research-article

Towards Interconnected Blockchains: A Comprehensive Review of the Role of Interoperability among Disparate Blockchains

Authors:

Ankur Lohachab,

Muhammad Bilal Amin,

Xiwei XuAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), Volume 54, Issue 7

Article No.: 135, Pages 1 - 39

https://doi.org/10.1145/3460287

Published: 18 July 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Unprecedented attention towards blockchain technology is serving as a game-changer in fostering the development of blockchain-enabled distinctive frameworks. However, fragmentation unleashed by its underlying concepts hinders different stakeholders from effectively utilizing blockchain-supported services, resulting in the obstruction of its wide-scale adoption. To explore synergies among the isolated frameworks requires comprehensively studying inter-blockchain communication approaches. These approaches broadly come under the umbrella of Blockchain Interoperability (BI) notion, as it can facilitate a novel paradigm of an integrated blockchain ecosystem that connects state-of-the-art disparate blockchains. Currently, there is a lack of studies that comprehensively review BI, which works as a stumbling block in its development. Therefore, this article aims to articulate potential of BI by reviewing it from diverse perspectives. Beginning with a glance of blockchain architecture fundamentals, this article discusses its associated platforms, taxonomy, and consensus mechanisms. Subsequently, it argues about BI’s requirement by exemplifying its potential opportunities and application areas. Concerning BI, an architecture seems to be a missing link. Hence, this article introduces a layered architecture for the effective development of protocols and methods for interoperable blockchains. Furthermore, this article proposes an in-depth BI research taxonomy and provides an insight into the state-of-the-art projects. Finally, it determines possible open challenges and future research in the domain.

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Index Terms

Towards Interconnected Blockchains: A Comprehensive Review of the Role of Interoperability among Disparate Blockchains
1. General and reference
  1. Document types
    1. Surveys and overviews

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cover image ACM Computing Surveys

ACM Computing Surveys Volume 54, Issue 7

September 2022

778 pages

ISSN:0360-0300

EISSN:1557-7341

DOI:10.1145/3476825

Editor:
Albert Zomaya
University of Sydney, Australia

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Publication History

Published: 18 July 2021

Accepted: 01 April 2021

Revised: 01 February 2021

Received: 01 October 2020

Published in CSUR Volume 54, Issue 7

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