Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
article
Free access

Modeling waves and surf

Published: 31 August 1986 Publication History
  • Get Citation Alerts
  • Abstract

    Although modeling natural phenomena is recognized as one of the greatest challenges of computer graphics, relatively little time has been spent on modeling ocean waves. The model presented in this paper is suitable for the rendering and animation of waves approaching and breaking on a sloping beach. Waveforms consist of a phase function which correctly produces wave refraction and other depth effects, and a wave profile which changes according to wave steepness and water depth. Particle systems are used to model the spray produced by wave breaking and collisions with obstacles. A scanline algorithm for displaying the wave surface is presented, along with a method of integrating separately rendered particle systems with other surfaces. Hidden surface removal for both waves and particles is done using a novel variation of the A-buffer technique. Methods of implementing the model are presented and compared with previous rendering techniques.

    References

    [1]
    Bloomenthal, J. Modeling the mighty maple, Computer Graphics/9, 3 (Juty 1985), 305-311.
    [2]
    Carpenter, L. The A-buffer, an antialiased hidden surface method, Computer Graphics 18, 3 (July 1984), 103-108.
    [3]
    CatmuU, E. A Subdivision Algorithm for Computer Display of Curved Surfaces, University of Utah, December 1974.
    [4]
    Fishman, B. and Schachter, B. Computer display of height fields, Computers and Graphics 5 (1980), 53-60.
    [5]
    Fournier, A., Fussell, D., and Carpenter, L. Computer rendering of stochastic models, Commun. ACM 25, 6 (June 1982), 371-384.
    [6]
    Fournier, A. and Reeves, W. A simple model of ocean waves, Computer Graphics 20, 3 (August 1986).
    [7]
    Gardner, G. Visual simulation of clouds, Computer Graphics 19, 3 (July 1985), 297-303.
    [8]
    Lane, J. and Carpenter, L. A generalized scan line algorithm for the computer display of parametrically defined surfaces, Computer Graphics and Image Processing 11 (1979), 290-297.
    [9]
    Kinsman, B. Wind Waves: their generation and propagation on the ocean surface, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1965.
    [10]
    Max, N. Vectorized procedural models for natural terrain: waves and islands in the sunset, Computer Graphics 15, 3 (August 1981), 317-324.
    [11]
    Milne-Thomson, L. Theoretical Hydrodynamics, 5th edn., Macmillan & Co., London, 1968.
    [12]
    Norton, A., Rockwood, A., and Skolmoski, P. Clamping: a method of antialiasing textured surfaces by bandwidth limiting in object space, Computer Graphics 16, 3 (July 1982), 1-8.
    [13]
    Peachey, D. PORTRAY-an image synthesis system, Proc. Graphics Interface '86, Vancouver, May 1986.
    [14]
    Perlin, K. An image synthesizer, Computer Graphics 19, 3 (July 1985), 287-296.
    [15]
    Pethick, J. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology, Edward Arnold Ltd, London, 1984.
    [16]
    Porter, T. and Duff, T. Compositing digital images, Computer Graphics 18, 3 (July 1984), 253-259.
    [17]
    Reeves, W. Particle systems - a technique for modelling a class of fuzzy objects, Computer Graphics 17, 3 (July 1983), 359-376.
    [18]
    Reeves, W. and Blau, R. Approximate and probabilistic algorithms for shading and rendering structured particle systems, Computer Graphics 19, 3 (July 1985), 313-322.
    [19]
    Smith, A. Plants, fractals, and formal languages, Computer Graphics 18, 3 (July 1984), 1-10.
    [20]
    Stoker, J. Water Waves: The Mathematical Theory with Applications, lnterscience Publishers, New York, 1957.
    [21]
    Whitted, T. An improved illumination model for shaded display, Commun. ACM 23, 6 (june 1980), 343-349.
    [22]
    Whitted, T. The hacker's guide to making pretty pictures, SIGGRAPH '85 Course Notes: Image Rendering Tricks, July 1985.

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Dynamic ocean inverse modeling based on differentiable renderingComputational Visual Media10.1007/s41095-023-0338-410:2(279-294)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2024
    • (2023)Ship-to-ship maritime wireless channel modeling under various sea state conditions based on REL modelFrontiers in Marine Science10.3389/fmars.2023.113428610Online publication date: 24-Feb-2023
    • (2023)Elastically Deformable ModelsSeminal Graphics Papers: Pushing the Boundaries, Volume 210.1145/3596711.3596790(747-756)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
    • Show More Cited By

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
    ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics  Volume 20, Issue 4
    Aug. 1986
    300 pages
    ISSN:0097-8930
    DOI:10.1145/15886
    Issue’s Table of Contents
    • cover image ACM Conferences
      SIGGRAPH '86: Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
      August 1986
      332 pages
      ISBN:0897911962
      DOI:10.1145/15922
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 31 August 1986
    Published in SIGGRAPH Volume 20, Issue 4

    Check for updates

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)369
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)47

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Dynamic ocean inverse modeling based on differentiable renderingComputational Visual Media10.1007/s41095-023-0338-410:2(279-294)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2024
    • (2023)Ship-to-ship maritime wireless channel modeling under various sea state conditions based on REL modelFrontiers in Marine Science10.3389/fmars.2023.113428610Online publication date: 24-Feb-2023
    • (2023)Elastically Deformable ModelsSeminal Graphics Papers: Pushing the Boundaries, Volume 210.1145/3596711.3596790(747-756)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
    • (2023)Generalizing Shallow Water Simulations with Dispersive Surface WavesACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/359209842:4(1-12)Online publication date: 26-Jul-2023
    • (2023)Electromagnetic Scattering Characteristics of Shallow Water Waves Affected by Shoal Modulation2023 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT)10.1109/ICMMT58241.2023.10276736(1-3)Online publication date: 14-May-2023
    • (2022)A deep learning-based approach for automatic detection of concrete cracks below the waterlineVibroengineering Procedia10.21595/vp.2022.2284544(142-148)Online publication date: 25-Aug-2022
    • (2022)Facet-Based Hybrid Method for Electromagnetic Scattering From Shallow Water Waves Modulated by Submarine TopographyIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing10.1109/TGRS.2022.316499260(1-14)Online publication date: 2022
    • (2022)3D wave simulation based on a deep learning model for spatiotemporal predictionOcean Engineering10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112420263(112420)Online publication date: Nov-2022
    • (2020)Making procedural water waves boundary-awareProceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation10.1111/cgf.14100(1-8)Online publication date: 6-Oct-2020
    • (2019)Large Scale Ocean Real-Time Rendering Method Optimized by Tessellation TechnologyComputer Science and Application10.12677/CSA.2019.91225809:12(2323-2329)Online publication date: 2019
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Get Access

    Login options

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media