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A survey of design issues in spatial input

Published: 02 November 1994 Publication History

Abstract

We present a survey of design issues for developing effective free-space three-dimensional (3D) user interfaces. Our survey is based upon previous work in 3D interaction, our experience in developing free-space interfaces, and our informal observations of test users. We illustrate our design issues using examples drawn from instances of 3D interfaces.
For example, our first issue suggests that users have difficulty understanding three-dimensional space. We offer a set of strategies which may help users to better perceive a 3D virtual environment, including the use of spatial references, relative gesture, two-handed interaction, multisensory feedback, physical constraints, and head tracking. We describe interfaces which employ these strategies.
Our major contribution is the synthesis of many scattered results, observations, and examples into a common framework. This framework should serve as a guide to researchers or systems builders who may not be familiar with design issues in spatial input. Where appropriate, we also try to identify areas in free-space 3D interaction which we see as likely candidates for additional research.
An extended and annotated version of the references list for this paper is available on-line through mosaic at address http://uvacs.cs.virginia.edu/~kph2q/.

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cover image ACM Conferences
UIST '94: Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
November 1994
226 pages
ISBN:0897916573
DOI:10.1145/192426
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Published: 02 November 1994

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Author Tags

  1. 3D interaction
  2. ergonomics of virtual manipulation
  3. haptic input
  4. spatial input
  5. two-handed input
  6. virtual reality

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7UIST94
7UIST94: 7th ACM Symposium on User Interface and Software Technology
November 2 - 4, 1994
California, Marina del Rey, USA

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