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E-commerce platforms usually present an ordered list, mixed with several organic items and an advertisement, in response to each user's page view request. This list, the outcome of ad auction and allocation processes, directly impacts the platform's ad ...

To regulate goods that generate externalities upon consumption, textbook analyses typically---and often exclusively---focus on the Pigouvian approach. As first demonstrated by Pigou (1920), a tax on each consumer equal to the marginal external damage ...

We define probabilistically monotone partition function games, a subclass of the well-known partition function games in which we introduce uncertainty. We provide a constructive proof that an exact optimum can be found using a greedy approach, present an ...

Innovation is a very important concern for both managers and governmental policy makers. There is an important interplay between security and technology innovation that is largely unrecognized in the literature. This research considers the case where ...

Despite growing engagements between firms and nonmarket stakeholders—such as local communities and nongovernmental organizations —research has yet to examine the emergence of formal contracts between them. Given that a very large number of such contracts ...

Milton Friedman famously suggested that firms ought not divert profits toward public goods because shareholders can better make these contributions themselves. Despite this, activist shareholders are increasingly successful in persuading firms to be “...

Covenants not to compete are often included in employment agreements between firms and employees, justified by each party’s voluntary “freedom to contract.” However, noncompetes may also generate externalities for all individuals in the market, including ...

One of the important yet insufficiently studied subjects in fair allocation is the externality effect among agents. For a resource allocation problem, externalities imply that the share allocated to an agent may affect the utilities of other agents.

In ...

Facility location games study the scenario where a facility is to be placed based on the reported information from agents. In the society where there are relationships between agents, it is quite natural that one agent's gain will affect other agents' ...

Millions of people use platforms such as Google Maps to search for routes to their desired destinations. Recently, researchers and mapping platforms have shown growing interest in optimizing routes for criteria other than travel time, e.g. simplicity, ...

Social goods are goods that grant value not only to their owners but also to the owners' surroundings, be it their families, friends or office mates. The benefit a non-owner derives from the good is affected by many factors, including the type of the ...

Innovation has traditionally been seen as the province of producers. However, theoretical and empirical research now shows that individual users-consumers-are also a major and increasingly important source of new product and service designs. In this ...

The Web is imagined to provide a global, public role in the dissemination of knowledge and communication between individuals and there are many examples of the Web being used by a variety of 'publics' as a mechanism for independently achieving their ...

In most previous models of coalition structure generation, it is assumed that agents may partition themselves into any coalition structure. In practice, however, there may be physical and organizational constraints that limit the number of co-existing ...

We study a class of games with a continuum of players for which a Cournot-Nash equilibria can be obtained by the minimisation of some cost related to optimal transport. This cost is not convex in the usual sense, in general, but it turns out to have ...

Network services often exhibit positive and negative externalities that affect users' adoption decisions. One such service is "user-provided connectivity" or UPC. The service offers an alternative to traditional infrastructure-based communication ...

If not well targeted, advertising and direct marketing inflict nuisance and inconvenience on consumers. Theoretical analyses predict that consumer actions to avoid advertising impose externalities on other consumers. We investigate the extent of such ...

New regulations mandating firms to share information on security breaches and security practices with authorities are high on the policy agenda around the globe. These initiatives are based on the hope that authorities can effectively advise and warn ...

Our aim in this paper is to prove geometric characterizations of the free disposal condition for nonconvex economies on infinite dimensional commodity spaces even if the cone and the production set involved in the condition have an empty interior such as ...

As cloud computing thrives, many small organizations are joining a public cloud to take advantage of its multiple benefits. Cloud computing is cost efficient, i.e., cloud user can reduce spending on technology infrastructure and have easy access to ...