article

Formal models of appraisal: Theory, specification, and computational model

Authors:

Joost Broekens,

Walter A. KostersAuthors Info & Claims

Cognitive Systems Research, Volume 9, Issue 3

Pages 173 - 197

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2007.06.007

Published: 01 June 2008 Publication History

Abstract

Cognitive appraisal theories (CATs) explain human emotions as a result of the subjective evaluation of events that occur in the environment. Recently, arguments have been put forward that discuss the need for formal descriptions in order to further advance the field of cognitive appraisal theory. Formal descriptions can provide detailed predictions and help to integrate different CATs by providing clear identification of the differences and similarities between theories. A computational model of emotion that is based on a CAT also needs formal descriptions specifying the theory on which it is based. In this paper we propose a formal notation for the declarative semantics of the structure of appraisal. We claim that this formalism facilitates both integration of appraisal theories as well as the design and evaluation of computational models of emotion based on an appraisal theory. To support these claims we show how our formalism can be used in both ways: first we integrate two appraisal theories; second, we use this formal integrated model as basis for a computational model after identifying what declarative information is missing in the formal model. Finally, we embed the computational model in an emotional agent, and show how the formal specification helps to evaluate the computational model.

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Cited By

Rudrauf DSergeant-Perhtuis GTisserand YMonnor TDe Gevigney VBelli O(2023)Combining the Projective Consciousness Model and Virtual Humans for Immersive Psychological Research: A Proof-of-concept Simulating a ToM AssessmentACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems10.1145/358388613:2(1-31)Online publication date: 5-May-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3583886
Ong DSoh HZaki JGoodman N(2021)Applying Probabilistic Programming to Affective ComputingIEEE Transactions on Affective Computing10.1109/TAFFC.2019.290521112:2(306-317)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TAFFC.2019.2905211
Steephen JObbineni SKummetha SBapi R(2020)HED-ID: An Affective Adaptation Model Explaining the Intensity-Duration Relationship of EmotionIEEE Transactions on Affective Computing10.1109/TAFFC.2018.284865611:4(736-750)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TAFFC.2018.2848656
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cover image Cognitive Systems Research

Cognitive Systems Research Volume 9, Issue 3

June, 2008

76 pages

ISSN:1389-0417

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © Elsevier B.V. © 2007.

Publisher

Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.

Netherlands

Publication History

Published: 01 June 2008

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Cited By

Rudrauf DSergeant-Perhtuis GTisserand YMonnor TDe Gevigney VBelli O(2023)Combining the Projective Consciousness Model and Virtual Humans for Immersive Psychological Research: A Proof-of-concept Simulating a ToM AssessmentACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems10.1145/358388613:2(1-31)Online publication date: 5-May-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3583886
Ong DSoh HZaki JGoodman N(2021)Applying Probabilistic Programming to Affective ComputingIEEE Transactions on Affective Computing10.1109/TAFFC.2019.290521112:2(306-317)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TAFFC.2019.2905211
Steephen JObbineni SKummetha SBapi R(2020)HED-ID: An Affective Adaptation Model Explaining the Intensity-Duration Relationship of EmotionIEEE Transactions on Affective Computing10.1109/TAFFC.2018.284865611:4(736-750)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TAFFC.2018.2848656
Dudzik BHung HNeerincx MBroekens JAlameda-Pineda XRedi MSebe NChang SLuo J(2018)Artificial Empathic MemoryProceedings of the 2018 Workshop on Understanding Subjective Attributes of Data, with the Focus on Evoked Emotions10.1145/3267799.3267801(1-8)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2018
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3267799.3267801
Kadar MRestrepo EFerreira FCalado JArtifice ASarraipa JJardim-Goncalves R(2016)Affective Computing to Enhance Emotional Sustainability of Students in Dropout PreventionProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Software Development and Technologies for Enhancing Accessibility and Fighting Info-exclusion10.1145/3019943.3019956(85-91)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3019943.3019956
Kochanowicz JTan AThalmann DThalmann NGavrilova MKomura TCordier FThalmann D(2016)Modeling human-like non-rationality for social agentsProceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents10.1145/2915926.2915951(11-20)Online publication date: 23-May-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2915926.2915951
Ochs MSadek DPelachaud C(2012)A formal model of emotions for an empathic rational dialog agentAutonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems10.1007/s10458-010-9156-z24:3(410-440)Online publication date: 1-May-2012
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10458-010-9156-z
Hudlicka E(2011)Guidelines for Designing Computational Models of EmotionsInternational Journal of Synthetic Emotions10.4018/jse.20110101032:1(26-79)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2011
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/jse.2011010103
Broekens J(2010)Modeling the Experience of EmotionInternational Journal of Synthetic Emotions10.4018/jse.20101016011:1(1-17)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2010
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/jse.2010101601

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