Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3331076.3331091acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesideasConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

A spatial index for hybrid storage

Published: 10 June 2019 Publication History

Abstract

The introduction of flash SSDs has accelerated the performance of DBMSes. However, the intrinsic characteristics of flash motivated many researchers to investigate new efficient data structures. The emergence of 3DXPoint, a new non-volatile memory, sets new challenges: 3DXPoint features low latency and high IOPS even at small queue depths. However, the cost of 3DXPoint is 4 times higher than that of a flash-based device, rendering hybrid storage systems a good alternative. In this paper we pursue exploiting the efficiency of both 3DXPoint and flash-based devices introducing H-Grid, a variant of Grid-File for hybrid storage. H-Grid uses a flash SSD as main store and a small 3DXPoint device to persist the hottest data. The performance of the proposed index is experimentally evaluated, comparing it against GFFM, a flash efficient implementation of Grid File. The results show that H-Grid is faster than GFFM execution on a flash SSD, reducing the single point search time from 35% up to 43%.

References

[1]
D. Agrawal, D. Ganesan, R. Sitaraman, Y. Diao, and S. Singh. Lazy-adaptive tree: An optimized index structure for flash devices. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, 2(1):361--372, 2009.
[2]
M. Canim, G. A. Mihaila, B. Bhattacharjee, K. A. Ross, and C. A. Lang. Ssd bufferpool extensions for database systems. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, 3(1-2):1435--1446, 2010.
[3]
A. C. Carniel, R. R. Ciferri, and C. D. de Aguiar Ciferri. A generic and efficient framework for spatial indexing on flash-based solid state drives. In Advances in Databases and Information Systems, pages 229--243. Springer, 2017.
[4]
F. Chen, D. A. Koufaty, and X. Zhang. Hystor: making the best use of solid state drives in high performance storage systems. In Proceedings of the international conference on Supercomputing, pages 22--32. ACM, 2011.
[5]
A. Fevgas and P. Bozanis. Grid-file: Towards to a flash efficient multi-dimensional index. In International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications, pages 285--294. Springer, 2015.
[6]
A. Fevgas and P. Bozanis. Lb-grid: An ssd efficient grid file. Data Knowledge Engineering, 2019 in press.
[7]
M. Hadjieleftheriou. libspatialindex 1.8.5, 2019. {Online; accessed 20-Feb-2019}.
[8]
F. T. Hady, A. Foong, B. Veal, and D. Williams. Platform storage performance with 3d xpoint technology. Proceedings of the IEEE, 105(9):1822--1833, 2017.
[9]
K. Hinrichs. Implementation of the grid file: Design concepts and experience. BIT Numerical Mathematics, 25(4):569--592, 1985.
[10]
P. Jin, X. Xie, N. Wang, and L. Yue. Optimizing r-tree for flash memory. Expert Systems with Applications, 2015.
[11]
P. Jin, C. Yang, C. S. Jensen, P. Yang, and L. Yue. Read/write-optimized tree indexing for solid-state drives. The VLDB Journal, 25(5):695--717, 2016.
[12]
P. Jin, P. Yang, and L. Yue. Optimizing b+-tree for hybrid storage systems. Distributed and parallel Databases, 33(3):449--475, 2015.
[13]
I. Koltsidas and V. Hsu. IBM Storage and NVM express Revolution. Technical report, IBM, 2017.
[14]
G. Li, P. Zhao, L. Yuan, and S. Gao. Efficient implementation of a multi-dimensional index structure over flash memory storage systems. The Journal of Supercomputing, 64(3):1055--1074, 2013.
[15]
L. Li, P. Jin, C. Yang, S. Wan, and L. Yue. Xb+-tree: A novel index for pcm/dram-based hybrid memory. In Australasian Database Conference, pages 357--368. Springer, 2016.
[16]
Y. Li, B. He, Q. Luo, and K. Yi. Tree indexing on flash disks. In Data Engineering, 2009. ICDE'09. IEEE 25th International Conference on, pages 1303--1306. IEEE, 2009.
[17]
S. Lin, D. Zeinalipour-Yazti, V. Kalogeraki, D. Gunopulos, and W. A. Najjar. Efficient indexing data structures for flash-based sensor devices. ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS), 2(4):468--503, 2006.
[18]
J. D. Little and S. C. Graves. Little's law. In Building intuition, pages 81--100. Springer, 2008.
[19]
X. Liu and K. Salem. Hybrid storage management for database systems. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, 6(8):541--552, 2013.
[20]
Y. Liu, X. Ge, X. Huang, and D. H. Du. Molar: A cost-efficient, high-performance hybrid storage cache. In Cluster Computing (CLUSTER), 2013 IEEE International Conference on, pages 1--5. IEEE, 2013.
[21]
Y. Lv, X. Chen, G. Sun, and B. Cui. A probabilistic data replacement strategy for flash-based hybrid storage system. In Asia-Pacific Web Conference, pages 360--371. Springer, 2013.
[22]
R. Micheloni. 3D Flash memories. Springer, 2016.
[23]
J. Nievergelt, H. Hinterberger, and K. C. Sevcik. The Grid file: Aan adaptable, symmetric multikey file structure. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 9(1):38--71, 1984.
[24]
J. Niu, J. Xu, and L. Xie. Hybrid storage systems: A survey of architectures and algorithms. IEEE ACCESS, 6:13385--13406, 2018.
[25]
H. Roh, S. Kim, D. Lee, and S. Park. As b-tree: A study of an efficient b+-tree for ssds. Journal of Information Science and Engineering, 30(1):85--106, 2014.
[26]
H. Roh, S. Park, S. Kim, M. Shin, and S.-W. Lee. B+-tree index optimization by exploiting internal parallelism of flash-based solid state drives. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, 5(4):286--297, 2011.
[27]
H. Roh, S. Park, M. Shin, and S.-W. Lee. Mpsearch: Multi-path search for tree-based indexes to exploit internal parallelism of flash ssds. IEEE Data Eng. Bull., 37(2):3--11, 2014.
[28]
G. Roumelis, A. Fevgas, M. Vassilakopoulos, A. Corral, P. Bozanis, and Y. Manolopoulos. Bulk-loading and bulk-insertion algorithms for xbr-trees in solid state drives. Computing, 2019. available online.
[29]
H. Samet. Applications of spatial data structures. Addison-Wesley, 1990.
[30]
M. Sarwat, M. F. Mokbel, X. Zhou, and S. Nath. Fast: a generic framework for flash-aware spatial trees. In Advances in Spatial and Temporal Databases, pages 149--167. Springer, 2011.
[31]
J. Yang and D. J. Lilja. Reducing relational database performance bottlenecks using 3d xpoint storage technology. In 2018 17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And Communications/12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE), pages 1804--1808. IEEE, 2018.
[32]
J. Zhang, M. Kwon, D. Gouk, S. Koh, C. Lee, M. Alian, M. Chun, K. N. Kandemir MTaylan, J. Kim, and M. Jung. Flashshare: Punching through server storage stack from kernel to firmware for ultra-low latency ssds. In 13th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 18), pages 477--492, 2018.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)A Survey of Multi-Dimensional Indexes: Past and Future TrendsIEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering10.1109/TKDE.2024.336418336:8(3635-3655)Online publication date: Aug-2024
  • (2023)Spatial Index Structures for Modern Storage Devices: A SurveyIEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering10.1109/TKDE.2023.324220735:9(9578-9597)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2023
  • (2021)A Hybrid Approach Combining R*-Tree and k-d Trees to Improve Linked Open Data Query PerformanceApplied Sciences10.3390/app1105240511:5(2405)Online publication date: 8-Mar-2021
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences
IDEAS '19: Proceedings of the 23rd International Database Applications & Engineering Symposium
June 2019
364 pages
ISBN:9781450362498
DOI:10.1145/3331076
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 10 June 2019

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. 3DXPoint
  2. SSD
  3. grid file
  4. optane
  5. spatial index

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Conference

IDEAS 2019

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 74 of 210 submissions, 35%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)18
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 18 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)A Survey of Multi-Dimensional Indexes: Past and Future TrendsIEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering10.1109/TKDE.2024.336418336:8(3635-3655)Online publication date: Aug-2024
  • (2023)Spatial Index Structures for Modern Storage Devices: A SurveyIEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering10.1109/TKDE.2023.324220735:9(9578-9597)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2023
  • (2021)A Hybrid Approach Combining R*-Tree and k-d Trees to Improve Linked Open Data Query PerformanceApplied Sciences10.3390/app1105240511:5(2405)Online publication date: 8-Mar-2021
  • (2021)HyR-tree: a spatial index for hybrid flash/3D XPoint storageNeural Computing and Applications10.1007/s00521-021-05804-235:1(133-145)Online publication date: 25-Feb-2021
  • (2019)A Study of R-tree Performance in Hybrid Flash/3DXPoint Storage2019 10th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA)10.1109/IISA.2019.8900716(1-6)Online publication date: Jul-2019

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media