With the development of NAND flash memories’ bit density and stacking technologies, while storage capacity keeps increasing, the issue of reliability becomes increasingly prominent. Low-density parity check (LDPC) code, as a robust error-correcting code, ...

ZNS SSDs divide the storage space into sequential-write zones, reducing costs of DRAM utilization, garbage collection, and over-provisioning. The sequential-write feature of zones is well-suited for LSM-based databases, where random writes are organized ...

The Zoned Namespace (ZNS) Solid State Drive (SSD) is a nascent form of storage device that offers novel prospects for the Log Structured Merge Tree (LSM-tree). ZNS exposes erase blocks in SSD as append-only zones, enabling the LSM-tree to gain awareness ...

This article proposes a low I/O intensity-aware scheduling scheme on garbage collection (GC) in SSDs for minimizing the I/O long-tail latency to ensure I/O responsiveness. The basic idea is to assemble partial GC operations by referring to several ...

Technology scaling and program/erase cycling result in an increasing bit error rate in NAND flash storage. Some solid state drives (SSDs) adopt overlong error correction codes (ECCs), whose redundancy size exceeds the spare area limit of flash pages, to ...

The paradigm shift from planar (two dimensional (2D)) to vertical (three-dimensional (3D)) models has placed the NAND flash technology on the verge of a design evolution that can handle the demands of next-generation storage applications. However, it ...