentation of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were investigated. The fish (167 g) were fed three diets: Diet A (control diet with no addition of carotenoids), Diet B (75 mg/kg synthetic astaxanthin added) and Diet C (5% red pepper supplemented) for 20, 40 and 60 days. Regardless of the experimental period the highest and lowest total carotenoid deposition in the fillet of the fish were found in fish fed Diet B (8.12 mg/kg) and Diet A (0.62 mg/kg), respectively (p0.05). Addition of 75 mg/kg astaxanthin (Diet B) increased the total cost of the feed by 15%, whereas addition of 5% red pepper (Diet C) to obtain 75 mg/kg of total carotenoid increased the cost by 14%
This study investigates the factors affecting larval and postlarval survival and growth of some d... more This study investigates the factors affecting larval and postlarval survival and growth of some de capod crustaceans with special emphasis on diets. Investigations were concentrated on the influence o live and artificial diets on larval growth, survival, development and trypsM activity of a cominerciall, important marine penaeid shrimp Penaeus indicus and a freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenber gij. In addition, feeding behaviour, gastroevacuation time, trypsM activity of other decapod species wen also studied. Live mixed microalgae Tetraselmis chuii and Skeletonema costatum at 60-70 cells PI-1 promote( highest larval survival, fastest growth and development in P. indicus in comparison to single algal spe cies. Rhinomonas reticulata neither alone nor in combination with other algal species was suitable a! food for the shrimp larvae, A water salinity (S) of 25 ppt was optimal for larval and postlarval cultun of this penaeid species. Postlarvae (PL) of P. indicus reared at lower salinities between PL7 and PL& (20-30 ppt) had a significantly (P<0.05) higher survival and a better growth than those at higher wate salinities. Early PL resisted sudden salinity change of 10 ppt, but required an adaptation period fo greater salinity changes, 10 ppt S was lethal to animals at around PL40-45. A free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus was found to be a suitable alternative for live algai and Artemia in the culture of P. indicus. The nematodes gave good survival, but lower growth than al gaelArtemia from PZI to PLI. Larval growth and survival were significantly improved when the larvai were fed on either nematodes plus algal co-feeds or liPid-enriched nematodes. Pigmented- (astaxanthin nematodes also improved survival and colour of P. indicus larvae in comparison to non-pigmented ones Conventional live diets were also completely replaced using microencapsulated diets (MED) fo the culture of P. indicus, Like the nematodes, MED as a sole feed resulted In lower survival, slowe growth and development in comparison to algaelArtemia. Addition of 15 cells gl-1 frozen algae signifi cantly improved growth and survival during larval development. The larvae fed MED plus algal co feeds had significantly (P<0.05) higher trypsm activity than those fed MED as a sole feed. Similarly provision of 15 cells gl-' algae with nematodes for only 24h or 48h resulted in significant increase H trypsin activity and improved survival and growth to levels comparable to those obtained from al gaelArtemia. It appears that the presence of an algal diet is necessary to induce larval trypsin activity Mi P. indicus at early protozoeal stages, but algae do not influence trypsin at mysts stages. Results sugges that both nematodes and formulated diets lack gut enzyme stimulants and are less digestible than al gaelArtemia diets. When freeze-dried algal materials were incorporated into MED, it was found tha algal substances which trigger larval digestive enzymes were retained within the capsules. Whether thi will improve growth and survival of penaeid larvae remains to be examined. In contrast to penaeid larvae, a complete replacement of live Artemia with nematodes or artificia diets was not possible for the culture of caridean M rosenbergii and PaIdemon elegans larvae. Fo both species, only a partial replacement was achieved from Z4/5 to metamorphosis by using formulateA diets. It was found that these larvae have very low trypsin activity levels between ZI and Z4/5, but th, levels increase sharply afterwards, coinciding with a vast increase in the hepatopancreas. This sharl increase in digestive enzyme activities and longer food retention time enable these larvae to survive oj less digestible formulated diets. A comparison of specific trypsin activity in several larval decapod crustaceans shows a pattein with high levels in herbivores, low levels in carnivores and intermediate levels M omnivores. Herbivor penaeid larvae (P. indicus) and copepods (Temora longicornis and Centropages typicus) rely on hig digestive enzyme activities to extract nutrients from less digestible algae, whereas carnivorous larvaE the lobsters (Homarus gammarus and Nephrops norvegicus) and carideans (M. rosenbergii and .1 elegans) have limited enzymatic capacity and hence require large and easily digestible prey, but rests long starvation periods. Omnivorous mysis penaeid larvae and Carcinus maenas have intermediat levels of digestive enzymes and are able to transfer from herbivorous to omnivorous feeding. To datE only decapod larvae which show high trypsm activity can be successfidly reared to metamorphosis o: formulated feeds. Inclusion of algal material, as a gut enzyme stimulant, for penaeid protozoeal stage and pre-digested ingredients for later stages into feeds are proposed.
A total of 300 juvenile crayfish (13.0±0.03 g) were randomly distributed among 5 dietary groups (... more A total of 300 juvenile crayfish (13.0±0.03 g) were randomly distributed among 5 dietary groups (n=60, 3 replicates) held within 15×500 L-1 fiberglass tanks connected to a recirculation system (RAS), at 20 crayfish per tank. Each group was fed for 12 weeks one of five experimental diets where the main protein sources were: 1) control, fish-meal-based diet (FM, 48% of the diet); 2) 10% FM + 52.5% poultry by-product meal (PoM); 3) 34.5% soybean meal + 34.5% corn gluten meal (Pmix); 4) 34.5% PoM + 32.soybean/corn gluten meal mix (PoM/Pmix); and 5) 10% FM + 27.5% soybean + 27.5% corn gluten meal (FM/Pmix). The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences among diets in terms of growth and feed utilization efficiency. Muscle amino acid profile of redclaw crayfish fed the FM diet had the highest level of total essential amino acids, followed by FM/PMix, Pmix, PoM/Pmix, and PoM diets. Particularly, in all experimental groups, the highest essential amino acids (EAA) were ...
The pigmentation level of an aquatic animal may be an important factor affecting its market value... more The pigmentation level of an aquatic animal may be an important factor affecting its market value and may also directly indicate its healthiness and quality (1). The most effective carotenoid responsible for pigmentation in shrimps is astaxanthin (2). It is well known that carotenoids are ...
The first aim of the present study was to determine appropriate artemia enrichment levels by usin... more The first aim of the present study was to determine appropriate artemia enrichment levels by using Aurantiochytrium mangrovei FIKU008 served as DHA enrichment source and secondly to test the effects of enriched-Artemia on growth and survival during the early larval stages(M1-PL7) of Penaeus semisulcatus. In the 1st experiment, four different enrichment levels of AUR (0.0,0.6,0.8 and 1.0g/L) against a control commercial solution (S-presso) were tested for 12/24-hours enrichment while in the 2nd experiment, three levels (0.0, 0.6 and 0.8g/L) of AUR enriched-Artemia were fed to larval stages. At the end of both enrichments, DHA and EPA levels were found to be significantly enhanced by using AUR at 0.6 and 0.8g/L. In the 2nd experiment, fatty acid composition of the PL was significantly affected by AUR and the PL fed with enriched diets showed higher n-3 LC-PUFA accumulation in their tissues. The larvae grown from M1 to PL7 displayed higher survivals and growth in the enriched AUR-group...
Abstract: The effects of 3 hormones, HCG, LH-RH and serotonin (5-HT), on maturation and spawning ... more Abstract: The effects of 3 hormones, HCG, LH-RH and serotonin (5-HT), on maturation and spawning of Penaeus semisulcatus de Hann, 1844 were investigated in 2 experiments in this study. The experiments were carried out in round (4 m diameter) fiberglass tanks for 50 days. In ...
Yaşama ve büyüme oranları açısından, düşük tuzluluklarla kıyaslandığında, P. semisulcatus post-la... more Yaşama ve büyüme oranları açısından, düşük tuzluluklarla kıyaslandığında, P. semisulcatus post-larvaları (PL), PL20 ve PL60 dönemleri arasında, yüksek tuzluluklarda daha iyi bir performans göstermişlerdir. Yüksek tuzluluklarda (%o30-40) deneme sonuna kadar yaşayanların yüzdeleri (%19-23) düşük tuzluluklardakinden (0.05). Tuzluluğun artması biyomasın 0.020 g'dan (%o 10'da) 0.317 g'a (%o40'ta) çıkmasına neden olmuştur (P 0.05). A rise in salinity resulted in an increase in the biomass from 0.020 g at 10 ppt to 0.317 g at 40 ppt (P < 0.05). Optimum salinity for the nursery culture of P. semisulcatus PLs appeared to be about 40 ppt at 28 $\circ$C. Hence, the results of this study demonstrate that P. semisulcatus inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea is not a good candidate for culture in waters of low salinity
Bu çalışma, iki ayrı deneme halinde, Penaeus semisulcatus’un ön-semirtme dönemindeki optimum su s... more Bu çalışma, iki ayrı deneme halinde, Penaeus semisulcatus’un ön-semirtme dönemindeki optimum su sıcaklığının belirlenmesi ve substratın büyüme ve yaşama oranı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Altı hafta sonunda, 22, 24, 26, 30 ve 34°C’de elde edilen yaşama oranları sırasıyla %52, 46, 70, 30 ve 40 olarak bulunmuştur. Total boyca en yüksek (2,76 mm/hafta) ve en düşük (0,43-0,49 mm/hafta) büyüme oranları 34°C ve 22-24°C’de yetiştirilen postlarvalarda (PL) bulunmuştur. 26°C ve 30°C’lerdeki haftalık büyüme oranları sırasıyla 1,03 mm ve 1,75 mm’dir. Sıcaklığın 22°C’den 34°C’ye çıkmasıyla deneme sonu bireysel ağırlık 55 mg’dan 285 mg’a çıkmıştır (yaklaşık 5 kat artış). 22, 24 ve 26°C’de yetiştirilen PL’lerde büyüme farklı bulunmamıştır (P>0.05). Ağırlıkça büyüme oranı 34°C’de 432 mg/hafta ve 22-24°C’de 58-68 mg/hafta olarak belirlenmiştir. 34°C’de büyütülen PL’ler 22-24°C’dekilere göre 6-7 kat daha hızlı büyümüşlerdir. 34°C’de elde edilen ürün (5,7 g), 22°C’dekinden ...
Bu çalışmada üç farklı hormon, HCG, LH-RH ve Serotonin (S-HT)'in Penaeus semisulcatus de Hann... more Bu çalışmada üç farklı hormon, HCG, LH-RH ve Serotonin (S-HT)'in Penaeus semisulcatus de Hann, 1844'un gonad gelişimi ve yumurtlaması üzerine etkileri iki denemede araştırılmıştır. Denemeler yuvarlak (4 m çapında) fiberglas tanklarda 50 günlük sürede gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci denemede 3 farklı dozda HCG enjekte edilen [1, 2 ve 3 IU $g^{-1}$ Vücut Ağırlığı (VA)] karideslerin üreme performansı serum fizyolojik solüsyon (%0,85 NaCl) enjekte edilen grup ve göz sapı kesilen grup ile karşılaştırmıştır, ikinci denemede 3 farklı LH-RH (0,01, 0,1 ve 0,2 mg $g^{-1}$ VA) ve Serotonin (20, 50 ve 100 pg $g^{-1}$ VA) enjeksiyonu yapılan karideslerin üreme performansı serum fizyolojik solüsyon enjekte edilen grup ve gözsapı kesimi yapılan grup ile karşılaştırılmışlar. Birinci denemede kabuk değiştirme döngüsü muameleler arasında istatistik! o.larak farklılık göstermemiştir (P > 0,05). En fazla yumurtlama gözsapı kesilen gruptan elde edilmiş ve bunu sırasıyla 3 IU $g^{-1}$ (iki yumur...
Response of proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulca... more Response of proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus in relation to changing water temperatures during over wintering (for 8-weeks at 11-16°C) and then refeeding periods (at 28°C for a further 2-weeks) was investigated in this study. The shrimps did not appear to need to catabolise their either body proteins or lipids during the overwintering period, as the feeding was not ceased completely. While muscle protein, ash and dry matter compositions of the shrimps did not change by changing temperature, lipid increased from 1% during the overwintering period to 1.2% during the recovery period (P<0.01). Saturated FAs (SFA), mono-unsaturated FAs (MUFA), and partially poly-unsaturated FAs (n-6 PUFA) declined, on the contrary, n-3 PUFA significantly rose in the muscle and hepatopacreas during the cold exposure. Shrimps tended to consume especially SFA and, to a lesser degree, MUFA under sub-optimal conditions (P<0.01). PUFA and LC-PUFA ap...
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