Microfluidic biochips have emerged with significant promise and versatility in automating a variety of biochemical protocols. Accurate preparation of fluid samples with microfluidic mixers is an essential component of these protocols, where concentration ...

In paper-based digital microfluidic biochips (P-DMFBs), conductive electrodes and control lines are printed on the same side of the photo paper, which introduces a critical design challenge on the so-called control interference issue. This introduces a ...