Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
research-article

Performance of Hierarchical Processor Scheduling in Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Systems

Published: 01 November 1999 Publication History

Abstract

Processor scheduling policies for multiprocessor systems can be broadly divided into space-sharing and time-sharing policies. Space-sharing policies divide the system processors into a number of partitions and each partition is exclusively allocated to a single job. In time-sharing policies, processors are temporally shared by jobs. Several space-sharing and time-sharing policies have been proposed for small-scale shared-memory systems and require a central run queue and/or central scheduler. The central queue/scheduler poses serious scalability problems for large-scale multiprocessor systems. Furthermore, space-sharing and time-sharing policies have their advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we propose a new multiprocessor scheduling policy that eliminates contention for the central queue/scheduler. Our hierarchical scheduling policy (HSP) is a self-scheduling policy and uses a hierarchical run queue organization to facilitate processor allocation to jobs. We show that the HSP policy is considerably better than purely space-sharing and purely time-sharing policies over a wide range of system and workload parameters of interest.

References

[1]
J. Abawajy and S. Dandamudi, “Parallel Application Scheduling on Networks of Workstations,” technical report, School of Computer Science, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, Canada, 1998.
[2]
S.L. Au and S.P. Dandamudi, “The Impact of Program Structure on the Performance of Scheduling Policies in Multiprocessor Systems,” Int'l J. Computers and Their Applications, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 17-30, Apr. 1996.
[3]
S. Ayachi, “A Hierarchical Processor Scheduling Policy for NUMA Systems,” master's thesis, School of Computer Science, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, Canada, 1995.
[4]
S. Chiang R.K. Mansharamani and M.K. Vernon, “Use of Application Characteristics and Limited Preemption for Run-to-Completion Parallel Processor Scheduling Policies,” Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS Conf., pp. 33-44, 1994.
[5]
S. Dandamudi and T.K. Thyagaraj, “A Hierarchical Scheduling Policy for Distributed-Memory Multicomputer Systems,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. High Performance Computing, Bangalore, India, pp. 218-223, Dec. 1997.
[6]
S.P. Dandamudi and S.P. Cheng, “A Hierarchical Task Queue Organization for Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Systems,” IEEE Trans. Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-16, Jan. 1995.
[7]
L. Dowdy, “On the Partitioning of Multiprocessor Systems,” technical report, Vanderbilt Univ., July 1988.
[8]
D.G. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, “Distributed Hierarchical Control for Parallel Processing,” Computer, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 65-77, May 1990.
[9]
D.G. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, “Toward Convergence in Job Schedulers for Parallel Supercomputers,” Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, D. Feitelson, and L. Rudolph, eds., pp. 1-26, 1996.
[10]
D.G. Feitelson L. Rudolph U. Schwiegelshohn K.C. Sevcik and P. Wong, “Theory and Practice in Parallel Job Scheduling,” Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, D. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, eds., pp. 1-34, 1997.
[11]
D.G. Feitelson and B. Nitzberg, “Job Characteristics of a Production Parallel Scientific Workload on the NASA Ames iPSC/860,” Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, D.G. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, eds., pp. 337-360, 1995.
[12]
D.G. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, “Parallel Job Scheduling: Issues and Approaches,” Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, D. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, eds., pp. 1-18, 1995.
[13]
S. Hotovy, “Workload Evolution on the Cornell Theory Center IBM SP2,” Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, D.G. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, eds., pp. 27-40, 1996.
[14]
J. Jann P. Pattnaik H. Wang J. Skovira and J. Riordan, “Modeling the Workload of MPPs,” Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, D.G. Feitelson and L. Rudolph, eds., 1997.
[15]
S.T. Leutenegger and M.K. Vernon, “The Performance of Multiprogrammed Multiprocessing Scheduling Policies,” Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS Conf., pp. 226-236, May 1990.
[16]
S. Majumdar D.L. Eager and R.B. Bunt, “Scheduling in Multiprogrammed Parallel Systems,” Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS Conf., pp. 104-113, May 1988.
[17]
C. McCann R. Vaswani and J. Zahorjan, “A Dynamic Processor Allocation Policy for Multiprogrammed Shared-Memory Multiprocessors,” ACM Trans. Computer Systems, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 146-178, May 1993.
[18]
J.M. Mellor-Crummey and M.L. Scott, “Algorithms for Scalable Synchronization on Shared-Memory Multiprocessors,” ACM Trans. Computer Systems, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 21-65, Feb. 1991.
[19]
J.K. Ousterhout, “Scheduling techniques for Concurrent Systems,” Proc. Third Int'l Conf. Distributed Computing Systems, pp. 22-30, Oct. 1982.
[20]
K.C. Sevcik, “Characterizations of Parallelism in Applications and Their Use in Scheduling,” Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS Conf., pp. 171-180, 1989.
[21]
K.C. Sevcik, “Application Scheduling and Processor Allocation in Multiprogrammed Parallel Processing Systems,” Performance Evaluation 19, pp. 107-140, 1994.
[22]
K.C. Sevcik and S. Zhou, “Performance Benefits and Limitations of Large NUMA Multiprocessors,” Performance Evaluation 20, pp. 185-205, 1994.
[23]
A. Tucker and A. Gupta, “Process Control and Scheduling Issues for Multiprogrammed Shared-Memory Multiprocessors,” Proc. ACM Symp. Operating System Principles, pp. 159-166, Dec. 1989.
[24]
B. Xie and S. Dandamudi, “Hierarchical Architecture for Parallel Query Processing on Networks of Workstatins,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. High Performance Computing, Chennai, India, Dec. 1998.
[25]
J. Zahorjan and C. McCann, “Processor Scheduling in Shared Memory Multiprocessors,” Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS Conf., pp. 214-225, May 1990.

Cited By

View all
  • (2006)Automatic Middleware Deployment Planning On ClustersInternational Journal of High Performance Computing Applications10.1177/109434200606840420:4(517-530)Online publication date: 1-Nov-2006
  • (2005)The design and implementation of LilyTask in shared memoryACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review10.1145/1075395.107540039:3(52-63)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005
  • (2004)Performance Evaluation of Task Pools Based on Hardware SynchronizationProceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing10.1109/SC.2004.38Online publication date: 6-Nov-2004
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image IEEE Transactions on Computers
IEEE Transactions on Computers  Volume 48, Issue 11
November 1999
144 pages
ISSN:0018-9340
Issue’s Table of Contents

Publisher

IEEE Computer Society

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 November 1999

Author Tags

  1. Hierarchical scheduling
  2. multiprocessor systems
  3. performance evaluation
  4. processor scheduling
  5. space-sharing
  6. time-sharing.

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 04 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2006)Automatic Middleware Deployment Planning On ClustersInternational Journal of High Performance Computing Applications10.1177/109434200606840420:4(517-530)Online publication date: 1-Nov-2006
  • (2005)The design and implementation of LilyTask in shared memoryACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review10.1145/1075395.107540039:3(52-63)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005
  • (2004)Performance Evaluation of Task Pools Based on Hardware SynchronizationProceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing10.1109/SC.2004.38Online publication date: 6-Nov-2004
  • (2004)Performance of adaptive space-sharing policies in dedicated heterogeneous cluster systemsFuture Generation Computer Systems10.1016/j.future.2004.02.00120:5(895-906)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2004
  • (2001)An Efficient Adaptive Scheduling Scheme for Distributed Memory MulticomputersIEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems10.1109/71.94074912:7(758-768)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2001

View Options

View options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media