research-article

Do I Belong? Modeling Sense of Virtual Community Among Linux Kernel Contributors

Authors:

Bianca Trinkenreich,

Klaas-Jan Stol,

Daniel M. German,

Marco A. Gerosa,

Igor SteinmacherAuthors Info & Claims

ICSE '23: Proceedings of the 45th International Conference on Software Engineering

Pages 319 - 331

https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSE48619.2023.00038

Published: 26 July 2023 Publication History

Abstract

The sense of belonging to a community is a basic human need that impacts an individual's behavior, long-term engagement, and job satisfaction, as revealed by research in disciplines such as psychology, healthcare, and education. Despite much research on how to retain developers in Open Source Software (OSS) projects and other virtual, peer-production communities, there is a paucity of research investigating what might contribute to a sense of belonging in these communities. To that end, we develop a theoretical model that seeks to understand the link between OSS developer motives and a Sense of Virtual Community (SVC). We test the model with a dataset collected in the Linux Kernel developer community (N=225), using structural equation modeling techniques. Our results for this case study show that intrinsic motivations (social or hedonic motives) are positively associated with a sense of virtual community, but living in an authoritative country and being paid to contribute can reduce the sense of virtual community. Based on these results, we offer suggestions for open source projects to foster a sense of virtual community, with a view to retaining contributors and improving projects' sustainability.

References

[1]

J. Roberts, I.-H. Hann, and S. Slaughter, "Understanding the motivations, participation, and performance of open source software developers: A longitudinal study of the apache projects," Manage Sci, vol. 52, 2006.

[2]

A. Barcomb, K.-J. Stol, D. Riehle, and B. Fitzgerald, "Why do episodic volunteers stay in floss communities?" in 41st International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). IEEE, 2019, pp. 948--959.

[3]

B. M. Hagerty, J. Lynch-Sauer, K. L. Patusky, M. Bouwsema, and P. Collier, "Sense of belonging: A vital mental health concept," Archives of psychiatric nursing, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 172--177, 1992.

[4]

R. F. Baumeister and M. R. Leary, "The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation," in Interpersonal development, R. Zukauskiene, Ed. Routledge, 2017.

[5]

A. Maslow, "A theory of human motivation." Psychol Rev, vol. 50, no. 4, 1943.

[6]

B. M. Hagerty and K. Patusky, "Developing a measure of sense of belonging," Nursing research, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 9--13, 1995.

[7]

K.-A. Allen, "Making sense of belonging," InPsych, vol. 41, 2019.

[8]

L. Espinosa, "Pipelines and pathways: Women of color in undergraduate stem majors and the college experiences that contribute to persistence," Harvard Educational Review, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 209--241, 2011.

[9]

L. Happe and B. Buhnova, "Frustrations steering women away from software engineering," IEEE Software, vol. 39, no. 4, 2021.

[10]

S. M. Burroughs and L. T. Eby, "Psychological sense of community at work: A measurement system and explanatory framework," Am J Community Psychol, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 509--532, 1998.

[11]

A. L. Blanchard, "Developing a sense of virtual community measure," CyberPsychology & Behavior, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 827--830, 2007.

[12]

D. W. McMillan and D. M. Chavis, "Sense of community: A definition and theory," J Community Psychol, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 6--23, 1986.

[13]

J. Koh, Y.-G. Kim, and Y.-G. Kim, "Sense of virtual community: A conceptual framework and empirical validation," International journal of electronic commerce, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 75--94, 2003.

[14]

A. L. Blanchard, "Testing a model of sense of virtual community," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 2107--2123, 2008.

Digital Library

[15]

L. Tonteri, M. Kosonen, H.-K. Ellonen, and A. Tarkiainen, "Antecedents of an experienced sense of virtual community," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 2215--2223, 2011.

Digital Library

[16]

J. Kim, H.-M. Kim, and M. Kim, "The impact of a sense of virtual community on online community: does online privacy concern matter?" Internet Research, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 519--539, 2020.

[17]

G. Von Krogh, S. Haefliger, S. Spaeth, and M. W. Wallin, "Carrots and rainbows: Motivation and social practice in open source software development," MISQ, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 649--676, 2012.

[18]

A. Hars and S. Ou, "Working for free motivations of participating in open source software projects," in Proc. HICSS, 2004, pp. 25--31.

[19]

R. Ghosh, R. Glott, B. Krieger, and G. Robles, "Free/libre and open source software: Survey and study," 2002.

[20]

K. Lakhani and R. Wolf, "Why hackers do what they do: Understanding motivation and effort in free/open source software projects," Open Source Software Projects, 2003.

[21]

G. Hertel, S. Niedner, and S. Herrmann, "Motivation of software developers in open source projects an internet-based survey of contributors to the linux kernel," Res Policy, vol. 32, no. 7, 2003.

[22]

M. Gerosa, I. Wiese, B. Trinkenreich, G. Link, G. Robles, C. Treude, I. Steinmacher, and A. Sarma, "The shifting sands of motivation revisiting what drives contributors in open source," in ICSE, 2021.

[23]

K. Tamilmani, N. Rana, N. Prakasam, and Y. Dwivedi, "The battle of brain vs. heart: A literature review and meta-analysis of "hedonic motivation" use in utaut2," Int J Inf Manage, vol. 46, 2019.

Digital Library

[24]

C. G. McClintock, "Social motivation---a set of propositions," Behav. Sci., vol. 17, no. 5, 1972.

[25]

J. Gusfield, Community: A critical response. Harper & Row New York, 1975.

[26]

M. R. Martínez-Torres and M. C. Díaz-Fernández, "Current issues and research trends on open-source software communities," Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 55--68, 2014.

[27]

H. Rheingold, The virtual community, revised edition: Homesteading on the electronic frontier. MIT press, 2000.

[28]

H. H. Chang, P.-H. Hsieh, and C. S. Fu, "The mediating role of sense of virtual community," Online Information Review, 2016.

[29]

R. Brown and S. Pehrson, Group processes: Dynamics within and between groups. John Wiley & Sons, 2019.

[30]

J. Sutanto, A. Kankanhalli, and B. C. Y. Tan, "Eliciting a sense of virtual community among knowledge contributors," ACM Trans Manag Inf Syst, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1--17, 2011.

Digital Library

[31]

A. L. Blanchard and M. L. Markus, "Sense of virtual community maintaining the experience of belonging," in Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2002, pp. 3566--3575.

[32]

L. Zhao, Y. Lu, B. Wang, P. Y. Chau, and L. Zhang, "Cultivating the sense of belonging and motivating user participation in virtual communities: A social capital perspective," International Journal of Information Management, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 574--588, 2012.

[33]

A. Blanchard, D. A. Askay, and K. A. Frear, "Sense of community in professional virtual communities," in Virtual communities: Concepts, methodologies, tools and applications. IGI Global, 2011.

[34]

G.-L. Chen, S.-C. Yang, and S.-M. Tang, "Sense of virtual community and knowledge contribution in a P3 virtual community: Motivation and experience," Internet Research, vol. 23, no. 1, 2013.

[35]

I. Steinmacher, T. U. Conte, C. Treude, and M. A. Gerosa, "Overcoming open source project entry barriers with a portal for newcomers," in Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Software Engineering, 2016, pp. 273--284.

[36]

A. C. C. França, T. B. Gouveia, P. C. Santos, C. A. Santana, and F. Q. da Silva, "Motivation in software engineering: A systematic review update," in EASE 2011. IET, 2011, pp. 154--163.

[37]

B. S. Frey, "On the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic work motivation," Int J Ind Organ, vol. 4, no. 15, pp. 427--439, 1997.

[38]

M. O'Neil, X. Cai, L. Muselli, F. Pailler, and S. Zacchiroli, The coproduction of open source software by volunteers and big tech firms. News and Media Research Centre (UC), 2021.

[39]

M. Schaarschmidt and K.-J. Stol, "Company soldiers and gone-natives: role conflict and career ambition among firm-employed open source developers," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems. Association for Information Systems, 2018.

[40]

R. Ryan and E. Deci, "Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being." Am. Psychol., vol. 55, no. 1, p. 68, 2000.

[41]

I. Steinmacher, M. A. Gerosa, and D. Redmiles, "Attracting, onboarding, and retaining newcomer developers in open source software projects," in Workshop on GSD in a CSCW Perspective, 2014.

[42]

R. Kaur and K. Chahal, "Exploring factors affecting developer abandonment of open source software projects," J. softw.: Evol. Process, vol. 34, no. 9, 2022.

[43]

F. Calefato, M. Gerosa, G. Iaffaldano, F. Lanubile, and I. Steinmacher, "Will you come back to contribute? investigating the inactivity of oss core developers in github," Empir Softw Eng, vol. 27, no. 3, 2022.

[44]

K.-A. Allen, The Psychology of Belonging. Routledge, 2020.

[45]

C. Goodenow and K. E. Grady, "The relationship of school belonging and friends' values to academic motivation among urban adolescent students," The Journal of Experimental Education, vol. 62, no. 1, 1993.

[46]

D. Solomon, M. Watson, V. Battistich, E. Schaps, and K. Delucchi, "Creating classrooms that students experience as communities," Am J Community Psychol, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 719--748, 1996.

[47]

R. Neel, D. T. Kenrick, A. E. White, and S. L. Neuberg, "Individual differences in fundamental social motives," J Pers Soc Psychol, vol. 110, no. 6, 2016.

[48]

E. Kim and M. Drumwright, "Engaging consumers and building relationships in social media: How social relatedness influences intrinsic vs. extrinsic consumer motivation," Comput. Hum. Behav., vol. 63, 2016.

Digital Library

[49]

K. Stewart and S. Gosain, "The impact of ideology on effectiveness in open source software development teams," MISQ, vol. 30, no. 2, 2006.

[50]

D. McGowan, "Legal implications of open-source software," U. Ill. L. Rev., 2001.

[51]

G. Lea, "MS' Ballmer: Linux is a communism," 2000, the Register. [Online]. Available: https://www.theregister.com/2000/07/31/ms_ballmer_linux_is_communism/

[52]

T. Greene, "Ballmer: 'Linux is a cancer'," 2001, the Register. [Online]. Available: https://www.theregister.com/2001/06/02/ballmer_linux_is_a_cancer/

[53]

R. Janoff-Bulman and N. C. Carnes, "The model of moral motives," The Guilford Press, p. 223, 2018.

[54]

H. Tajfel and J. C. Turner, "The social identity theory of intergroup behavior," in Polit Psychol. Psychology Press, 2004, pp. 276--293.

[55]

R. Gan, L. S. Neo, J. Chin, and M. Khader, "Change is the only constant: The evolving role of women in the islamic state in iraq and syria (isis)," Women & Criminal Justice, vol. 29, no. 4--5, pp. 204--220, 2019.

[56]

Y. Fang and D. Neufeld, "Understanding sustained participation in open source software projects," J Manag Inf Syst, vol. 25, no. 4, 2009.

Digital Library

[57]

E. L. Deci and R. M. Ryan, "Cognitive evaluation theory," in Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Springer, 1985.

[58]

G. Hofstede, Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. Sage publications, 2001.

[59]

G. Hofstede, "Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context," Online readings in psychology and culture, vol. 2, no. 1, 2011.

[60]

H. Fock, M. K. Hui, K. Au, and M. H. Bond, "Moderation effects of power distance on the relationship between types of empowerment and employee satisfaction," J Cross Cult Psychol, vol. 44, no. 2, 2013.

[61]

S. Auh, B. Menguc, S. Spyropoulou, and F. Wang, "Service employee burnout and engagement: the moderating role of power distance orientation," J. Acad. Mark. Sci., vol. 44, no. 6, 2016.

[62]

K. Cortina, S. Arel, and J. Smith-Darden, "School belonging in different cultures: The effects of individualism and power distance," in Frontiers in Education, vol. 2, 2017.

[63]

A. Ardichvili, "Learning and knowledge sharing in virtual communities of practice: Motivators, barriers, and enablers," Adv Dev Hum Resour, vol. 10, no. 4, 2008.

[64]

J. Taylor and R. Dantu, "For love or money? examining reasons behind oss developers' contributions," Inform Sys Manage, vol. 39, no. 2, 2022.

[65]

B. Trinkenreich, M. Guizani, I. Wiese, A. Sarma, and I. Steinmacher, "Hidden figures: Roles and pathways of successful oss contributors," Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 4, 2020.

[66]

J. Corbet, G. Kroah-Hartman, and A. McPherson, "Linux kernel development. how fast it is going, who is doing it, what they are doing, and who is sponsoring it," The Linux Foundation, 2012.

[67]

D. Riehle, P. Riemer, C. Kolassa, and M. Schmidt, "Paid vs. volunteer work in open source," in HICSS, 2014, pp. 3286--3295.

[68]

D. Homscheid, J. Kunegis, and M. Schaarschmidt, "Private-collective innovation and open source software: Longitudinal insights from linux kernel development," in Conference on e-Business, e-Services and e-Society. Springer, 2015.

[69]

P. N. Sharma, S. L. Daniel, T. R. Chung, and V. Grover, "A motivation-hygiene model of open source software code contribution and growth," J Assoc Inform Sys, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 165--195, 2022.

[70]

J. Gerlach, C.-G. Wu, L. Cunningham, and C. Young, "An exploratory study of conflict over paying debian developers," Int. J. Open Source Softw. Process., vol. 7, no. 3, 2016.

Digital Library

[71]

D. Homscheid, "The Linux Kernel project," in Firm-Sponsored Developers in Open Source Software Projects. Springer, 2020, pp. 83--91.

[72]

X. Tan, M. Zhou, and B. Fitzgerald, "Scaling open source communities: An empirical study of the linux kernel," in International Conference on Software Engineering. IEEE, 2020.

[73]

K. Stewart, S. Khan, D. M. German, and et al., "2020 Linux Kernel History Report," https://www.linuxfoundation.org/resources/publications/linux-kernel-history-report-2020.

[74]

C. Miller, S. Cohen, D. Klug, B. Vasilescu, and C. Kästner, "Did you miss my comment or what? understanding toxicity in open source discussions," in Int'l Conf. Software Engineering, 2022.

[75]

C. Ringle, D. Silva, and D. Bido, "Structural equation modeling with the smartPLS," Brazilian Journal Of Marketing, vol. 13, no. 2, 2015.

[76]

D. Russo and K.-J. Stol, "PLS-SEM for software engineering research: An introduction and survey," ACM Comput Surv, vol. 54, no. 4, 2021.

[77]

C.-W. Chen and C.-S. Lin, "Building a sense of virtual community: The role of the features of social networking sites," Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 460--465, 2014.

[78]

H.-K. Ellonen, M. Kosonen, A. Tarkiainen, and L. Tonteri, "The positive outcomes of a sense of virtual community," International Journal of Web Based Communities, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 465--482, 2013.

Digital Library

[79]

I. Steinmacher, S. Balali, B. Trinkenreich, M. Guizani, D. Izquierdo-Cortazar, G. Cuevas, M. Gerosa, and A. Sarma, "Being a mentor in open source projects," J Internet Serv Applic, vol. 12, no. 1, 2021.

[80]

Bitergia, "Gender-diversity analysis of the linux kernel technical contributions," https://blog.bitergia.com/2016/10/11/gender-diversity-analysis-of-the-linux-kernel-technical-contributions.

[81]

F. Zlotnick, "Github survey," http://opensourcesurvey.org/2017/, 2017.

[82]

"Replication package," https://figshare.com/s/5cedff387200ebc379cb.

[83]

B. Weijters and H. Baumgartner, "Misresponse to reversed and negated items in surveys a review," J Mark Res, vol. 49, no. 5, 2012.

[84]

H. Baumgartner and J.-B. Steenkamp, "Response styles in marketing research cross-national investigation," J Mark Res, vol. 38, no. 2, 2001.

[85]

P. Podsakoff, S. MacKenzie, and Jeong-Yeon, "Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies," J Appl Psychol, vol. 88, no. 5, 2003.

[86]

M. W. Van Someren, Y. F. Barnard, and J. A. Sandberg, "The think aloud method," London: AcademicPress, vol. 11, 1994.

[87]

W. L. Grichting, "The meaning of "i don't know" in opinion surveys: Indifference versus ignorance," Aust Psychol, vol. 29, no. 1, 1994.

[88]

P. Sturgis, C. Roberts, and P. Smith, "Middle alternatives revisited: How the neither/nor response acts as a way of saying "i don't know"?" Sociological Methods & Research, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 15--38, 2014.

[89]

M. Sarstedt, C. M. Ringle, and J. F. Hair, "Treating unobserved heterogeneity in PLS-SEM: A multi-method approach," in Partial least squares path modeling. Springer, 2017, pp. 197--217.

[90]

F. Faul, E. Erdfelder, A. Buchner, and A.-G. Lang, "Statistical power analyses using g* power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses," Behav Res Methods, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 1149--1160, 2009.

[91]

J. F. Hair, J. J. Risher, M. Sarstedt, and C. M. Ringle, "When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM," Eur. Bus. Rev., 2019.

[92]

M. Sarstedt and J.-H. Cheah, "Partial least squares structural equation modeling using smartPLS: a software review," 2019.

[93]

M. Bartlett, "Tests of significance in factor analysis." Br J Psychol, 1950.

[94]

J. F. Hair Jr, R. E. Anderson, R. L. Tatham, and W. C. Black, "Multivariate data analysis with readings," 1995.

Digital Library

[95]

N. Kock, "Advanced mediating effects tests, multi-group analyses, and measurement model assessments in PLS-based SEM," International Journal of e-Collaboration, vol. 10, no. 1, 2014.

Digital Library

[96]

J. Henseler, C. M. Ringle, and M. Sarstedt, "A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling," J. Acad. Mark. Sci., vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 115--135, 2015.

[97]

J. Henseler, C. M. Ringle, and R. R. Sinkovics, "The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing," in New challenges to international marketing. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2009.

[98]

M. Stone, "Cross-validatory choice and assessment of statistical predictions," J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol, vol. 36, 1974.

[99]

M. Tenenhaus, V. Vinzi, Y.-M. Chatelin, and C. Lauro, "Pls path modeling," Computational statistics data analysis, vol. 48, no. 1, 2005.

[100]

J. Henseler, T. K. Dijkstra, M. Sarstedt, C. M. Ringle, A. Diamantopoulos, D. W. Straub, D. J. Ketchen Jr, J. F. Hair, G. T. M. Hult, and R. J. Calantone, "Common beliefs and reality about pls: Comments on rönkkö and evermann," Organ Res Methods, vol. 17, no. 2, 2014.

[101]

J. Henseler, G. Hubona, and P. Ray, "Using pls path modeling in new technology research: updated guidelines," Ind. Manag. Data Syst., 2016.

[102]

J.-M. Becker, A. Rai, C. Ringle, and F. Völckner, "Discovering unobserved heterogeneity in structural equation models to avert validity threats," MIS Quarterly, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 665--694, 2013.

Digital Library

[103]

M. Sarstedt, J.-M. Becker, C. Ringle, and M. Schwaiger, "Uncovering and treating unobserved heterogeneity with fimix-pls: which model selection criterion provides an appropriate number of segments?" Schmalenbach Business Review, vol. 63, no. 1, 2011.

[104]

B. Trinkenreich, I. Wiese, A. Sarma, M. Gerosa, and I. Steinmacher, "Women's participation in open source software: A survey of the literature," ACM Trans Soft Eng Methodol, vol. 31, no. 4, 2022.

[105]

N. Raman, M. Cao, Y. Tsvetkov, C. Kästner, and B. Vasilescu, "Stress and burnout in open source: Toward finding, understanding, and mitigating unhealthy interactions," in ICSE, 2020.

Digital Library

[106]

S. Cohen, "Contextualizing toxicity in open source: a qualitative study," in Proc. 29th ESEC/FSE. ACM, 2021, pp. 1669--1671.

Digital Library

[107]

I. Steinmacher, M. A. G. Silva, and M. A. Gerosa, "Barriers faced by newcomers to open source projects: a systematic review," in International Conference on Open Source Systems. Springer, 2014.

[108]

J. Gibbs, H. Kim, and S. Ki, "Investigating the role of control and support mechanisms in members' sense of virtual community," Commun. Res., vol. 46, no. 1, 2019.

[109]

B. Xu and D. Li, "An empirical study of the motivations for content contribution and community participation in wikipedia," Information & management, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 275--286, 2015.

Digital Library

[110]

A. Blanchard and M. Markus, "The experienced" sense" of a virtual community: Characteristics and processes," ACM SIGMIS DATABASE, vol. 35, no. 1, 2004.

[111]

K.-J. Stol and B. Fitzgerald, "The ABC of software engineering research," ACM TOSEM, vol. 27, no. 3, 2018.

[112]

F. Shull, J. Singer, and D. I. Sjøberg, "Guide to advanced empirical software engineering," 2007.

Cited By

Trinkenreich BGerosa MSarma ASteinmacher I(2025)Guidelines for Cultivating a Sense of Belonging to Reduce Developer BurnoutIEEE Software10.1109/MS.2024.340436142:2(84-91)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MS.2024.3404361
Li XZhang YOsborne CZhou MJin ZLiu H(2024)Systematic Literature Review of Commercial Participation in Open Source SoftwareACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology10.1145/369063234:2(1-31)Online publication date: 30-Aug-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3690632

Recommendations

Eliciting a sense of virtual community among knowledge contributors

Member-initiated virtual communities for product knowledge sharing and commerce purposes are proliferating as useful alternatives to company information and commerce Web sites. Although such communities are easy to create with the availability of ...
Community Archetypes: An Empirical Framework for Guiding Research Methodologies to Reflect User Experiences of Sense of Virtual Community on Reddit
CSCW

Humans need a sense of community (SOC), and social media platforms afford opportunities to address this need by providing users with a sense of virtual community (SOVC). This paper explores SOVC on Reddit and is motivated by two goals: (1) providing ...
Sense of Virtual Community: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Validation

The sense of virtual community is a principal construct in virtual community research. Therefore understanding it in depth is important for studies of communities-of-practice, virtual collaboration, virtual organization, and other critical ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

ICSE '23: Proceedings of the 45th International Conference on Software Engineering

May 2023

2713 pages

ISBN:9781665457019

General Chair:
John Grundy
Department of Software Systems and Cybersecurity, Faculty of IT, Monash University, Australia
,
Program Co-chairs:
Lori Pollock
University of Delaware, DE, USA
,
Massimiliano Di Penta
University of Sannio, Italy

Sponsors

SIGSOFT: ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering

In-Cooperation

IEEE CS

Publisher

IEEE Press

Publication History

Published: 26 July 2023

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

ICSE '23

Sponsor:

SIGSOFT

ICSE '23: 45th International Conference on Software Engineering

May 14 - 20, 2023

Victoria, Melbourne, Australia

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 276 of 1,856 submissions, 15%

Upcoming Conference

ICSE 2025

2025 IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering

April 26 - May 3, 2025

Ottawa , ON , Canada

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

2
Total Citations
View Citations
63
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)21
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1

Reflects downloads up to 20 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Trinkenreich BGerosa MSarma ASteinmacher I(2025)Guidelines for Cultivating a Sense of Belonging to Reduce Developer BurnoutIEEE Software10.1109/MS.2024.340436142:2(84-91)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MS.2024.3404361
Li XZhang YOsborne CZhou MJin ZLiu H(2024)Systematic Literature Review of Commercial Participation in Open Source SoftwareACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology10.1145/369063234:2(1-31)Online publication date: 30-Aug-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3690632

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Table of Conten