Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1007/11527695_5guideproceedingsArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesConference Proceedingsacm-pubtype
Article

Resolve and expand

Published: 10 May 2004 Publication History

Abstract

We present a novel expansion based decision procedure for quantified boolean formulas (QBF) in conjunctive normal form (CNF). The basic idea is to resolve existentially quantified variables and eliminate universal variables by expansion. This process is continued until the formula becomes propositional and can be solved by any SAT solver. On structured problems our implementation quantor is competitive with state-of-the-art QBF solvers based on DPLL. It is orders of magnitude faster on certain hard to solve instances.

References

[1]
A. Ayari and D. Basin. QUBOS: deciding quantified boolean logic using propositional satisfiability solvers. In Proc. 4th Intl. Conf. on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD'02), volume 2517 of LNCS. Springer, 2002.
[2]
P. Aziz Abdulla, P. Bjesse, and N. Eén. Symbolic reachability analysis based on SAT-solvers. In Proc. 6th Intl. Conf. on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'00), volume 1785 of LNCS. Springer, 2000.
[3]
A. Biere, A. Cimatti, E. M. Clarke, and Y. Zhu. Symbolic Model Checking without BDDs. In Proc. 5th Intl. Conf. on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'99), volume 1579 of LNCS. Springer, 1999.
[4]
M. Cadoli, A. Giovanardi, and M. Schaerf. An algorithm to evaluate quantified boolean formulae. In Proc. 16th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-98), 1998.
[5]
P. Chatalic and L. Simon. ZRes: The old Davis-Putnam procedure meets ZBDDs. In 17th Intl. Conf. on Automated Deduction (CADE'17), volume 1831 of LNAI, 2000.
[6]
P. Chauhan, E. M. Clarke, and D. Kröning. Using SAT based image computation for reachability analysis. Technical Report CMU-CS-03-151, Carnegie Mellon University, 2003.
[7]
M. Davis, G. Logemann, and D. Loveland. A machine program for theorem-proving. Communications of the ACM, 5, 1962.
[8]
M. Davis and H. Putnam. A computing procedure for quantification theory. Journal of the ACM, 7, 1960.
[9]
E. Giunchiglia, M. Narizzano, and A. Tacchella. Learning for quantified boolean logic satisfiability. In Proc. 18th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI'02), 2002.
[10]
H. Kleine Büning, M. Karpinski, and A. Flögel. Resolution for quantified boolean formulas. Information and Computation, 117, 1995.
[11]
D. Le Berre, L. Simon, and A. Tacchella. Challenges in the QBF arena: the SAT'03 evaluation of QBF solvers. In Proc. 6th Intl. Conf. on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing (SAT'03), volume 2919 of LNCS. Springer, 2003.
[12]
R. Letz. Lemma and model caching in decision procedures for quantified boolean formulas. In Proc. Intl. Conf. on Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods (TABLEAUX'02), volume 2381 of LNCS. Springer, 2002.
[13]
K. L. McMillan. Symbolic Model Checking: An approach to the State Explosion Problem. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
[14]
K. L. McMillan. Applying SAT methods in unbounded symbolic model checking. In Proc. 14th Intl. Conf. on Computer-Aided Verification (CAV'02), volume 2404 of LNCS. Springer, July 2002.
[15]
M. Mneimneh and K. Sakallah. Computing vertex eccentricity in exponentially large graphs: QBF formulation and solution. In Proc. 6th Intl. Conf. on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing (SAT'03), volume 2919 of LNCS. Springer, 2003.
[16]
D. Plaisted, A. Biere, and Y. Zhu. A satisfiability procedure for quantified boolean formulae. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 130(2), 2003.
[17]
J. Rintanen. Partial implicit unfolding in the Davis-Putnam procedure for quantified boolean formulae. In International Conference on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence and Reasoning (LPAR'01), 2001.
[18]
W. J. Savitch. Relation between nondeterministic and deterministic tape complexity. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 4, 1970.
[19]
R. Sekar, I. V. Ramakrishnan, and A. Voronkov. Term indexing. In Handbook of Automated Reasoning, volume II. North-Holland, 2001.
[20]
L. J. Stockmeyer and A. R. Meyer. Word problems requiring exponential time. In 5th Annual ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing, 1973.
[21]
P. F. Williams, A. Biere, E. M. Clarke, and A. Gupta. Combining decision diagrams and SAT procedures for efficient symbolic model checking. In Proc. 12th Intl. Conf. on Computer Aided Conf. Verification (CAV'00), volume 1855 of LNCS. Springer, 2000.
[22]
L. Zhang and S. Malik. Conflict driven learning in a quantified boolean satisfiability solver. In Proc. Intl. Conf. on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD'02), 2002.

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Never Trust Your Solver: Certification for SAT and QBFIntelligent Computer Mathematics10.1007/978-3-031-42753-4_2(16-33)Online publication date: 4-Sep-2023
  • (2020)Multi-linear Strategy Extraction for QBF Expansion Proofs via Local SoundnessTheory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing – SAT 202010.1007/978-3-030-51825-7_30(429-446)Online publication date: 3-Jul-2020
  • (2019)Dependency learning for QBFJournal of Artificial Intelligence Research10.1613/jair.1.1152965:1(181-208)Online publication date: 1-May-2019
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Resolve and expand
    Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image Guide Proceedings
    SAT'04: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing
    May 2004
    393 pages
    ISBN:354027829X
    • Editors:
    • Holger H. Hoos,
    • David G. Mitchell

    Sponsors

    • Cornell University: Cornell University
    • Intelligent Information Systems Institute
    • SFU: Simon Fraser University
    • Intel: Intel
    • PIMS: The Pacific Institute for the Mathematical Sciences

    Publisher

    Springer-Verlag

    Berlin, Heidelberg

    Publication History

    Published: 10 May 2004

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 06 Oct 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2023)Never Trust Your Solver: Certification for SAT and QBFIntelligent Computer Mathematics10.1007/978-3-031-42753-4_2(16-33)Online publication date: 4-Sep-2023
    • (2020)Multi-linear Strategy Extraction for QBF Expansion Proofs via Local SoundnessTheory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing – SAT 202010.1007/978-3-030-51825-7_30(429-446)Online publication date: 3-Jul-2020
    • (2019)Dependency learning for QBFJournal of Artificial Intelligence Research10.1613/jair.1.1152965:1(181-208)Online publication date: 1-May-2019
    • (2018)Dependency Quantified Boolean Formulas: An Overview of Solution Methods and ApplicationsTheory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing – SAT 201810.1007/978-3-319-94144-8_1(3-16)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2018
    • (2017)Solution Validation and Extraction for QBF PreprocessingJournal of Automated Reasoning10.1007/s10817-016-9390-458:1(97-125)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2017
    • (2017)Conformant planning as a case study of incremental QBF solvingAnnals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence10.1007/s10472-016-9501-280:1(21-45)Online publication date: 1-May-2017
    • (2017)HQSpre --- An Effective Preprocessor for QBF and DQBFProceedings, Part I, of the 23rd International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems - Volume 1020510.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_21(373-390)Online publication date: 22-Apr-2017
    • (2015)CAQEProceedings of the 15th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design10.5555/2893529.2893554(136-143)Online publication date: 27-Sep-2015
    • (2015)Solving QBF by clause selectionProceedings of the 24th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/2832249.2832294(325-331)Online publication date: 25-Jul-2015
    • (2015)Verification of partial designs using incremental QBFAI Communications10.5555/2733572.273358028:2(283-307)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2015
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    View options

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media