Havagiray Chitme
DIT University Dehradun, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty Member
- Oman Medical College, Pharmacy, Faculty Memberadd
In this review, we describe and discuss the phytoconstituents present in Hedychium species and emphasize their potential as drug candidates. Though they are widely validated in vitro and in vivo models, to date, no efforts have been made... more
In this review, we describe and discuss the phytoconstituents present in Hedychium species and emphasize their potential as drug candidates. Though they are widely validated in vitro and in vivo models, to date, no efforts have been made to compile in a single review all the pharmacologically active phytoconstituents from Hedychium species, and their pharmacological and toxicity profile. In this study, we present a reinvestigation of the chemical constituents present in Hedychium species obtained from the essential oil and solvent extraction of the flowers, leaves and rhizomes under consideration. Key databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar amongst others were probed for a systematic search using keywords to retrieve relevant publications on this plant. An exhaustive electronic survey of the related literature on Hedychium species resulted in around 200 articles. Articles published between the years 1975–2021 were included. The studies conducted on eithe...
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Background The genetic make-up of local granulosa cells and their function in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is crucial to a full comprehension of the disorder. The major purpose of this study was to compare the... more
Background The genetic make-up of local granulosa cells and their function in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is crucial to a full comprehension of the disorder. The major purpose of this study was to compare the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of cumulus granulosa cells (CGCs) and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) between healthy individuals and women with PCOS using genome-wide association analysis (GWA). A case–control study was conducted in a total of 24 women diagnosed with PCOS and 24 healthy non-PCOS women of reproductive age aggregated into 4 samples of 6 patients each. GWA studies entail several processes, such as cell separation, cellular DNA extraction, library preparation followed by interpretation using bioinformatics databases. SNP locations were identified by reference gene also involves the use of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) (MALDI-TOF-MS) for the first sorting. Hybridization wi...
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The plain 5-fluorouracil (5FU) formulations available in the market are associated with adverse effects such as skin irritation, pruritus, redness, blisters, allergy, and dryness on the site of application. The objective of the present... more
The plain 5-fluorouracil (5FU) formulations available in the market are associated with adverse effects such as skin irritation, pruritus, redness, blisters, allergy, and dryness on the site of application. The objective of the present study was to develop a liposomal emulgel of 5FU with increased skin permeability and efficacy using clove oil and eucalyptus oil along with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, stabilizers, binders, and additives. A series of seven formulations were developed and evaluated for their entrapment efficiency, in vitro release profile, and cumulative drug release profile. The compatibility of drugs and excipients, as confirmed by FTIR (fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) as well as SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) studies, revealed that the size and shape of liposomes are smooth and spherical, and the liposomes are non-aggregated. To understand their ...
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BACKGROUND Child malnutrition is a major global health problem that imposes morbidity and mortality burdens. Malnutrition has long-term effects on gut health which can affect the development of children. Gut microbes play a crucial role... more
BACKGROUND Child malnutrition is a major global health problem that imposes morbidity and mortality burdens. Malnutrition has long-term effects on gut health which can affect the development of children. Gut microbes play a crucial role in the absorption of nutrients in food. Improving mothers’ awareness regarding gut health is one of the many ways to strengthen against diarrheal conditions and malnutrition among children. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the present study are to design, develop and evaluate a mobile-based intervention to improve gut health through mHealth. The study will further explore the association between socio-demographic characteristics, health status, dietary pattern of child and Water and Sanitation Hygiene Practice (WASH) related knowledge, attitude, practices of a mother living in tribal of Sikar, Rajasthan. METHODS A quasi-experimental randomized trial will be conducted between November 2021 and February 2022. 150 mothers of Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM)...
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Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common complex conditions characterised by presence of ovarian cysts in one side or both sides of the ovary. It is known to cause various health problems in women such as menstrual disorders,... more
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common complex conditions characterised by presence of ovarian cysts in one side or both sides of the ovary. It is known to cause various health problems in women such as menstrual disorders, infertility, endocrine disturbance, insulin resistance and change in composition of body. Therefore present study was carried out to know whether there is any correlation between number of ovarian cysts in PCOS infertile patients and factors related to body composition, anthropometrics, insulin resistance, and insulin sensitivity. Present cross sectional study was carried out at a specialty medical centre for six months of period among sixty one infertile patients diagnosed with PCOS. Pearson correlation analysis has shown a significant (p<0.05) negative correlation between number of cysts and ideal body weight, and trunk skeletal muscle whereas it was negatively highly significant (p<0.01) with whole skeletal muscle and skeletal muscle to tota...
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Background: Drug utilization studies provide information on pattern of drug prescribing and consumption, occurrence of delayed adverse effects, cost influenced sales, and the volume of prescriptions having social, economic, and medical... more
Background: Drug utilization studies provide information on pattern of drug prescribing and consumption, occurrence of delayed adverse effects, cost influenced sales, and the volume of prescriptions having social, economic, and medical significance. Objective: The present study was designed with an objective to evaluate drug utilization in this field of pharmaceutical care. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective, qualitative, cross-sectional, drug utilization study carried out for 1 year in Accident and Emergency Department of Khoula Hospital. Results: Results of the present study indicate that majority of patients complained dizziness by 24% and pain with 50%. Most common antibiotics used in prophylaxis and treatment were amoxiclav, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone injections. As some cases complained of severe pain, they had received paracetamol, ibuprofen, diclofenac, and tramadol. The tetanus toxin injection was given as prophylaxis in 27.9% of cases against poisoning from entry of foreign bodies. Metoclopramide and promethazine are medications given to relieve nausea and vomiting. Analysis of results on use of medications for pain management has shown a significant (P < 0.01) correlation with road traffic injuries. Conclusion: We conclude from this study that majority of patients visiting accident are noted to have minor complications due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) and are treated successfully with most common and safe medications. However, we recommend future extensive studies considering the patients admitted to Inpatient Department and Intensive Care Unit to get clear information on pharmaceutical care provided to manage RTA and their complications.
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Today large number of population suffers from kidney stone disease has increasing due to change in living conditions. Kidney stone formation or urolithiasis is a complex process that results from a succession of several physicochemical... more
Today large number of population suffers from kidney stone disease has increasing due to change in living conditions. Kidney stone formation or urolithiasis is a complex process that results from a succession of several physicochemical events including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention within the kidney. The treatments used are extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The exposure to shock waves in therapeutic doses may cause acute renal injury, in addition increases in stone recurrence, possibility of infection after exposing to shock. Further, progress in the study of the biological and physical manifestations of kidney stones, there is no satisfactory drugs to use in clinical therapy. The data from in vivo and in vitro reveal that phytotherapeutic agents may be useful as alternative or an adjunctive therapy in the management of urolithiasis. The medicinal plants are used from centuries for the treatments of kidney stone, due to its safety, efficacy, cultural acceptability and lesser side effects compared to synthetic drugs. This systemic review reveals are used of single herbs, in treatments of urolithiasis animals models. We conducted an electronic and by hand search treatment studies focusing on animals model and antiurolithiasis activity of plants in urolithiasis. The proven antilithiasis activity of plants in animals models and also traditional, ethno veterinary claimed medicinal plants. Plants extracts and its effective in reducing kidney stone and oxalate, calcium, Phosphate creatinine, uric acid and BUN. The present review article provides basic idea about the different animal's model and parameter to be considered for evaluation of antiurolithiasis animal's models.
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Antiallergic activity of Aristolochia bracteolata was evaluated by using compound 48/80 induced anaphylaxis, dermatitis rhinitis and pruritus, as a preclinical model for acute phase of hypersensitivity reactions. The late phase... more
Antiallergic activity of Aristolochia bracteolata was evaluated by using compound 48/80 induced anaphylaxis, dermatitis rhinitis and pruritus, as a preclinical model for acute phase of hypersensitivity reactions. The late phase hypersensitivity was evidenced by considering toluidine diisocyanate induced volume of bronchoalveolar fluid secretion and its inhibition. The possible antiallergic mechanism was evaluated by using compound 48/80 induced mast cell activation and estimated serum nitric oxide (NO), rat peritoneal fluid NO, bronchoalveolar fluid NO and blood histamine levels. The present study implied that the chloroform extract of Aristolochia bracteolata had potent and significant inhibitory effect on compound 48/80 induced pruritus and dermatitis activity in Swiss albino mice. It showed significant effect in toluidine diisocyanate induced rhinitis in swiss albino mice. Mast cell membrane stabilization activity was also observed in compound 48/80 induced mast cell activation. ...
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Research Interests: Chemistry, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Plant Biology, Calcium, Ethnopharmacology, and 15 moreMedicine, Phytopharmacology, Phytotherapy, Kidney, Animals, Male, Oxalates, Plant extracts, Phosphates, Calcium Oxalate, Creatinine, Ethylene Glycol, Punica, Punicaceae, and Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
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Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk factors identification and modifying them appropriately will assist in reducing the incidence of maternal and fetal complications for high-risk individuals. Aim: The present... more
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk factors identification and modifying them appropriately will assist in reducing the incidence of maternal and fetal complications for high-risk individuals. Aim: The present cross-sectional case–control multicentered study was conducted with an objective to understand the modifiable risk factors in GDM patients of different regions in Oman. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by involving 291 women diagnosed with GDM and 300 normal pregnant women with euglycemia. Primary information including body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), history of pregnancy complications, diet, lifestyle, exercise, occupation, education, and use of steroids was collected by face-to-face interview with an assistance of staff nurse working at respective hospitals. Secondary information was collected from hospital records. Results: GDM cases on an average have 5.47 kg body weight significantly (P < 0.001) higher than the control group. A maximum number of GDM cases were seen in women with waist circumference of more than 99.9 cm having a significant (P < 0.001) mean difference of 6.4 cm between GDM and normal population.;Deg;BM;Deg;I of GDM population was significantly (P < 0.001) higher 30.59 ± 7 kg/m2 compared to 27.89 ± 6.93 kg/m2 of normal population with a likelihood ratio of 300.85. The use of corticosteroids significantly is seen to be associated with an increase in the incidence of GDM (P < 0.001). Physical inactivity has significantly (P < 0.001) increase the risk of GDM by 3.7 times. Whereas walking for more than 30 min/day has significantly reduced the GDM risk by 0.356 times. Prior history of stillbirth is significantly (P < 0.05) associated with GDM cases compared to control. Conclusion: Screening of patients for GDM and following a strategy to modify the identified risk factors will be advantageous and may help to identify those most likely to benefit from intervention.
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Many medical conditions and medicines with therapeutic importance have been shown to impair driving skills, causing road traffic accidents, which leads to great human and economic suffering in Oman. The primary purpose of this study was... more
Many medical conditions and medicines with therapeutic importance have been shown to impair driving skills, causing road traffic accidents, which leads to great human and economic suffering in Oman. The primary purpose of this study was to assess retrospectively the extent of medical conditions and medications influencing road traffic safety among drivers involved in road accidents. We conducted a retrospective study among 951 injured or non-injured drivers who reported to Khoula and Nizwa hospitals. We used the Al-Shifa database to find the drivers and contacted randomly selected patients over phone. The majority of victims were male (72.0%), involving personal cars, and reported at Khoula Hospital. The results show that 7.6% of the victimized drivers had a history of medical conditions with diabetes and hypertension (36.1% each) the most common. About 4.0% of victims were on medications of which insulin was the most common (9.4%). Loss of control was contributed to 38.5% of cases ...
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Background: It is well proven that becoming overweight and obese during pregnancy increase complications in mother while delivering and neonates. Objective: Present study is envisaged to understand the correlation between maternal body... more
Background: It is well proven that becoming overweight and obese during pregnancy increase complications in mother while delivering and neonates. Objective: Present study is envisaged to understand the correlation between maternal body composition and complications in mother and neonates. Methodology: It is a cross sectional longitudinal prospective study carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Oman among 300 randomly selected pregnant women. Results: Preeclampsia was recorded in 44% of patients and more than 67% of them were having more than one complaint. Maternal BMI, total visceral fat, resting metabolic rate are significantly (p<0.05) impacting neonatal birth weight and APGAR score. Maternal body age is correlated significantly (p<0.05) with birth weight and head circumference. The birth complication cesarean delivery, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension are significantly correlated with maternal body age, total body fat, and gestational age. Conclusion: Authors conclude that majority of the pregnant woman in their third trimester suffering from overweight or from high-fat deposition in their bodies are noted to have risks of macrosomia, impaired APGAR score, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension and undergo cesarean delivery.
Research Interests: Teenage Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Unwanted pregnancy and abortion, Body Composition, Racial disparities in birth outcomes, and 9 moreMaternal Complications, Maternal Nutrition and Birth Outcomes, Functional Body Composition and Energy Regulation, Maternal complications of preeclampsia Imri Vishi, Maternal complications of preeclampsia Dr Imri Vishi, Maternal iodine excess, pregnancy complications, Maternal hyperthyroidism, pregnancy complications, Total Body Fat, and Neonatal Complication
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk factors identification and modifying them appropriately will assist in reducing the incidence of maternal and fetal complications for high-risk individuals. Aim: The present... more
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk factors identification and modifying them appropriately will assist in reducing the incidence of maternal and fetal complications for high-risk individuals. Aim: The present cross-sectional case–control multicentered study was conducted with an objective to understand the modifiable risk factors in GDM patients of different regions in Oman. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by involving 291 women diagnosed with GDM and 300 normal pregnant women with euglycemia. Primary information including body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), history of pregnancy complications, diet, lifestyle, exercise, occupation, education, and use of steroids was collected by face-to-face interview with an assistance of staff nurse working at respective hospitals. Secondary information was collected from hospital records. Results: GDM cases on an average have 5.47 kg body weight significantly (P < 0.001) higher than the control group. A maximum number of GDM cases were seen in women with waist circumference of more than 99.9 cm having a significant (P < 0.001) mean difference of 6.4 cm between GDM and normal population.;Deg;BM;Deg;I of GDM population was significantly (P < 0.001) higher 30.59 ± 7 kg/m 2 compared to 27.89 ± 6.93 kg/m 2 of normal population with a likelihood ratio of 300.85. The use of corticosteroids significantly is seen to be associated with an increase in the incidence of GDM (P < 0.001). Physical inactivity has significantly (P < 0.001) increase the risk of GDM by 3.7 times. Whereas walking for more than 30 min/day has significantly reduced the GDM risk by 0.356 times. Prior history of stillbirth is significantly (P < 0.05) associated with GDM cases compared to control. Conclusion: Screening of patients for GDM and following a strategy to modify the identified risk factors will be advantageous and may help to identify those most likely to benefit from intervention.
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Background: Drug utilization studies provide information on pattern of drug prescribing and consumption, occurrence of delayed adverse effects, cost influenced sales, and the volume of prescriptions having social, economic, and medical... more
Background: Drug utilization studies provide information on pattern of drug prescribing and consumption, occurrence of delayed adverse effects, cost influenced sales, and the volume of prescriptions having social, economic, and medical significance. Objective: The present study was designed with an objective to evaluate drug utilization in this field of pharmaceutical care. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective, qualitative, cross-sectional, drug utilization study carried out for 1 year in Accident and Emergency Department of Khoula Hospital. Results: Results of the present study indicate that majority of patients complained dizziness by 24% and pain with 50%. Most common antibiotics used in prophylaxis and treatment were amoxiclav, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone injections. As some cases complained of severe pain, they had received paracetamol, ibuprofen, diclofenac, and tramadol. The tetanus toxin injection was given as prophylaxis in 27.9% of cases against poisoning from entry of foreign bodies. Metoclopramide and promethazine are medications given to relieve nausea and vomiting. Analysis of results on use of medications for pain management has shown a significant (P < 0.01) correlation with road traffic injuries. Conclusion: We conclude from this study that majority of patients visiting accident are noted to have minor complications due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) and are treated successfully with most common and safe medications. However, we recommend future extensive studies considering the patients admitted to Inpatient Department and Intensive Care Unit to get clear information on pharmaceutical care provided to manage RTA and their complications.
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The roots of Calotropis gigantea have been used in leprosy, eczema, syphilis, elephantiasis, ulceration and cough in the Indian system of traditional medicine. The present communication evaluated its antipyretic activity by using... more
The roots of Calotropis gigantea have been used in leprosy, eczema, syphilis, elephantiasis, ulceration and cough in the Indian system of traditional medicine. The present communication evaluated its antipyretic activity by using yeast-induced and TAB (Typhoid) vaccine-induced pyrexia in rats and rabbits. In both yeast-induced and TAB vaccine-induced fever, the fever was significantly reduced and the body temperature was normalized by administration of 200 and 400 mg/kg dose intraperitoneally. Based on the results of the present study it can be concluded that the extract of C. gigantea has potential antipyretic activity against both yeast-induced and TAB vaccine-induced fever, indicating the possibility of developing C. gigantea as a cheaper and potent antipyretic agent.
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The roots of Calotropis gigantea has been used in leprosy, eczema, syphilis, elephantiasis, ulceration and cough in Indian system of traditional medicine. The hydroalcoholic (50:50) extract of the aerial part of Calotropis gigantea was... more
The roots of Calotropis gigantea has been used in leprosy, eczema, syphilis, elephantiasis, ulceration and cough in Indian system of traditional medicine. The hydroalcoholic (50:50) extract of the aerial part of Calotropis gigantea was studied for its analgesic properties. Analgesic activity was evaluated by using Hot-plate test in mice, Tail-flick latent period in rats and Acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. Hydroalcoholic extract of Calotropis gigantea produced a significant increase in the latency to response of mice to hot plate thermal stimulation dose dependently. Maximum dose of the extract produced significant effect from 1 h to 2 h of the study (P < 0.05) and highly significant increase in the latency to response was observed from 3 h to 5 h. All the doses used in the present study (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a significant increase in the tail-flick latency, throughout the 5 h study. The extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg exerted a moderate activity indu...
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Calotropis gigantea R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae) is widely used in traditional medicine for treatment of ulcer, leprosy, eczema, syphilis and elephantiasis, diseases. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory properties of hydroalcoholic... more
Calotropis gigantea R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae) is widely used in traditional medicine for treatment of ulcer, leprosy, eczema, syphilis and elephantiasis, diseases. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory properties of hydroalcoholic (50:50) extract of the aerial part of C. gigantea was studied. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated on the basis of inhibitory effect of the extract on topical, acute and chronic methods by using xylene-induced ear oedema in mice, carrageenin-induced hind paw oedema and cotton-pellet induced granuloma in the rats. The extract dose-dependently produced significant (P < 0.001) inhibition of xylene-induced ear oedema in mice. The extract showed a maximum inhibition (85%) at a dose of 400 mg/kg against ear oedema and its effect was higher than diclofenac sod. (73%). It also demonstrated significant (P < 0.001) inhibition of carrageenin-induced paw oedema in rats. Extract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg produced significant inhibition of the oedema ...