Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.5555/2887007.2887158guideproceedingsArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesConference Proceedingsacm-pubtype
Article

Limitations of front-to-end bidirectional heuristic search

Published: 25 January 2015 Publication History

Abstract

We present an intuitive explanation for the limited effectiveness of front-to-end bidirectional heuristic search, supported with extensive evidence from many commonly-studied domains. While previous work has proved the limitations of specific algorithms, we show that any front-to-end bidirectional heuristic search algorithm will likely be dominated by unidirectional heuristic search or bidirectional brute-force search. We also demonstrate a pathological case where bidirectional heuristic search is the dominant algorithm, so a stronger claim cannot be made. Finally, we show that on the four-peg Towers Of Hanoi with arbitrary start and goal states, bidirectional brute-force search outperforms unidirectional heuristic search using pattern-database heuristics.

References

[1]
Barker, J. K., and Korf, R. E. 2012. Solving peg solitaire with bidirectional BFIDA*. In Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
[2]
Breyer, T. M., and Korf, R. E. 2010. 1.6-bit pattern databases. In Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
[3]
Culberson, J. C., and Schaeffer, J. 1996. Searching with pattern databases. In Advances in Artifical Intelligence. Springer. 402-416.
[4]
Dillenburg, J. F., and Nelson, P. C. 1994. Perimeter search. Artificial Intelligence 65(1):165-178.
[5]
Edelkamp, S., and Schrödl, S. 2011. Heuristic Search: Theory and Applications. Morgan Kaufmann.
[6]
Felner, A.; Korf, R. E.; Meshulam, R.; and Holte, R. C. 2007. Compressed pattern databases. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Reseach 30:213-247.
[7]
Felner, A.; Moldenhauer, C.; Sturtevant, N. R.; and Schaeffer, J. 2010. Single-frontier bidirectional search. In Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
[8]
Felner, A.; Zahavi, U.; Holte, R.; Schaeffer, J.; Sturtevant, N.; and Zhang, Z. 2011. Inconsistent heuristics in theory and practice. Artificial Intelligence 175(9):1570-1603.
[9]
Hart, P.; Nilsson, N.; and Raphael, B. 1968. A formal basis for the heuristic determination of minimum cost paths. Systems Science and Cybernetics, IEEE Transactions on 4(2):100-107.
[10]
Helmert, M. 2010. Landmark heuristics for the pancake problem. In Third Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Search.
[11]
Hinz, A. M. 1997. The tower of hanoi. Algebras and Combinatorics: Proceedings of ICAC97 227-289.
[12]
Kaindl, H., and Kainz, G. 1997. Bidirectional heuristic search reconsidered. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 7:283-317.
[13]
Korf, R. E., and Felner, A. 2002. Disjoint pattern database heuristics. Artificial Intelligence 134(1):9-22.
[14]
Korf, R. E. 1985. Depth-first iterative-deepening: An optimal admissible tree search. Artificial intelligence 27(1):97-109.
[15]
Korf, R. E. 2008. Linear-time disk-based implicit graph search. Journal of the ACM 55(6):26.
[16]
Kwa, J. B. 1989. BS*: An admissible bidirectional staged heuristic search algorithm. Artificial Intelligence 38(1):95-109.
[17]
Lippi, M.; Ernandes, M.; and Felner, A. 2012. Efficient single frontier bidirectional search. In Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on Combinatorial Search.
[18]
Manzini, G. 1995. BIDA*: an improved perimeter search algorithm. Artificial Intelligence 75(2):347-360.
[19]
Pearl, J. 1984. Heuristics: Intelligent Search Strategies for Computer Problem Solving. Boston, MA, USA: Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.
[20]
Pohl, I. 1971. Bi-directional search. Machine Intelligence 6:127-140.
[21]
Yang, F.; Culberson, J. C.; Holte, R.; Zahavi, U.; and Felner, A. 2008. A general theory of additive state space abstractions. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 32:631-662.
[22]
Zhou, R., and Hansen, E. A. 2006. Breadth-first heuristic search. Artificial Intelligence 170(4):385-408.

Cited By

View all
  • (2019)A*+IDA*Proceedings of the 28th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/3367032.3367204(1206-1212)Online publication date: 10-Aug-2019
  • (2019)Efficient reinforcement learning in continuous state and action spaces with Dyna and policy approximationFrontiers of Computer Science: Selected Publications from Chinese Universities10.1007/s11704-017-6222-613:1(106-126)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2019
  • (2017)Front-to-end bidirectional heuristic search with near-optimal node expansionsProceedings of the 26th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/3171642.3171713(489-495)Online publication date: 19-Aug-2017
  • Show More Cited By
  1. Limitations of front-to-end bidirectional heuristic search

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image Guide Proceedings
    AAAI'15: Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
    January 2015
    4331 pages
    ISBN:0262511290

    Sponsors

    • Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence

    Publisher

    AAAI Press

    Publication History

    Published: 25 January 2015

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 28 Jan 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2019)A*+IDA*Proceedings of the 28th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/3367032.3367204(1206-1212)Online publication date: 10-Aug-2019
    • (2019)Efficient reinforcement learning in continuous state and action spaces with Dyna and policy approximationFrontiers of Computer Science: Selected Publications from Chinese Universities10.1007/s11704-017-6222-613:1(106-126)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2019
    • (2017)Front-to-end bidirectional heuristic search with near-optimal node expansionsProceedings of the 26th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/3171642.3171713(489-495)Online publication date: 19-Aug-2017
    • (2016)Abstraction heuristics for symbolic bidirectional searchProceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/3061053.3061079(3272-3278)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2016
    • (2016)External memory bidirectional searchProceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/3060621.3060716(676-682)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2016
    • (2016)Bidirectional search that is guaranteed to meet in the middleProceedings of the Thirtieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence10.5555/3016100.3016382(3411-3417)Online publication date: 12-Feb-2016

    View Options

    View options

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media