Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3460421.3480427acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesubicompConference Proceedingsconference-collections
poster

A Transformer Architecture for Stress Detection from ECG

Published: 21 September 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Electrocardiogram (ECG) has been widely used for emotion recognition. This paper presents a deep neural network based on convolutional layers and a transformer mechanism to detect stress using ECG signals. We perform leave-one-subject-out experiments on two publicly available datasets, WESAD and SWELL-KW, to evaluate our method. Our experiments show that the proposed model achieves strong results, comparable or better than the state-of-the-art models for ECG-based stress detection on these two datasets. Moreover, our method is end-to-end, does not require handcrafted features, and can learn robust representations with only a few convolutional blocks and the transformer component.

References

[1]
Dhananjai Bajpai and Lili He. 2020. Evaluating KNN Performance on WESAD Dataset. In 2020 12th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN). IEEE, 60–62.
[2]
Patrícia Bota, Chen Wang, Ana Fred, and Hugo Silva. 2020. Emotion Assessment Using Feature Fusion and Decision Fusion Classification Based on Physiological Data: Are We There Yet?Sensors 20, 17 (2020), 4723.
[3]
Chao Che, Peiliang Zhang, Min Zhu, Yue Qu, and Bo Jin. 2021. Constrained Transformer Network for ECG Signal Processing and Arrhythmia Classification. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 21 (2021).
[4]
Juan Abdon Miranda Correa, Mojtaba Khomami Abadi, Niculae Sebe, and Ioannis Patras. 2018. Amigos: A Dataset for Affect, Personality and Mood Research on Individuals and Groups. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing(2018).
[5]
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2018. Bert: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805(2018).
[6]
Hany Ferdinando, Tapio Seppänen, and Esko Alasaarela. 2016. Comparing features from ECG pattern and HRV analysis for emotion recognition system. In 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB). 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/CIBCB.2016.7758108
[7]
Han-Wen Guo, Yu-Shun Huang, Chien-Hung Lin, Jen-Chien Chien, Koichi Haraikawa, and Jiann-Shing Shieh. 2016. Heart rate variability signal features for emotion recognition by using principal component analysis and support vectors machine. In 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE). IEEE, 274–277.
[8]
Kai Han, Yunhe Wang, Hanting Chen, Xinghao Chen, Jianyuan Guo, Zhenhua Liu, Yehui Tang, An Xiao, Chunjing Xu, Yixing Xu, 2020. A Survey on Visual Transformer. arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.12556(2020).
[9]
Bosun Hwang, Jiwoo You, Thomas Vaessen, Inez Myin-Germeys, Cheolsoo Park, and Byoung-Tak Zhang. 2018. Deep ECGNet: An optimal deep learning framework for monitoring mental stress using ultra short-term ECG signals. TELEMEDICINE and e-HEALTH 24, 10 (2018), 753–772.
[10]
Salman Khan, Muzammal Naseer, Munawar Hayat, Syed Waqas Zamir, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, and Mubarak Shah. 2021. Transformers in Vision: A Survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.01169(2021).
[11]
Sander Koelstra, Christian Muhl, Mohammad Soleymani, Jong-Seok Lee, Ashkan Yazdani, Touradj Ebrahimi, Thierry Pun, Anton Nijholt, and Ioannis Patras. 2011. Deap: A Database for Emotion Analysis; Using Physiological Signals. IEEE Transactions On Affective Computing 3, 1 (2011), 18–31.
[12]
Saskia Koldijk, Mark A Neerincx, and Wessel Kraaij. 2016. Detecting Work Stress in Offices by Combining Unobtrusive Sensors. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 9, 2 (2016), 227–239.
[13]
Saskia Koldijk, Maya Sappelli, Suzan Verberne, Mark A Neerincx, and Wessel Kraaij. 2014. The Swell Knowledge Work Dataset for Stress and User Modeling Research. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction. 291–298.
[14]
Jionghao Lin, Shirui Pan, Cheng Siong Lee, and Sharon Oviatt. 2019. An Explainable Deep Fusion Network for Affect Recognition using Physiological Signals. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 2069–2072.
[15]
Dominique Makowski, Tam Pham, Zen J. Lau, Jan C. Brammer, François Lespinasse, Hung Pham, Christopher Schölzel, and S. H. Annabel Chen. 2021. NeuroKit2: A Python toolbox for neurophysiological signal processing. Behavior Research Methods (02 Feb 2021). https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01516-y
[16]
Rosalind W Picard. 2000. Affective computing. MIT press.
[17]
Soujanya Poria, Erik Cambria, Rajiv Bajpai, and Amir Hussain. 2017. A Review Of Affective Computing: From Unimodal Analysis To Multimodal Fusion. Information Fusion 37(2017), 98–125.
[18]
Kyle Ross, Pritam Sarkar, Dirk Rodenburg, Aaron Ruberto, Paul Hungler, Adam Szulewski, Daniel Howes, and Ali Etemad. 2019. Toward Dynamically Adaptive Simulation: Multimodal Classification of User Expertise using Wearable Devices. Sensors 19, 19 (2019), 4270.
[19]
Pritam Sarkar and Ali Etemad. 2020. Self-supervised ecg representation learning for emotion recognition. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing(2020).
[20]
Pritam Sarkar and Ali Etemad. 2020. Self-supervised learning for ecg-based emotion recognition. In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). 3217–3221.
[21]
Philip Schmidt, Attila Reiss, Robert Duerichen, Claus Marberger, and Kristof Van Laerhoven. 2018. Introducing Wesad, A Multimodal Dataset for Wearable Stress and Affect Detection. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction. 400–408.
[22]
Senthil Sriramprakash, Vadana D Prasanna, and OV Ramana Murthy. 2017. Stress Detection in Working People. Procedia Computer Science 115 (2017), 359–366.
[23]
Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N. Gomez, undefinedukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin. 2017. Attention is All You Need. In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (Long Beach, California, USA) (NIPS’17). 6000–6010.
[24]
Bin Wang, Chang Liu, Chuanyan Hu, Xudong Liu, and Jun Cao. 2021. Arrhythmia Classification with Heartbeat-Aware Transformer. In ICASSP 2021-2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 1025–1029.
[25]
Thomas Wolf, Lysandre Debut, Victor Sanh, Julien Chaumond, Clement Delangue, Anthony Moi, Pierric Cistac, Tim Rault, Remi Louf, Morgan Funtowicz, Joe Davison, Sam Shleifer, Patrick von Platen, Clara Ma, Yacine Jernite, Julien Plu, Canwen Xu, Teven Le Scao, Sylvain Gugger, Mariama Drame, Quentin Lhoest, and Alexander Rush. 2020. Transformers: State-of-the-Art Natural Language Processing. In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations. 38–45.

Cited By

View all
  • (2025)Transformers in biosignal analysis: A reviewInformation Fusion10.1016/j.inffus.2024.102697114(102697)Online publication date: Feb-2025
  • (2024)Strategies for Reliable Stress Recognition: A Machine Learning Approach Using Heart Rate Variability FeaturesSensors10.3390/s2410321024:10(3210)Online publication date: 18-May-2024
  • (2024)A Comparison of Personalized and Generalized Approaches to Emotion Recognition Using Consumer Wearable Devices: Machine Learning StudyJMIR AI10.2196/521713(e52171)Online publication date: 10-May-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
ISWC '21: Proceedings of the 2021 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers
September 2021
220 pages
ISBN:9781450384629
DOI:10.1145/3460421
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 21 September 2021

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Affective Computing
  2. ECG
  3. Stress
  4. Transformers
  5. Wearable

Qualifiers

  • Poster
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Conference

UbiComp '21

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 38 of 196 submissions, 19%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)240
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)34
Reflects downloads up to 19 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2025)Transformers in biosignal analysis: A reviewInformation Fusion10.1016/j.inffus.2024.102697114(102697)Online publication date: Feb-2025
  • (2024)Strategies for Reliable Stress Recognition: A Machine Learning Approach Using Heart Rate Variability FeaturesSensors10.3390/s2410321024:10(3210)Online publication date: 18-May-2024
  • (2024)A Comparison of Personalized and Generalized Approaches to Emotion Recognition Using Consumer Wearable Devices: Machine Learning StudyJMIR AI10.2196/521713(e52171)Online publication date: 10-May-2024
  • (2024)Systematic Evaluation of Personalized Deep Learning Models for Affect RecognitionProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36997248:4(1-35)Online publication date: 21-Nov-2024
  • (2024)Low-Rank Adaptation of Time Series Foundational Models for Out-of-Domain Modality ForecastingProceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3678957.3685724(382-386)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
  • (2024)NapTune: Efficient Model Tuning for Mood Classification using Previous Night's Sleep Measures along with Wearable Time-seriesProceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3678957.3685722(204-213)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
  • (2024)Exploring the Landscape of Ubiquitous In-home Health Monitoring: A Comprehensive SurveyACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare10.1145/36708545:4(1-43)Online publication date: 23-Oct-2024
  • (2024)Multimodal fusion stress detector for enhanced human-robot collaboration in industrial assembly tasks2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (ROMAN)10.1109/RO-MAN60168.2024.10731373(978-984)Online publication date: 26-Aug-2024
  • (2024)A Real-Time Emotion-Aware System Based on Wireless Body Area Network for IoMT ApplicationsIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2024.345897611:24(41182-41193)Online publication date: 15-Dec-2024
  • (2024)Graph-Enhanced Low-Resource ECG Representation Learning for Emotion Recognition Based on Wearable Internet of ThingsIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2024.343029711:24(39056-39068)Online publication date: 15-Dec-2024
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

HTML Format

View this article in HTML Format.

HTML Format

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media