Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
research-article

Some Relations Among Stochastic Finite State Networks Used in Automatic Speech Recognition

Published: 01 July 1990 Publication History

Abstract

In the literature on automatic speech recognition, the popular hidden Markov models (HMMs), left-to-right hidden Markov models (LRHMMs), Markov source models (MSMs), and stochastic regular grammars (SRGs) are often proposed as equivalent models. However, no formal relations seem to have been established among these models to date. A study of these relations within the framework of formal language theory is presented. The main conclusion is that not all of these models are equivalent, except certain types of hidden Markov models with observation probability distribution in the transitions, and stochastic regular grammar.

References

[1]
{1} L. Bahl, F. Jelinek, and R. Mercer, "A maximum likelihood approach to continuous speech recognition," IEEE Trans. Parrern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. PAMI-5, no. 2, pp. 179-190, 1983.
[2]
{2} F. Jelinek, "Continuous speech recognition by statistical methods," Proc. IEEE, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 532-556, 1976.
[3]
{3} L. Rabiner and B. Juang, "Introduction to hidden Markov models," IEEE ASSP Mag., pp. 4-16, Jan. 1986.
[4]
{4} J. Baker, "The Dragon system-An overview," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-23, no. 1, pp. 24-29, 1975.
[5]
{5} L. Rabiner, S. Levinson, and M. Sondhi, "On the application of vector quantification and HMM's to speaker independent, isolated word recognition," Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 1075-1105, 1983.
[6]
{6} S. Levinson, L. Rabiner, and M. Sondhi, "An introduction to the application of the theory of probabilistic functions of a Markov process to automatic speech recognition," Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 1035-1074, 1983.
[7]
{7} S. Levinson, "Structural methods in automatic speech recognition," Proc. IEEE, vol. 73, no. 11, pp. 1625-1650, 1985.
[8]
{8} L. Rabiner, "Mathematical foundations of hidden Markov models," in Recent Advances in Automatic Speech Understanding and Dialog, H. Niemann, Ed. (NATO ASI Series). New York: Springer, 1988.
[9]
{9} A. Salomaa, Formal Languages. New York: Academic, 1973.
[10]
{10} R. Kashyap, "Syntactic decision rules for recognition of spoken words and phrases using stochastic automaton," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. PAMI-1, no. 2, pp. 154-163, 1979.
[11]
{11} R. Schwarth et al., "Acoustic-phonetic decoding of speech," in Recent Advances in Speech Understanding and Dialog Systems, H. Niemann, Ed. New York: Springer, 1988.
[12]
{12} H. Cerf-Danon et al., "Speech recognition experiments with 10000 word dictionary, " in Pattern Recognition and Applications, P. Devijver and J. Kittler, Eds. New York: Springer, 1987.
[13]
{13} K. Fu, Syntactic Pattern Recognition and Applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1982.
[14]
{14} R. Gonzalez and M. Thomason, Syntactic Pattern Recognition: An Introduction. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1978.
[15]
{15} L. Miclet, Structural Methods in Pattern Recognition. North Oxford Academic, 1986.
[16]
{16} N. Abramson, Information Theory and Coding. New York: MCGraw-Hill, 1966.
[17]
{17} C. Wetherell, "Probabilistic languages: A review and some open questions," Comput. Surveys, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 361-379, 1980.
[18]
{18} H. Rulot and E. Vidal, "An efficient algorithm for the inference of circuit-free automata, " in Proc. NATO Advanced Research Workshop Syntactic Pattern Recognition, Ferrate et al., Eds. New York: Springer, 1988.
[19]
{19} S. Levinson, "A unified theory of composite pattern analysis for automatic speech recognition," in Computer Speech Processing, F. Fallside and W. Woods, Eds. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1985.
[20]
{20} S. Levinson, "Some experiments with a linguistic processor for continuous speech recognition," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing , vol. ASSP-31, no. 6, pp. 1549-1556, 1983.
[21]
{21} A. Derouault and B. Merialdo, "Natural language modeling for phoneme to text transcription," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. , vol. PAMI-8, no. 6, pp. 742-749, 1986.
[22]
{22} S. Nakagawa and M. Jilan, "Syllable-based connected spoken word recognition by two pass O(n) DP matching and hidden Markov model, " in Proc. ICASSP86, 1986, pp. 21.14.1-21.14.4.
[23]
{23} B. Merialdo, "Phonetic recognition using HMM's and maximum mutual information training, " in Proc. ICASSP88, 1988, pp. 111-114.
[24]
{24} P. F. Brown, "The acoustic-modeling problem in automatic speech recognition," IBM Res. Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, Res. Rep. RC-12750, May 1987.
[25]
{25} E. S. Santos, "Realizations of fuzzy languages by probabilistic maxproduct and max-min automata," Inform. Sci., vol. 8, pp. 39-53, 1975.
[26]
{26} K. F. Lee, "Large-vocabulary speaker-independent continuous speech recognition: The SPHNIX systems," Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Tech. Rep. CMU-CS-88-148, 1988.

Cited By

View all
  • (2005)Probabilistic Finite-State Machines-Part IIIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence10.1109/TPAMI.2005.14827:7(1026-1039)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005
  • (2005)Probabilistic Finite-State Machines-Part IIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence10.1109/TPAMI.2005.14727:7(1013-1025)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005
  • (2005)A bibliographical study of grammatical inferencePattern Recognition10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.00338:9(1332-1348)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2005
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence  Volume 12, Issue 7
July 1990
116 pages

Publisher

IEEE Computer Society

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 July 1990

Author Tags

  1. Markov processes
  2. automatic speech recognition
  3. formal language theory
  4. formal languages
  5. grammars
  6. hidden Markov models
  7. observation probability distribution
  8. speech recognition
  9. stochastic finite state networks
  10. stochastic processes
  11. stochastic regular grammar

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 03 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2005)Probabilistic Finite-State Machines-Part IIIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence10.1109/TPAMI.2005.14827:7(1026-1039)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005
  • (2005)Probabilistic Finite-State Machines-Part IIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence10.1109/TPAMI.2005.14727:7(1013-1025)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2005
  • (2005)A bibliographical study of grammatical inferencePattern Recognition10.1016/j.patcog.2005.01.00338:9(1332-1348)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2005
  • (2005)Links between probabilistic automata and hidden Markov modelsPattern Recognition10.1016/j.patcog.2004.03.02038:9(1349-1371)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2005
  • (2005)Clustering gene expression series with prior knowledgeProceedings of the 5th International conference on Algorithms in Bioinformatics10.1007/11557067_3(27-38)Online publication date: 3-Oct-2005
  • (2003)Residual languages and probabilistic automataProceedings of the 30th international conference on Automata, languages and programming10.5555/1759210.1759256(452-463)Online publication date: 30-Jun-2003
  • (2001)Hidden Markov Models with Patterns to Learn Boolean Vector Sequences and Application to the Built-In Self-Test for Integrated CircuitsIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence10.1109/34.95511223:9(997-1008)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2001
  • (2001)Some Statistical-Estimation Methods for Stochastic Finite-State TransducersMachine Language10.1023/A:101088011395644:1-2(121-141)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2001

View Options

View options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media