research-article

Towards graceful aging degradation in NoCs through an adaptive routing algorithm

Authors:

Kshitij Bhardwaj,

Koushik Chakraborty,

Sanghamitra RoyAuthors Info & Claims

DAC '12: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Design Automation Conference

Pages 382 - 391

https://doi.org/10.1145/2228360.2228429

Published: 03 June 2012 Publication History

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Abstract

Continuous technology scaling has made aging mechanisms such as Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) and electromigration primary concerns in Network-on-Chip (NoC) designs. In this paper, we model the effects of these aging mechanisms on NoC components such as routers and links using a novel reliability metric called Traffic Threshold per Epoch (TTpE). We observe a critical need of a robust aging-aware routing algorithm that not only reduces power-performance overheads caused due to aging degradation but also minimizes the stress experienced by heavily utilized routers and links. To solve this problem, we propose an aging-aware adaptive routing algorithm and a router microarchitecture that routes the packets along the paths which are both least congested and experience minimum aging stress. After an extensive experimental analysis using real workloads, we observe a 13%, 12.7% average overhead reduction in network latency and Energy-Delay-Product-Per-Flit (EDPPF) and a 10.4% improvement in performance using our aging-aware routing algorithm.

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Cited By

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Bhamidipati PKaranth A(2022)HREN: A Hybrid Reliable and Energy-Efficient Network-on-Chip ArchitectureIEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing10.1109/TETC.2022.3147407(1-1)Online publication date: 2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TETC.2022.3147407
Sharma AGaur MBhargava LLaxmi VGupta M(2022)Pre-Silicon NBTI Delay-Aware Modeling of Network-on-Chip Router MicroarchitectureMicroprocessors & Microsystems10.1016/j.micpro.2022.10452691:COnline publication date: 1-Jun-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.micpro.2022.104526
Chen WWang XSun YHu QHuang LJiang YSingh AMak TYang M(2021)Evolution of Publications, Subjects, and Co-Authorships in Network-on-Chip Research From a Complex Network PerspectiveIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2021.31231069(149399-149422)Online publication date: 2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3123106
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Index Terms

Towards graceful aging degradation in NoCs through an adaptive routing algorithm
1. Computer systems organization
  1. Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
2. General and reference
  1. Cross-computing tools and techniques
    1. Design

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Published In

DAC '12: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Design Automation Conference

June 2012

1357 pages

ISBN:9781450311991

DOI:10.1145/2228360

General Chair:
Patrick Groeneveld
Magma Design Automation, Inc., San Jose, CA
,
Program Chairs:
Donatella Sciuto
Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
,
Soha Hassoun
Tufts Univ., Medford, MA

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

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Published: 03 June 2012

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DAC '12

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DAC '12: The 49th Annual Design Automation Conference 2012

June 3 - 7, 2012

California, San Francisco

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Overall Acceptance Rate 1,770 of 5,499 submissions, 32%

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Bhamidipati PKaranth A(2022)HREN: A Hybrid Reliable and Energy-Efficient Network-on-Chip ArchitectureIEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing10.1109/TETC.2022.3147407(1-1)Online publication date: 2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TETC.2022.3147407
Sharma AGaur MBhargava LLaxmi VGupta M(2022)Pre-Silicon NBTI Delay-Aware Modeling of Network-on-Chip Router MicroarchitectureMicroprocessors & Microsystems10.1016/j.micpro.2022.10452691:COnline publication date: 1-Jun-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.micpro.2022.104526
Chen WWang XSun YHu QHuang LJiang YSingh AMak TYang M(2021)Evolution of Publications, Subjects, and Co-Authorships in Network-on-Chip Research From a Complex Network PerspectiveIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2021.31231069(149399-149422)Online publication date: 2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3123106
Parasar MFarrokhbakht HEnright Jerger NGratz PKrishna TSan Miguel J(2020)DRAIN: Deadlock Removal for Arbitrary Irregular Networks2020 IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)10.1109/HPCA47549.2020.00044(447-460)Online publication date: Feb-2020
https://doi.org/10.1109/HPCA47549.2020.00044
Kim JHong JHan T(2019)Intra and Inter Routing based Lifetime Improvement Method for VFI Network-on-ChipInternational Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering10.18178/IJIEE.2019.9.1.6979:1(12-18)Online publication date: Mar-2019
https://doi.org/10.18178/IJIEE.2019.9.1.697
Wang LWang XLeung HMak T(2019)A Non-Minimal Routing Algorithm for Aging Mitigation in 2D-Mesh NoCsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2018.285514938:7(1373-1377)Online publication date: Jul-2019
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCAD.2018.2855149
Yin LZhang YZhou JChang QSun J(2019)An Aging-Aware Routing Algorithm for Improving Reliability in NoC-Based Multicore Systems2019 IEEE 21st International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 17th International Conference on Smart City; IEEE 5th International Conference on Data Science and Systems (HPCC/SmartCity/DSS)10.1109/HPCC/SmartCity/DSS.2019.00240(1749-1756)Online publication date: Aug-2019
https://doi.org/10.1109/HPCC/SmartCity/DSS.2019.00240
Sleeba SJose JPalesi MJames RMini M(2018)Traffic Aware Deflection Rerouting Mechanism for Mesh Network on Chip2018 IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI-SoC)10.1109/VLSI-SoC.2018.8645011(25-30)Online publication date: Oct-2018
https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSI-SoC.2018.8645011
Ghaderi ZAlqahtani ABagherzadeh N(2018)AROMa: Aging-Aware Deadlock-Free Adaptive Routing Algorithm and Online Monitoring in 3D NoCsIEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems10.1109/TPDS.2017.278017329:4(772-788)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2018
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Ghaderi ZAlqahtani ABagherzadeh N(2017)Online monitoring and adaptive routing for aging mitigation in NoCsProceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation & Test in Europe10.5555/3130379.3130395(67-72)Online publication date: 27-Mar-2017
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3130379.3130395
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Analysis and mitigation of NBTI-induced performance degradation for power-gated circuits

TG-based technique for NBTI degradation and leakage optimization

Practical aspects of reliability analysis for IC designs

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Analysis and mitigation of NBTI-induced performance degradation for power-gated circuits

TG-based technique for NBTI degradation and leakage optimization

Practical aspects of reliability analysis for IC designs

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