article

PARAID: A gear-shifting power-aware RAID

Authors:

Charles Weddle,

An-I Andy Wang,

Geoff KuenningAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS), Volume 3, Issue 3

Pages 13 - es

https://doi.org/10.1145/1288783.1289721

Published: 01 October 2007 Publication History

Abstract

Reducing power consumption for server-class computers is important, since increased energy usage causes more heat dissipation, greater cooling requirements, reduced computational density, and higher operating costs. For a typical data center, storage accounts for 27% of energy consumption. Conventional server-class RAIDs cannot easily reduce power because loads are balanced to use all disks, even for light loads.

We have built the power-aware RAID (PARAID), which reduces energy use of commodity server-class disks without specialized hardware. PARAID uses a skewed striping pattern to adapt to the system load by varying the number of powered disks. By spinning disks down during light loads, PARAID can reduce power consumption, while still meeting performance demands, by matching the number of powered disks to the system load. Reliability is achieved by limiting disk power cycles and using different RAID encoding schemes. Based on our five-disk prototype, PARAID uses up to 34% less power than conventional RAIDs while achieving similar performance and reliability.

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Cited By

Xie DStavrinos TZhu KPeter SKasikci BAnderson T(2024)Can Storage Devices be Power Adaptive?Proceedings of the 16th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Storage and File Systems10.1145/3655038.3665945(47-54)Online publication date: 8-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3655038.3665945
Sajal SZhu TUrgaonkar BSen S(2024)TraceUpscaler: Upscaling Traces to Evaluate Systems at High LoadProceedings of the Nineteenth European Conference on Computer Systems10.1145/3627703.3629581(942-961)Online publication date: 22-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3627703.3629581
Li JDeng YFan ZZhong ZMin G(2024)Towards Energy-Efficient and Thermal-Aware Data Placement for Storage ClustersIEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing10.1109/TSUSC.2024.33516849:4(631-647)Online publication date: Jul-2024
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Index Terms

PARAID: A gear-shifting power-aware RAID
1. General and reference
  1. Cross-computing tools and techniques
    1. Measurement
2. Software and its engineering
  1. Software organization and properties
    1. Contextual software domains
      1. Operating systems
        Memory management
        Secondary storage

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Storage

ACM Transactions on Storage Volume 3, Issue 3

October 2007

183 pages

ISSN:1553-3077

EISSN:1553-3093

DOI:10.1145/1288783

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Copyright © 2007 ACM.

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 October 2007

Published in TOS Volume 3, Issue 3

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Cited By

Xie DStavrinos TZhu KPeter SKasikci BAnderson T(2024)Can Storage Devices be Power Adaptive?Proceedings of the 16th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Storage and File Systems10.1145/3655038.3665945(47-54)Online publication date: 8-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3655038.3665945
Sajal SZhu TUrgaonkar BSen S(2024)TraceUpscaler: Upscaling Traces to Evaluate Systems at High LoadProceedings of the Nineteenth European Conference on Computer Systems10.1145/3627703.3629581(942-961)Online publication date: 22-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3627703.3629581
Li JDeng YFan ZZhong ZMin G(2024)Towards Energy-Efficient and Thermal-Aware Data Placement for Storage ClustersIEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing10.1109/TSUSC.2024.33516849:4(631-647)Online publication date: Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TSUSC.2024.3351684
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