Article

Fast median and bilateral filtering

Author:

Ben WeissAuthors Info & Claims

SIGGRAPH '06: ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers

Pages 519 - 526

https://doi.org/10.1145/1179352.1141918

Published: 01 July 2006 Publication History

Abstract

Median filtering is a cornerstone of modern image processing and is used extensively in smoothing and de-noising applications. The fastest commercial implementations (e.g. in Adobe® Photoshop® CS2) exhibit O(r) runtime in the radius of the filter, which limits their usefulness in realtime or resolution-independent contexts. We introduce a CPU-based, vectorizable O(log r) algorithm for median filtering, to our knowledge the most efficient yet developed. Our algorithm extends to images of any bit-depth, and can also be adapted to perform bilateral filtering. On 8-bit data our median filter outperforms Photoshop's implementation by up to a factor of fifty.

Supplementary Material

JPG File (p519-weiss-high.jpg)

Download
8.47 KB

JPG File (p519-weiss-low.jpg)

Download
6.87 KB

High Resolution (p519-weiss-high.mov)

Download
30.06 MB

Low Resolution (p519-weiss-low.mov)

Download
11.99 MB

References

[1]

Alparone, L., Cappellini, V., and Garzelli, A. 1994. A coarse-to-fine algorithm for fast median filtering of image data with a huge number of levels. Signal Processing, Vol. 39 No. 1-2, pp. 33--41.

[2]

Cooley, J. H. and Tukey, J. 1965. An Algorithm for the Machine Calculation of the Complex Fourier series. Mathematics of Computation, vol. 19, pp. 297--301.

[3]

Durand, F. and Dorsey, J. 2002. Fast Bilateral Filtering for the Display of High-Dynamic-Range Images. ACM SIGGRAPH 2002.

[4]

Heckbert, P. 1986. Filtering by Repeated Integration. ACM SIGGRAPH 1986.

Digital Library

[5]

Huang, T. S. 1981. Two-Dimensional Signal Processing II: Transforms and Median Filters. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 209--211.

[6]

Gil, J. and Werman, M. 1993. Computing 2-D Min, Median, and Max Filters. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 15 No. 5, pp. 504--507.

[7]

Kabir, I. 1996. High Performance Computer Imaging. Greenwich, CT. Manning Publications. pp. 181--192.

[8]

Paris, S. and Durand, F. 2006. A Fast Approximation of the Bilateral Filter using a Signal Processing Approach. ECCV 2006.

[9]

Pha, T. Q. and Vliet, L. J. V. 2005. Separable bilateral filtering for fast video preprocessing. IEEE Int. Conf. on Multimedia & Expo. CD1-4.

[10]

Ranka, S. and Sahni, S. 1989. Efficient Serial and Parallel Algorithms for Median Filtering. Proceeding 1989 International Conference on Parallel Processing, III-56--III-62.

[11]

Terdiman, P. 2000. Radix Sort Revisited. <http://www.codercorner.com/RadixSortRevisited.htm>

[12]

Tanimoto, S. L. 1995. Fast Median Filtering Algorithms for Mesh Computers. Pattern Recognition, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 1965--1972.

[13]

Tomasi, C. and Manduchi, R. 1998. Bilateral filtering for gray and color images. In Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Computer Vision, 836--846.

[14]

Tukey, J. W. 1977. Exploratory Data Analysis. Reading, MA. Addison-Wesley.

[15]

Weiss, B. 2006. Method and Apparatus for Processing Image Data. US Patent 7,010,163.

[16]

Wu, C. H. and Horng, S. J. 2003. Fast and Scalable Selection Algorithms with Applications to Median Filtering. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 983--992.

Cited By

Zhou FChen ZXie QKong FChen YWang H(2024)High-performance architecture for real-time high-definition short-wave infrared streaming video processing and its field programmable gate array prototypeOptical Engineering10.1117/1.OE.63.2.02310363:02Online publication date: 1-Feb-2024
https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.63.2.023103
Rasha Awad Abtan (2023)Image Enhancement using Adaptive Median FilterInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology10.32628/IJSRSET23102118(236-243)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRSET23102118
Chia HYang KHsieh C(2023)A Real-time System of Two-stage Track Component Classification based on YOLOX-nano and ResNet342023 International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-Taiwan)10.1109/ICCE-Taiwan58799.2023.10226879(177-178)Online publication date: 17-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Taiwan58799.2023.10226879
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Recommendations

Fast median and bilateral filtering

Median filtering is a cornerstone of modern image processing and is used extensively in smoothing and de-noising applications. The fastest commercial implementations (e.g. in Adobe® Photoshop® CS2) exhibit O(r) runtime in the radius of the filter, which ...
Constant Time Median and Bilateral Filtering

This paper formulates both the median filter and bilateral filter as a cost volume aggregation problem whose computational complexity is independent of the filter kernel size. Unlike most of the previous works, the proposed framework results in a ...
Fast median filtering algorithms for mesh computers

Two fast algorithms for median filtering of images using parallel computers having 2-D mesh interconnections are given. Both algorithms assume that an n x n image is loaded onto the mesh with one processing element per pixel. One algorithm performs ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

SIGGRAPH '06: ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers

July 2006

742 pages

ISBN:1595933646

DOI:10.1145/1179352

Conference Chair:
John Finnegan
Purdue University
,
Program Chair:
Julie Dorsey
Yale University

Copyright © 2006 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 July 2006

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

SIGGRAPH06

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH

SIGGRAPH06: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference

July 30 - August 3, 2006

Massachusetts, Boston

Acceptance Rates

SIGGRAPH '06 Paper Acceptance Rate 86 of 474 submissions, 18%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 1,822 of 8,601 submissions, 21%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

65
Total Citations
View Citations
4,529
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)36
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)2

Reflects downloads up to 04 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Zhou FChen ZXie QKong FChen YWang H(2024)High-performance architecture for real-time high-definition short-wave infrared streaming video processing and its field programmable gate array prototypeOptical Engineering10.1117/1.OE.63.2.02310363:02Online publication date: 1-Feb-2024
https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.63.2.023103
Rasha Awad Abtan (2023)Image Enhancement using Adaptive Median FilterInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology10.32628/IJSRSET23102118(236-243)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRSET23102118
Chia HYang KHsieh C(2023)A Real-time System of Two-stage Track Component Classification based on YOLOX-nano and ResNet342023 International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-Taiwan)10.1109/ICCE-Taiwan58799.2023.10226879(177-178)Online publication date: 17-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Taiwan58799.2023.10226879
Utama JZuhudi APrasetyo YRachman ASugeng Riadi ANandi Riza L(2023)Young lunar crescent detection based on video data with computer vision techniquesAstronomy and Computing10.1016/j.ascom.2023.10073144(100731)Online publication date: Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ascom.2023.100731
Moroto YUmetani N(2022)Constant Time Median Filter Using 2D Wavelet MatrixACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3550454.355551241:6(1-10)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3550454.3555512
Sherwin KWang KThiagaraj PStappers BSinnen O(2022)Median Filters on FPGAs for Infinite Data and Large, Rectangular WindowsACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems10.1145/353027315:4(1-24)Online publication date: 24-Nov-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3530273
Feng YDeng SYan XYang XWei MLiu L(2022)Easy2Hard: Learning to Solve the Intractables From a Synthetic Dataset for Structure-Preserving Image SmoothingIEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems10.1109/TNNLS.2021.308447333:12(7223-7236)Online publication date: Dec-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3084473
Liu DTian TZhao CSun LRen D(2022)The role of mineralogical stratifications in controlling brine flow behavior in shale at a pore-scale perspective based on integrated imaging and compositional methodsJournal of Petroleum Science and Engineering10.1016/j.petrol.2022.110409214(110409)Online publication date: Jul-2022
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2022.110409
Perrot GDomas SCouturier R(2022)How separable median filters can get better results than full 2D versionsThe Journal of Supercomputing10.1007/s11227-021-04233-178:7(10118-10148)Online publication date: 20-Jan-2022
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-021-04233-1
Lee KWee SJeong J(2021)Pre-Processing Filter Reflecting Human Visual Perception to Improve Saliency Detection PerformanceElectronics10.3390/electronics1023289210:23(2892)Online publication date: 23-Nov-2021
https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10232892
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents