A Cat-Shaped Patch Antenna for Future Super Wideband Wireless Microwave Applications

Compact super wideband (SWB) monopole antenna with a novel Cat-shaped patch is proposed and investigated for wireless applications in this article. The significant characteristics of the designed antenna are: (i) achieving super-wide bandwidth characteristics by emerging a traditional elliptical monopole antenna with triangular shapes to extend the impedance bandwidth of 28:1. (ii) Another essential characteristic of the designed structure is the high bandwidth dimension ratio (BDR) of about 4068 that is attained by increasing the electrical length of the patch. The physical dimension of the designed antenna is (25 × 30) mm². The designed antenna provides a range of operating bands from 2.43 to 70 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 187% and demonstrating S11 < − 10 dB in the simulation part. The monopole antenna is fabricated to obtain measured outcomes for validating the simulation results. There is good conformity between simulated and measured and outcomes. Measured frequency ranges of 2.36–67 GHz are obtained with a fractional bandwidth of 186%, S11 < − 10 dB, and BDR of 4068. Although the characteristic antenna can operate normally in the frequency range of 2.43–70 GHz, the experimental results can only measure up to 67 GHz because of the high-frequency limitation of the existing vector network analyzer (VNA). The model SWB antenna has the advantage of good gain, large bandwidth and small dimension on the pre-reported antenna structures. The Simulated realized gain of the design varies from 1.66 to 12.5 dBi, and a fluctuated gain of 1.03–12.19 dBi is achieved in the measured part from the minimum to maximum resonant frequencies. The time domain and frequency domain characterization was analyzed to reveal the suitability of the monopole antenna in SWB wireless applications. The presented antenna can be a good choice in wireless communication systems for these applications, which work with S, C, X, Ka, K, Ku, Q, and U band.