Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
article

TV white spaces exploitation through a bicameral geo-location database

Published: 01 March 2013 Publication History

Abstract

The exploitation of TV white spaces can meet the increasing demand for spectrum resources and create opportunities for deploying a variety of wireless services in a flexible manner. However, uncertainties from technologies, business models and regulatory policies hinder the take-off of TV white spaces exploitation. This paper proposes a bicameral (or two-chambered) geo-location database, which allows/supports both free and paid access to the TV white spaces: i.e., one chamber supports free access through opportunistic or geo-location database access; and the other chamber supports paid usage through secondary spectrum trading. Consequently, four technological scenarios for the acquisition of TV white spaces emerge, namely: sensing only, joint sensing and geo-location database access, geo-location database access only, and broker based secondary spectrum trading. An analysis of these scenarios is performed based on a theoretical framework for emerging technology evaluation while considering technological, business models and regulatory dimensions. The analyses show that free and paid access to TV white space complement each other; and that despite considerable infrastructure costs, the bicameral geo-location database is positioned to create viable TV white spaces exploitation value chains; hence have the most optimal technological, business and regulatory prospects.

References

[1]
CRAHNS: Cognitive radio ad hoc networks. Ad Hoc Networks. v7. 810-836.
[2]
NeXt generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: a survey. Computer Networks. v50. 2127-2159.
[3]
Analysys Mason, H., & DotEcon, H. (2009). Exploiting the digital dividend' - a European approach. Report to the European Commission.
[4]
Bae, J., Beigman, E., Berry, R., Honig, M., Shen, H., Vohra, R., & Zhou, H. (2008). Spectrum markets for wireless services. In Third IEEE symposium on new frontiers in dynamic spectrum access networks (DySPAN ) 2008 (pp. 1-10).
[5]
Flexible spectrum and future business models for the mobile industry. Telematics and Informatics. v26. 249-258.
[6]
Emerging technology-evaluation methodology: With application to micro-electromechanical systems. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management. v40. 114-123.
[7]
Bentz, N., Delgado, V., Jain, D., Kakodkar, V.,& Salomon, E. (2011). White spaces: An overview of white spaces over the next 3-5 years, evaluating potential applications from a technology, regulatory and business perspective. Prepared for the Wharton Spring 2011 Enabling Technologies Seminar.
[8]
Spectrum markets: motivation, challenges, and implications. . IEEE Communications Magazine. v48. 146-155.
[9]
Macroeconomics: imperfections institutions and policies. . Oxford University Press.
[10]
Casey, T. (2009). Analysis of radio spectrum market evolution possibilities. Communications & Strategies, 3 Quarter, 109-130.
[11]
Essentials of Modern Spectrum Management. Cambridge University Press.
[12]
Cave, M., & Webb, W. (2011). The unfinished story of usage rights for spectrum. In DySPAN '11: IEEE symposium on new frontiers in dynamic spectrum access networks (pp. 41-46).
[13]
COGNITIVE RADIOS FOR DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS - the path to market success for dynamic spectrum access technology. IEEE Communications Magazine. v45. 96-103.
[14]
Time-limited leases in radio systems. IEEE Communications Magazine. v45. 76-82.
[15]
The federal communications commission. Journal of Law and Economics. v2. 1-40.
[16]
Regulation and productivity performance. Oxford Review of Economic Policy. v22. 186-202.
[17]
Dahlman, E., Parkvall, S., Sköld, J., & Beming, P. (2009). 3G evolution: HSPA and LTE for mobile broadband (2nd ed.). Elservier Academic Press.
[18]
Deb, S., Srinivasan, V., & Maheshwari, R. (2009). Dynamic spectrum access in DTV whitespaces: Design rules, architecture and algorithms. In MobiCom '09: Proceedings of the 15th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking (pp. 1-12).
[19]
DG INFSO (2006). Mandate to CEPT to develop least restrictive technical conditions for frequency bands addressed in the context of WAPECS.
[20]
ECC REPORT 159 (2011). Technical and operational requirements for the possible operation of cognitive radio systems in the white spaces of the frequency band 470-790MHz. CEPT.
[21]
ECC REPORT 169 (2011). Description of practices relative to trading of spectrum rights of use. CEPT.
[22]
FCC (2010). Second memorandum opinion and order.
[23]
Coexistence challenges for heterogeneous cognitive wireless networks in TV white spaces. IEEE Wireless Communications. v18. 22-31.
[24]
Hwang, J., & Yoon, H. (2008). Dynamic spectrum management policy for cognitive radio: An analysis of implementation feasibility issues. In DySPAN '08: 3rd IEEE symposium on new frontiers in dynamic spectrum access networks (pp. 1-9).
[25]
A mixed spectrum management framework for the future wireless service based on techno-economic analysis: The Korean spectrum policy study. Telecommunications Policy. v33. 407-421.
[26]
IEEE 1900.1 (2008). IEEE standard definitions and concepts for dynamic spectrum access: Terminology relating to emerging wireless networks, system functionality, and spectrum management. IEEE Std 1900.1-2008 (pp. c1-48).
[27]
Karimi, H.R. (2011). Geolocation databases for white space devices in the UHF TV bands: Specification of maximum permitted emission levels. In DySPAN '11: IEEE international symposium on new frontiers in dynamic spectrum access networks (pp. 443-454).
[28]
Analysis of QoS provisioning in cognitive radio networks: A case study. Wireless Personal Communications. v57. 53-71.
[29]
Marcus, J.S., Nett, L., Scanlan, M., Stumpf, U., Cave, M., & Pogorel, G.(2005). Toward more flexible spectrum regulation. Wik-Consult Study for the Federal Network Agency.
[30]
Mastroeni, L., & Naldi, M. (2010). Spectrum trading: An abstracted bibliography. CoRR, abs/1003.2554.
[31]
Cognitive radio architecture evolution. Proceedings of the IEEE. v97. 626-641.
[32]
Mueck, M., Haustein, T., & Bender, P.(2011). Digital and dynamic certification in the framework of the novel revised R&TTE directive in Europe. In CROWNCOM '11: 6th international conference on cognitive radio oriented wireless networks and communications (pp. 1-5).
[33]
Mwangoka, J., Marques, P., & Rodriguez, J. (2011). Exploiting TV white spaces in Europe: The COGEU approach. In DySPAN '11: IEEE symposium on new frontiers in dynamic spectrum access networks (pp. 608-612).
[34]
Mwangoka, J.W., Marques, P., & Rodriguez, J. (2010). Cognitive mobility management in heterogeneous networks. In MobiWAC'10: Proceedings of the8th ACM International symposium on mobility management and wireless access (pp. 37-44).
[35]
Nolan, K., Mullany, F., Ambrose, E., & Doyle, L. (2007). Value creation and migration in adaptive cognitive and radio systems. In H. Arslan (Ed.), Cognitive radio, software defined radio, and adaptive wireless systems (pp. 145-159). Springer (chapter 5).
[36]
OFCOM (2010a). Implementing geo-location.
[37]
OFCOM (2010b). SRSP: The revised framework for spectrum pricing - proposals following a review of our policy and practice of settling spectrum fees. OFCOM.
[38]
Parkvall, S., Dahlman, E., Furuskar, A., Jading, Y., Olsson, M., Wanstedt, S., et al. (2008). LTE-advanced - evolving LTE towards IMT-advanced. In VTC'08-Fall: IEEE68th vehicular technology conference (pp. 1-5).
[39]
Sharing spectrum through spectrum policy reform and cognitive radio. Proceedings of the IEEE. v97. 708-719.
[40]
Pogorel, G. (2007). Nine regimes of radio spectrum management: A 4-step decision guide. Communications & Strategies, 1st Quarter, 169-193.
[41]
RSPG (2005). Opinion on wireless access policy for electronic communications services (WAPECS) (a more flexible spectrum management approach). RSPG 05-102 FINAL.
[42]
RSPG (2011). Report on CUS(collective use of spectrum) and other sharing approaches. RSPG 11-392 DRAFT.
[43]
R&TTE DIRECTIVE (1999). On radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of conformity.
[44]
Information rules: A strategic guide to the network economy. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA, USA.
[45]
Stavrou, S., & Saunders, S. (2003). Factors influencing outdoor to indoor radio wave propagation. In ICAP'03: 12th international conference on antennas and propagation (Vol. 2, pp. 581-585).
[46]
Struzak, R. (2007). Interference & co-existence. ICTP-ITU School on Wireless Networking for Development, The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics ICTP.
[47]
Technical regulation conformity evaluation system for software defined radio. IEICE Transactions on Communications. vE86-B. 3392-3400.
[48]
Weiss, M.B.H., Delaere, S., & Lehr, W.H. (2010). Sensing as a service: An exploration into practical implementations of DSA. In DySPAN'10: IEEE international symposium on new frontiers in dynamic spectrum access networks (pp. 1-8).
[49]
The picturephone is here. Really. IEEE Spectrum. v48. 50-54.
[50]
Policy issues in spectrum trading. INFO. v8. 34-61.
[51]
Xiaolingtong versus 3G in China: Which will be the winner?. Telecommunications Policy. v30. 297-313.

Cited By

View all
  1. TV white spaces exploitation through a bicameral geo-location database

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image Telecommunications Policy
    Telecommunications Policy  Volume 37, Issue 2-3
    March, 2013
    159 pages

    Publisher

    Pergamon Press, Inc.

    United States

    Publication History

    Published: 01 March 2013

    Author Tags

    1. Bicameral geo-location database
    2. Business model
    3. Regulatory policies
    4. Spectrum broker
    5. TV white spaces

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 08 Feb 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all

    View Options

    View options

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media