Abstract
In this paper we explore whether the Fresnel term can be used to improve the predictions of the Beckmann-Kirchhoff (B-K) model for moderately-rough surfaces. Our aim in developing this model is to describe subsurface scattering effects for surfaces of intermediate roughness. We use the BRDF measurements from the CUReT database to compare the predictions of the Fresnel correction process with several variants of the B-K model and the Oren and Nayar Model. The study reveals that our new Fresnel correction provides accurate predictions, which are considerably better than those achieved using both the alternative variants of the B-K model and the Oren-Nayar model.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Beckmann, P., Spizzichino, A.: The Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves from Rough Surfaces. Pergamon, New York (1963)
Bennett, J.M., Mattsson, L.: Introduction to Surface Roughness and Scattering, 2nd edn. Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C (1999)
CUReT database, www.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/curet
Harvey, J.E., Vernold, C.L., Krywonos, A., Thompson, P.L.: Diffracted Radiance: A Fundamental Quantity in a Non-paraxial Scalar Diffraction Theory. Applied Optics 38(31), 6469–6481 (1999)
He, X.D., Torrance, K.E., Sillion, F.X., Greenberg, D.P.: A Comprehensive Physical Model for Light Reflection. ACM Computer Graphics 25, 175–186 (1991)
Koenderink, J.J., van Doorn, A.J., Stavridi, M.: Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function expressed in terms of Surface Scattering Modes. In: European Conference on Computer Vision, vol. 2, pp. 28–39 (1996)
Nayar, S.K., Ikeuchi, K., Kanade, T.: Surface Reflection: Physical and Geometrical Perspectives. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 13(7), 611–634 (1991)
Nieto-Vesperinas, M., Garcia, N.: A Detailed Study of the Scattering of Scalar Waves from Random Rough Surfaces. Optica Acta 28(12), 1651–1672 (1981)
Ogilvy, J.A.: Theory of Wave Scattering from Random Rough Surfaces. Adam Hilger, Bristol (1991)
Oren, M., Nayar, S.K.: Generalization of the Lambertian Model and Implications for Machine Vision. International Journal on Computer Vision 14(3), 227–251 (1995)
Phong, B.T.: Illumination for Computer Generated Pictures. Communications ACM 18, 311–317 (1975)
Torrance, K.E., Sparrow, E.M.: Theory for Off-Specular Reflection from Roughened Surfaces. Journal of the Optical Society of America 57(9), 1105–1114 (1967)
van Ginneken, B., Stavridi, M., Koenderink, J.: Diffuse and Specular Reflectance from Rough Surfaces. Applied Optics 37(1), 130–139 (1998)
Vernold, C.L., Harvey, J.E.: A Modified Beckmann-Kirchoff Scattering Theory for Non-paraxial Angles. In: Proceedings of the SPIE, vol. 3426, pp. 51–56 (1998)
Wolff, L.B.: Diffuse Reflectance Model for Smooth Dielectric Surfaces. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 11(11), 2956–2968 (1994)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ragheb, H., Hancock, E.R. (2005). Adding Subsurface Attenuation to the Beckmann-Kirchhoff Theory. In: Marques, J.S., Pérez de la Blanca, N., Pina, P. (eds) Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis. IbPRIA 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3523. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11492542_31
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11492542_31
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-26154-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-32238-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)