Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
article

Animal Rights and Robot Ethics

Published: 01 July 2017 Publication History

Abstract

This paper investigates challenges which anthropocentric and pathocentric ethics have to face when confronted with moral considerations about non-human animals, especially so-called disenhanced animals, and a new class of technological artifacts, namely social robots. Referring to the case of animal welfare, robot ethics emerges as a new discipline that has not yet reflected on the ideological biases that commonly underlie moral judgments toward animals and find expression in robot ethics, too. As a consequence, robot ethics perpetuates the "work of purification," that is, the isolation and definition of a particular entity possessing a moral status. Whenever such an entity is defined, the definition excludes all those entities which could likewise possess a moral status but do not fit exactly to the pre-specified definition. The crucial question, then, is whether to seek an ethic of unconditional compassion that doesn't allow itself to be restricted by ideology and is therefore convenient for animal rights and robot ethics as well.

References

[1]
Adams, C. J. 2014. The War on Compassion. In Sorenson, J. Ed., Critical Animal Studies. Thinking the Unthinkable pp. 18-28. Toronto: Canadian Scholars' Press.
[2]
Allen, C., Varner, G., & Zinser, J. 2000. Prolegomena to any future artificial moral agent. Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 123, 251-261.
[3]
Ascione, F. R. 2001. Animal abuse and youth violence. US Department of Justice.
[4]
Asimov, I. 2004. I, Robot. New York: Random House LLC.
[5]
Bekoff, M., & Pierce, J. 2009. Wild Justice: The Moral Lives Of Animals. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
[6]
Bentham, J. 1838. The Works of Jeremy Bentham. Published under the Superintendence of his Executor Vol. 1. Edinburgh, UK: William Tait.
[7]
Boat, B. W. 1995. The Relationship between Violence to Children and Violence to Animals: An Ignored Link? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 102, 229-235.
[8]
Bräuer, J. 2014. Klüger als wir denken: Wozu Tiere fähig sind. Berlin: Springer.
[9]
Calverley, D. J. 2006. Android science and animal rights, does an analogy exist? Connection Science, 184, 403-417.
[10]
Coeckelbergh, M. 2010. Robot rights?: Towards a social-relational justification of moral consideration. Ethics and Information Technology, 123, 209-221.
[11]
Darling, K. 2016. Extending legal protection to social robots: The effect of anthropomorphism, empathy, and violent behavior towards robotic objects. In Calo, R., Froomkin, A. M., & Kerr, I. Eds., Robot Law pp. 213-234. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
[12]
Donovan, J. 1996. Attention to suffering: A feminist caring ethic for the treatment of animals. Journal of Social Philosophy, 271, 81-102.
[13]
Ferrari, A. 2012. Animal Disenhancement for Animal Welfare: The Apparent Philosophical Conundrums and the Real Exploitation of Animals. A Response to Thompson and Palmer. NanoEthics, 61, 65-76.
[14]
Freeman, C. P. 2010. Embracing humanimality: Deconstructing the human/animal dichotomy. In Goodale, G., & Black, E. Eds., Arguments about Animal Ethics pp. 11-30. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
[15]
Fuchs, P. 2002. Behinderung und soziale Systeme, Anmerkungen zu einem schier unlösbaren Problem. Das gepfefferte Ferkel.
[16]
Hayles, K. N. 1999. How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
[17]
Huffman, M. A., & Seifu, M. 1989. Observations on the illness and consumption of a possibly medicinal plant Vernonia amygdalina Del., by a wild chimpanzee in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates, 301, 51-63.
[18]
Joy, M. 2002. Psychic numbing and meat consumption. The psychology of carnism Dissertation. Faculty of Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center, San Francisco, CA.
[19]
Joy, M. 2005. Humanistic psychology and animal rights: Reconsidering the boundaries of the humanistic ethic. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 451, 106-130.
[20]
Joy, M. 2011. Why we love Dogs, eat Pigs, and wear Cows: An Introduction to Carnism. Conari Press.
[21]
Kant, I. 1977. Kants Werke, Akademie Textausgabe: Anmerkungen der Bände I. Walter de Gruyter.
[22]
Kellert, S. R., & Felthous, A. R. 1985. Childhood cruelty toward animals among criminals and noncriminals. Human Relations, 3812, 1113-1129.
[23]
Kurzweil, R. 2005. The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology. London: Penguin Group.
[24]
Kurzweil, R. 2012. How To Create A Mind: The Secret Of Human Thought Revealed. London: Penguin Group.
[25]
Latour, B. 2005. Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
[26]
Latour, B. 2012. We have never been modern. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
[27]
Laux, H. 2011. Latours Akteure. Ein Beitrag zur Neuvermessung der Handlungstheorie. In Lüdke, N. Ed., Akteur - Individuum - Subjekt. Fragen zu 'Personalität' und 'Sozialität' pp. 275-300. Wien: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
[28]
MacDonald, L. 2002. Biotechnology at the Margins of Personhood. An Evolving Legal Paradigm. Montreal, Canada: Faculty of Graduade Studies and Research.
[29]
Macho, T. 2013. Tiere, Menschen, Maschinen. Für einen inklusiven Humanismus. In Liessmann, K. P. Ed., Tiere. Der Mensch und seine Natur pp. 153-173. Wien: Paul Zsolnay.
[30]
Nagenborg, M., Capurro, R., Weber, J., & Pingel, C. 2008. Ethical regulations on robotics in Europe. AI & Society, 223, 349-366.
[31]
Palmer, C. 2011. Animal disenhancement and the non-identity problem. NanoEthics, 51, 43-48.
[32]
Patterson, F. 1978. Conversations with a gorilla. National Geographic, 1544, 438-465.
[33]
Peggs, K. 2012. Animals and Sociology. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan.
[34]
Regan, T. 2003. Animal Rights, Human Wrongs: An Introduction to Moral Philosophy. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
[35]
Regan, T. 2004. The Case for Animal Rights. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
[36]
Rollin, B. E. 1998. The Unheeded Cry: Animal Consciousness, Animal Pain, and Science Expanded Edition. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.
[37]
Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M., Schulte, F. P., Eimler, S. C., Hoffmann, L., Sobieraj, S., Maderwald, S., & Brand, M. 2012. Neural correlates of empathy towards robots. 8th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction.
[38]
Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M., Krämer, N. C., Hoffmann, L., Sobieraj, S., & Eimler, S. C. 2013. An Experimental Study on Emotional Reactions Towards a Robot. International Journal of Social Robotics, 51, 17-34.
[39]
Singer, P. 1975. Animal Liberation. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
[40]
Thompson, P. B. 1997. Ethics and the genetic engineering of food animals. Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics, 101, 1-23.
[41]
Thompson, P. B. 2008. The Opposite of Human Enhancement: Nanotechnology and the Blind Chicken Problem. NanoEthics, 23, 305-316.
[42]
Turkle, S. 2011. Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other. New York: Basic Books.
[43]
Waal, F. d. 2009. The Age of Empathy: Nature's Lessons for a Kinder Society. New York: Harmony Books.
[44]
Wallach, W. 2010. Robot minds and human ethics: The need for a comprehensive model of moral decision making. Ethics and Information Technology, 123, 243-250.
[45]
Wallach, W., & Allen, C. 2009. Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong. New York: Oxford University Press.
[46]
Whitby, B. 2008. Sometimes its hard to be a robot: A call for action on the ethics of abusing artificial agents. Interacting with Computers, 203, 326-333.

Cited By

View all

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image International Journal of Technoethics
International Journal of Technoethics  Volume 8, Issue 2
July 2017
71 pages
ISSN:1947-3451
EISSN:1947-346X
Issue’s Table of Contents

Publisher

IGI Global

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 July 2017

Author Tags

  1. Animal Rights
  2. Anthropocentrism
  3. Carnism
  4. Compassion
  5. Robot Ethics

Qualifiers

  • Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 14 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all

View Options

View options

Get Access

Login options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media