Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
research-article

Design and analysis of dynamic leader election protocols in broadcast networks

Published: 01 February 1996 Publication History
  • Get Citation Alerts
  • Summary

    The well-known problem of leader election in distributed systems is considered in a dynamic context where processes may participate and crash spontaneously. Processes communicate by means of buffered broadcasting as opposed to usual point-to-point communication. In this paper we design a leader election protocol in such a dynamic context. As the problem at hand is considerably complex we develop the protocol in three steps. In the initial design processes are considered to be perfect and a leader is assumed to be present initially. In the second protocol, the assumption of an initial leader is dropped. This leads to a symmetric protocol which uses an (abstract) timeout mechanism to detect the absence of a leader. Finally, in the last step of the design processes may crash without giving any notification of other processes. The worst case message complexity of all protocols is addressed. A formal approach to the specification and verification of the leader election protocols is adopted. The requirements are specified in a property-oriented way and the protocols are denoted by means of extended finite state machines. It is proven using linear-time temporal logic that the fault-tolerant protocol satisfies its requirements.

    References

    [1]
    Abu-Amara HH Fault-tolerant distributed algorithm for election in complete networks IEEE Trans Comput 1988 37 449-453
    [2]
    Afek Y and Gafni E Time and message bounds for election in synchronous and asynchronous complete networks SIAM J Comput 1991 20 376-394
    [3]
    Attiya H van Leeuwen J Constructing efficient election algorithms from efficient traversal algorithms Distributed algorithms. Lect Notes Comput Sci 1987 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer 337-344
    [4]
    Attiya H, van Leeuwen J, Santoro N, and Zaks S Efficient elections in chordal ring networks Algorithmica 1989 4 437-446
    [5]
    Baeten JCM, Weijland WP: Process algebra. Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science, vol 18, Cambridge University Press 1990
    [6]
    von Bochmann G Finite state description of communication protocols Comput Networks 1978 2 361-372
    [7]
    Brunekreef JJ On modular algebraic protocol specification 1995 The Netherlands University of Amsterdam
    [8]
    Brunekreef JJ, Katoen J-P, Koymans RLC, and Mauw S Design and analysis of dynamic leader election protocols in broadcast networks 1993 The Netherlands Department of Computer Science, University of Twente
    [9]
    Brunekreef JJ, Katoen J-P, Koymans RLC, and Mauw S Ponse A, Verhoef C, and van Vlijmen SFM Algebraic specification of dynamic leader election protocols in broadcast networks Algebra of communicating processes. Workshops in Computing 1994 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer 338-357
    [10]
    Budkowski S and Dembinski P An introduction to Estelle: a specification language for distributed systems Comput Networks ISDN Syst 1987 14 3-23
    [11]
    Chang E and Roberts R An improved algorithm for decentralized extrema-finding in circular configurations of processors Commun ACM 1979 22 281-283
    [12]
    Dolev S Schiper A Optimal time self stabilization in dynamic systems Distributed algorithms. Lect Notes Comput Sci 1993 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer 160-173
    [13]
    Dolev S, Israeli A, Moran S, et al. Toueg S et al. Uniform dynamic self-stabilizing leader election Distributed algorithms. Lect Notes Comput Sci 1992 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer 167-180
    [14]
    Dolev D, Dwork C, and Stockmeyer L On the minimal synchronism needed for distributed consensus J ACM 1987 34 77-97
    [15]
    Dijkstra EW Self-stabilizing systems in spite of distributed control Commun ACM 1974 17 634-644
    [16]
    Fisher MJ Simons B and Spector A A theoretician’s view of fault-tolerant distributed computing Fault-tolerant distributed computing. Lect Notes Comput Sci 1991 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer 1-9
    [17]
    Gehani NH Broadcasting sequential processes IEEE Trans Softw Eng 1984 10 343-351
    [18]
    Gotzhein R Temporal logic and its applications — a tutorial Comput Networks ISDN Syst 1992 24 203-218
    [19]
    Gouda MG Protocol verification made simple: a tutorial Comput Networks ISDN Syst 1993 25 969-980
    [20]
    Gusella R, Zatti S: An election algorithm for a distributed clock synchronization program. In: Proc 6th IEEE Int Conf on Distributed Computing Systems (1986), pp 364–371
    [21]
    Hailpern BT and Owicki SS Modular verification of computer communication protocols IEEE Trans Commun 1983 31 56-68
    [22]
    Hoare CAR Communicating sequential processes 1985 Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall
    [23]
    Itai A, Kutten S, Wolfstahl Y, and Zaks S Optimal distributed r-resilient election in complete networks IEEE Trans Softw Eng 1990 16 415-420
    [24]
    King C-T, Gendreau TB, and Ni LM Reliable election in broadcast networks J Parallel Distrib Comput 1989 7 521-540
    [25]
    Korach E, Kutten S, and Moran S A modular technique for the design of efficient distributed leader finding algorithms ACM Trans Prog Lang Syst 1990 12 84-101
    [26]
    Korach E, Moran S, Zaks S: Tight lower and upper bounds for some distributed algorithms for a complete network of processors. In: Proc ACM Symp Principles Distributed Comput (1984), pp 199–207
    [27]
    Koymans RLC et al. Banieqbal B et al. Specifying message passing systems requires extending temporal logic Proc Colloquium on Temporal Logic and Specification. Lect Notes Comput Sci 1989 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer 213-223
    [28]
    Lamport L Specifying concurrent program modules ACM Trans Prog Lang Syst 1983 5 190-222
    [29]
    Larsen KG, Thomsen B: A modal process logic. In: Proc IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (1988), pp 203–210
    [30]
    van Leeuwen J and Tan RB An improved upperbound for distributed election in bidirectional rings of processors Distrib Comput 1987 2 149-160
    [31]
    LeLann G Gilchrist B Distributed systems — towards a formal approach Information Processing (vol. 77) (IFIP) 1977 Amsterdam North-Holland 155-160
    [32]
    Loui MC, Matsushita TA, and West DB Election in a complete network with a sense of direction Inf Process Lett 1986 22 185-187
    [33]
    Manna Z and Pnueli A The temporal logic of reactive and concurrent systems — Specification 1992 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer
    [34]
    Masuzawa T, Nishikawa N, Tokura K., and Hagihara N Bermond J-C and Raynal M Optimal fault-tolerant distributed algorithms for election in complete networks with a global sense of direction Distributed algorithms. Lect Notes Comput Sci 1989 Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer 171-182
    [35]
    Mauw S and Veltink G A process specification formalism Fund Inf 1990 VIII 85-139
    [36]
    Melliar-Smith PM, Moser LE, and Agrawala V Broadcast protocols for distributed systems IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 1990 1 17-25
    [37]
    Peterson GL An O(nlogn) unidirectional algorithm for the circular extrema problem ACM Trans Program Lang Syst 1982 4 758-762
    [38]
    Schneider M Self-stabilization ACM Comput Surv 1993 25 45-67
    [39]
    Schneider FB, Gries D, and Schlichting RD Fault-tolerant broadcasts Sci Comput Program 1984 4 1-16
    [40]
    Shasha DE, Pnueli A, Ewald W: Temporal verification of carrier-sense local area network protocols. In: Proc ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (1984), pp 54–65
    [41]
    Shrira L and Goldreich O Electing a leader in a ring with link failures Acta Inf 1989 24 79-91
    [42]
    Singh G: Efficient distributed algorithms for leader election in complete networks. In: Proc 11th IEEE Int Conf on Distributed Computing Systems (1991), pp 472–479

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2023)A Lightweight Leader Election Algorithm for IoT: Cloud Storage Use CaseProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Future Networks and Distributed Systems10.1145/3644713.3644740(212-216)Online publication date: 21-Dec-2023
    • (2022)Leader Election in Well-Connected GraphsAlgorithmica10.1007/s00453-022-01068-x85:4(1029-1066)Online publication date: 24-Nov-2022
    • (2021)Ambient self-powered cluster-based wireless sensor networks for industry 4.0 applicationsSoft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications10.1007/s00500-020-05259-y25:3(1859-1884)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2021
    • Show More Cited By

    Index Terms

    1. Design and analysis of dynamic leader election protocols in broadcast networks
            Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

            Recommendations

            Comments

            Information & Contributors

            Information

            Published In

            cover image Distributed Computing
            Distributed Computing  Volume 9, Issue 4
            Feb 1996
            45 pages

            Publisher

            Springer-Verlag

            Berlin, Heidelberg

            Publication History

            Published: 01 February 1996
            Accepted: 15 September 1995
            Received: 15 September 1993

            Author Tags

            1. Broadcast network
            2. Communication protocols
            3. Finite-state machines
            4. Leader election
            5. Message
            6. complexity
            7. Protocol design, specification, and verification
            8. Temporal logic

            Qualifiers

            • Research-article

            Contributors

            Other Metrics

            Bibliometrics & Citations

            Bibliometrics

            Article Metrics

            • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
            • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

            Other Metrics

            Citations

            Cited By

            View all
            • (2023)A Lightweight Leader Election Algorithm for IoT: Cloud Storage Use CaseProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Future Networks and Distributed Systems10.1145/3644713.3644740(212-216)Online publication date: 21-Dec-2023
            • (2022)Leader Election in Well-Connected GraphsAlgorithmica10.1007/s00453-022-01068-x85:4(1029-1066)Online publication date: 24-Nov-2022
            • (2021)Ambient self-powered cluster-based wireless sensor networks for industry 4.0 applicationsSoft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications10.1007/s00500-020-05259-y25:3(1859-1884)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2021
            • (2018)Leader Election in Well-Connected GraphsProceedings of the 2018 ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing10.1145/3212734.3212754(227-236)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2018
            • (2018)An election protocol based on group membership detection algorithm in mobile ad hoc distributed systemsThe Journal of Supercomputing10.1007/s11227-018-2258-074:5(2239-2253)Online publication date: 1-May-2018
            • (2018)Self-Stabilizing Leader Election in Dynamic NetworksTheory of Computing Systems10.1007/s00224-017-9758-962:5(977-1047)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2018
            • (2013)A leader election algorithm for dynamic networks with causal clocksDistributed Computing10.1007/s00446-013-0184-126:2(75-97)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2013
            • (2010)Leader election in anonymous radio networksProceedings of the 17th international conference on Analytical and stochastic modeling techniques and applications10.5555/1883941.1883964(247-261)Online publication date: 14-Jun-2010
            • (2010)Regional consecutive leader election in mobile ad-hoc networksProceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing10.1145/1860684.1860701(81-90)Online publication date: 16-Sep-2010
            • (2006)An efficient leader election protocol for mobile networksProceedings of the 2006 international conference on Wireless communications and mobile computing10.1145/1143549.1143775(1129-1134)Online publication date: 3-Jul-2006
            • Show More Cited By

            View Options

            View options

            Get Access

            Login options

            Media

            Figures

            Other

            Tables

            Share

            Share

            Share this Publication link

            Share on social media