As AI advances in capabilities and moves into the real world, its potential to benefit humanity seems limitless. Yet we see serious problems including racial and gender bias, manipulation by social media, and an arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. ...

Throughout the past few years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly more present in our daily lives. A myriad of settings became the stage for AI applications, such as factories, roads, houses, hospitals and even schools. Given these new ...

Writing formulas on the spreadsheet grid is arguably the most widely practiced form of programming. Still, studies highlight the difficulties experienced by end-user programmers when learning and using traditional formulas, especially for slightly ...

An aesthetics evaluation model is at the heart of predicting users’ aesthetic experience and developing user interfaces with higher quality. However, previous methods on aesthetic evaluation largely ignore the interpretability of the model and are ...

In this work, we leverage neural mechanisms of visual attention to improve the accuracy of a commercial eye tracker through the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) waves. Gaze targets were rendered in a computer screen with imperceptible flickering ...

Attentional shifts can occur voluntarily (endogenous control) or reflexively (exogenous control). Previous studies have shown that the neural mechanisms underlying these shifts produce different activity patterns in the brain. Changes in visual-spatial ...

Emotions are complicated psycho-physiological processes that are related to numerous external and internal changes in the body. They play an essential role in human-human interaction and can be important for human-machine interfaces. Automatically ...

News podcasts are a popular medium to stay informed and dive deep into news topics. Today, most podcasts are handcrafted by professionals. In this work, we advance the state-of-the-art in automatically generated podcasts, making use of recent advances ...

Error analysis in NLP models is essential to successful model development and deployment. One common approach for diagnosing errors is to identify subpopulations in the dataset where the model produces the most errors. However, existing approaches ...

We present KWickChat (Keyword Quick Chat): a multi-turn augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) dialogue system for nonspeaking individuals with motor disabilities. The central objective of KWickChat is to reduce the communication gap between ...

Advanced in-cabin sensing technologies, especially vision based approaches, have tremendously progressed user interaction inside the vehicle, paving the way for new applications of natural user interaction. Just as humans use multiple modes to ...

When people receive advice while making difficult decisions, they often make better decisions in the moment and also increase their knowledge in the process. However, such incidental learning can only occur when people cognitively engage with the ...

Speech interfaces, such as personal assistants and screen readers, employ captions to allow users to consume images; however, there is typically only one caption available per image, which may not be adequate for all settings (e.g., browsing large ...

While Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems may benefit from Active Learning (AL) by allowing users to self-annotate their Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), many proposed methods for collecting such annotations are for short-term data collection ...

Touchscreens have become the primary input devices for smartphones, tablet computers, and other intelligent devices over the past decades. While for the most pervasive commercial devices, only 2D touch positions on the screen are utilized as interaction ...

Machine Learning models can output confident but incorrect predictions. To address this problem, ML researchers use various techniques to reliably estimate ML uncertainty, usually performed on controlled benchmarks once the model has been trained. We ...

In this work, we present a system that sequentially generates advertisements within the context of a dialogue. Advertisements tailored to the user have long been displayed on the digital signage in stores, on web pages, and on smartphone applications. ...

Faced with several AI-powered sequential decision-making systems, how might someone choose on which to rely? For example, imagine car buyer Blair shopping for a self-driving car, or developer Dillon trying to choose an appropriate ML model to use in ...

Remote sighted assistance (RSA) has emerged as a conversational assistive technology for people with visual impairments (VI), where remote sighted agents provide realtime navigational assistance to users with visual impairments via video-chat-like ...

Arguably the most popular application task in artificial intelligence is image classification using transfer learning. Transfer learning enables models pre-trained on general classes of images, available in large numbers, to be refined for a specific ...